Exploration of Analgesic and Antiinflammatory potential of Lagerstroemia speciosa (original) (raw)
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Dhaka University Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2015
The methanolic crude extract of Lagerstroemia speciosa roots was investigated for its possible analgesic and anti-diarrhoeal activities in experimental animal model. Phytochemical screening of the methanolic extract of L. speciosa roots showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins and reducing sugar. In acute toxicity study, no mortality or toxic reaction was recorded in animal model after administration of the L. speciosa roots extract. Analgesic activity was evaluated by using acetic acid induced writhing inhibition method in Swiss albino mice. In peripheral method of anti-nociception, the methanolic crude extract of L. speciosa roots showed significant analgesic activity. At the dose of 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight, the extract produced 35.38% and 53.85% (P<0.001) of writhing inhibition, respectively compared to standard diclofenac sodium (70.77% inhibition). The extract had also anti-diarrhoeal activity in castor oil induced method and inhibited the mean n...
Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia, 2010
RESUMO: "Efeitos do extrato etanólico das folhas de Lafoensia pacari A. St.-Hil., Lythraceae (pacari), em modelos de dor e inflamação". O pacari (Lafoensia pacari A. St.-Hil., Lythraceae) é uma espécie vegetal nativa do cerrado, o extrato da casca de caule é utilizado popularmente para dores e inflamação, tendo mostrado atividade sedativa. Este trabalho objetivou avaliar os efeitos do extrato etanólico das folhas do pacari (EEFP) como analgésico e antiinflamatório. As atividades analgésica e antiinflamatória foram verificadas em camundongos. O tratamento prévio com EEFP 1,0 g/kg mostrou atividade antinociceptiva tanto no método das contorções abdominais induzidas por ácido acético como também no modelo de dor induzida por formalina, tanto na fase neurogênica quanto na fase inflamatória. Os pré-tratamentos com o EEFP reduziram o edema de orelha, induzido por óleo de cróton, de forma dose-dependente. Os testes de atividade no sistema nervoso central mostraram que o extrato não provoca incoordenação motora nem hipnose ou sedação. Os resultados mostram que o EEFP mantém as atividades analgésica e antiinflamatória do extrato das cascas do caule do pacari, sendo que a coleta das folhas favorece a preservação desta espécie nativa do cerrado.
Revista de Biología Tropical, 2013
The plant, and especially the fruit of Lagenaria breviflora is widely used in folklore medicine in West Africa as a herbal remedy for the treatment of human measles, digestive disorders, and as wound antiseptics (e.g. umbilical incision wound), while livestock farmers use it for Newcastle disease and coccidiosis treatment in various animal species, especially poultry. The purpose of this study was to contribute with new information on this plant leaves extract effect, as few studies have considered their effects. We collected fresh leaves of Lagenaria breviflora from the school farm of the University of Ibadan, Nigeria in May 2011. Dried leaves were ground and a 200g sample was used to prepare the extract. The grounded leaves material was allowed to shake in 1 000mL distilled water for 48h, in an orbital shaker at room temperature of 24°C. The obtained extract was filtered and concentrated to dryness under reduced pressure at 40ºC, and the thick solution was lyophilized, for a final extract yield of 12.6%. Standard phytochemical methods were used to test the presence of saponins, alkaloids, tannins, anthraquinones, cardiac glycosides, cyanogenetic glycosides and flavonoids. The anti-inflammatory activity of the aqueous leaf extract of the plant was assessed using carrageenan-induced paw edema and histamine-induced paw edema in rats. The analgesic effect was determined using the acetic acid writhing method as well as formalin test in mice. Our results showed that the extract at 100 and 200mg/ kg body weight significantly reduced the formation of the oedema induced by carrageenan and histamine. In the acetic acid-induced writhing model, the extract showed a good analgesic effect characterized by reduction in the number of writhes when compared to the control. The extract caused dose-dependent decrease of licking time and licking frequency in rats injected with 2.5% formalin, signifying its analgesic effect. These results were however less than those of indomethacin, the reference drug used in this study. Since the plant extract reduced significantly the formation of oedema induced by carrageenan and histamine, as well as reduced the number of writhes in acetic acid-induced writhing models and dose-dependent decrease of licking frequency in rats injected with 2.5% formalin, the results have validated the basis for the traditional use of Lagenaria breviflora against inflamed purulent wounds, swellings, and bruises seen in some infectious diseases such as New Castle disease. Rev. Biol. Trop. 61 (1): 281-290. Epub 2013 March 01.
