Improving the Electrocatalytic Activities and CO Tolerance of Pt NPs by Incorporating TiO 2 Nanocubes onto Carbon Supports (original) (raw)
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Fuel cell performance of Pt electrocatalysts supported on carbon nanocoils
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2014
Polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell Carbon nanocoils Electrocatalyst a b s t r a c t Carbon nanocoils (CNCs) synthesized via the catalytic graphitization of resorcinolformaldehyde gel were investigated as an electrocatalyst support in PEMFC anodes. Their textural and physical properties make them a highly efficient catalyst support for anodic hydrogen oxidation in low temperature PEMFC.
Carbon, 2006
Chemical modification of Carbon Vulcan XC-72R for fuel cell applications has been undertaken. Treated carbons were used as carriers for the deposition of Pt nanoparticles and used as electrocatalysts. The influence of the carbon treatment, as well as that of the Pt nanoparticles generation and their deposition route has been studied. The behaviour of the electrocatalysts in the CO and hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) has been studied. It was observed that carbon pre-treatment lead to difference behaviour in the CO oxidation reaction compared with the performance over non treated supports. In this way, CO oxidation was controlled by the nature of the support rather than by the nature of the Pt particles alone.
Lancet, 2011
Pt electrocatalysts supported on carbon nanocoils (CNCs) were prepared by the sodium borohydride (BM), formic acid (FAM) and ethylene glycol (EGM) reduction methods in order to determine the influence of the synthesis method on the physicochemical and electrochemical properties of Pt/CNC catalysts. For this purpose, physicochemical properties of these materials were studied by means of energy dispersive X-ray analyses, X-ray diffraction and N 2 -physisorption, whereas their electrochemical activity towards ethanol and carbon monoxide oxidation was studied using cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry. Furthermore, in order to complete this study, the results obtained for Pt/CNC catalysts were compared with those obtained for Pt catalysts supported on Vulcan XC-72R (commercial support) prepared by the same methods and for the commercial Pt/C catalysts from E-TEK. Results showed that, for all studied methods, CO oxidation occurred at more negative potentials on Pt/CNC catalysts than on Pt/Vulcan and Pt/C E-TEK ones. On the other hand, higher current densities for the ethanol electrooxidation were obtained when CNCs were used as support for BM and EGM. It is concluded that optimizing the synthesis method on CNC, materials with enhanced electrooxidation properties could be developed.
Electrochimica Acta, 2002
The effect of the inclusion of Mo, Nb and Ta in Pt and PtRu carbon supported anode electrocatalysts on CO tolerance in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