Analgesic activity of lagenaria siceraria root extract by tail flick method in albino mice
IP Innovative Publication Pvt. Ltd., 2018
Introduction: Analgesics relieve pain which otherwise can cause distress and suffering. But analgesics like NSAIDs and opioids can cause side effects like gastric irritation, tolerance and dependence. Hence it is essential to develop new compounds with analgesic potential. Objectives: To evaluate the analgesic potential of ethanolic extract (EE) of Lagenaria siceraria (L. siceraria) root by tail flick method in albino mice. Materials and Methods: Animals were allocated to four groups. Group 1(control) was administered normal saline. Group 2 was given aspirin 40 mg/kg (Standard). EE of L. siceraria roots 100 mg/kg BW was given to Group 3. Group 4 was given EE of L. siceraria roots 200 mg/kg BW. All administrations were per oral. Analgesic potential was analysed by tail flick method. Results: EE of L. siceraria roots (100 mg/kg BW) increased the reaction time significantly at 15 minutes (p < 0> Conclusion: The EE of L. siceraria roots possess analgesic activity in albino mice. Keywords: L. siceraria, Analgesic, Albino mice, Tail flick
Phytochemical and Pharmacological Screening of the fruits of Lagerstroemia speciosa (L.) pers
The present piece of work was framed to investigate the phytochemical screening along with pharmacological activities (analgesic, cytotoxicity and antibacterial activity) of the ethanolic fruit extract of the plant Lagerstroemia speciosa (L.) from family of Lythraceae. Phytochemical tests confirmed Steroids, Tannins and Saponins as its constituent compounds. Presence of these compounds further provoked to check for possible analgesic, cytotoxic and antibacterial activities of L. speciosa. The crude extract at the dose of 500 mg/kg body weight exhibited moderate analgesic action against acetic acid induced pain in Swiss albino mice, where percentage of protection was found 55.21% while the percentage of protection for standard drug diclofenac was 84.37% at a measure of 25 mg/kg body weight and the result was statistically significant (p<0.01). The extract showed moderate antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus epidermis, Enterococci, Escherichia coli and Staphyllococcus saprophyticus. The extract also showed potent cytotoxic activity in brine shrimp where LC50 and LC90 was found at the dose of 60 µg/ml and 100 µg/ml respectively. The results of the study tend to suggest the traditional uses of L. speciosa and could be the basis of further investigations in future including isolation of novel compounds.
2020
In traditional medicine, Laportea aestuans (LA)is used in treatment of several ailments including pain and inflammatory conditions. This study evaluates the analgesic and anti-inflammatory potential of the ethanol extract of the leaves of LA using hot–plate induced analgesia and carrageenan–induced acute inflammatory model in Albino Wistar rats (120g-160g). The analgesic activity was assessed by oral administration of the extract doses; 50, 100 and 150 mg/kg bwt to separate groups of rats, 100 mg/kg bwt of ibuprofen (positive control) and 10 mL/kg bwt of distilled water (negative control).0.1mLof 1% carrageenan suspended in distilled water was injected intra-peritonially into the sub-plantar region of the right-hind paw of the rats to induce inflammation. Similar doses were given to test its anti-inflammatory activity but 10 mg/kg of diclofenac sodium was given as the positive control. The results obtained showed significant (p<0.05) dose -dependent difference among the group...
The African Journal of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 2016
Background : The plant Laggera aurita is an annual or biannual plant belonging to the family Compositae that has been used for management of pain related conditions locally. It reportedly has anti-oxidant as well as antimicrobial properties. Objectives : To conduct LD 50 and phytochemical studies, evaluate the analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties of the methanol extract of L. aurita and determine possible mechanism of action. Methodology : Analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties of the extract were investigated using acetic acid induced writhing, thermally-induced pain, and formalin induced inflammation in rats and mice. Phytochemical and acute toxicological screenings were also conducted. Results : The LD 50 was found to be above 5000 mg/kg with slight changes in histological architecture observed in the kidney, liver, lungs and stomach. The extract at dose 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg significantly (p<0.05) inhibited acetic acid induced writhes in mice and increased mean re...
Biological Research, 2014
The study was conducted to evaluate the in vitro thrombolytic activity, and in vivo analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic potentials of different hydrocarbon soluble extracts of Litsea glutinosa leaves for the first time widely used in the folkloric treatments in Bangladesh. This work aimed to create new insights on the fundamental mechanisms of the plant extracts involved in these activities. Results: In thrombolytic activity assay, a significant clot disruption was observed at dose of 1 mg/mL for each of the extracts (volume 100 μL) when compared to the standard drug streptokinase. The n-hexane, ethyl acetate, chloroform, and crude methanolic extracts showed 32.23 ± 0.26, 37.67 ± 1.31, 43.13 ± 0.85, and 46.78 ± 0.9% clot lysis, respectively, whereas the positive control streptokinase showed 93.35 ± 0.35% disruption at the dose of 30,000 I.U. In hot plate method, the highest pain inhibitory activity was found at a dose of 500 mg/kg of crude extract (15.54 ± 0.37 sec) which differed significantly (P <0.01 and P <0.001) with that of the standard drug ketorolac (16.38 ± 0.27 sec). In acetic acid induced writhing test, the crude methanolic extract showed significant (P <0.01 and P <0.001) analgesic potential at doses 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight (45.98 and 56.32% inhibition, respectively), where ketorolac showed 64.36% inhibition. In anti-inflammatory activity test, the crude methanolic extract showed significant (P <0.001) potential at doses 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight (1.51 ± 0.04 and 1.47 ± 0.03 mm paw edema, respectively), where ketorolac showed 1.64 ± 0.05 mm edema after 3 h of carrageenan injection. In antipyretic activity assay, the crude extract showed notable reduction in body temperature (32.78 ± 0.46°C) at dose of 500 mg/kg-body weight, when the standard (at dose 150 mg/kg-body weight) exerted 33.32 ± 0.67°C temperature after 3 h of administration.
To evaluate the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of methanolic extract of Lycopus europaeus on experimental animal models. Methodology: The analgesic activity was evaluated by hot plate, acetic acid induced writhing and formalin induced writhing method in Swiss Albino mice divided into 4 different groups (control, standard diclofenac sodium and extract at two different doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg BW). The extract was also investigated for the anti-inflammatory effect on Long Evans rats using carrageenan induced rat paw edema method. For anti-inflammatory study, 24 rats were divided into 4 different groups each receiving either distilled water, standard drug or the extract at the doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg BW. Results: Phytochemical analysis of the extract revealed the presence of tannins, flavonoids and terpenoids. The extract elicited a highly significant (p<0.001) analgesic activity in a dose dependent manner on hot plate method, acetic acid induced writhing test and also on both the early and late phases of formalin test at the doses employed. In the hot plate method, the extract increased the reaction time of heat sensation to 60.81% and 66.52% at the doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg BW respectively while that of the standard drug was 57.40% at the 3rd hour of study. In acetic acid induced writhing test, the percent inhibition of writhing response by the extract was 62.87% and 70.66% at 250 and 500 mg/kg doses respectively (p<0.001) which were even better than the standard drug diclofenac sodium (50.30%). The extract also significantly inhibited the licking response at the dose of 500 mg/kg in both the early phase (55.11%, p<0.01) and the late phase (66.43%, p<0.01) of formalin test while the standard drug inhibited by 52.27% and 72.03%, respectively. The oral administration of the extract significantly (p<0.001) inhibited inflammatory response induced by carrageenan in a dose dependent fashion. The most prominent inhibition of 61.68% (250 mg/kg) and 73.65% (500 mg/kg) were observed at the 4th hour of study. Conclusion: The central and peripheral analgesic as well as anti-inflammatory effect of the methanolic extract of Lycopus europaeus may be due to the presence of various chemical constituents specially flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids or terpenoids. These experimental findings would further establish the scientific basis of the traditional uses of the plant in the management and/or control of pain as well as inflammatory conditions.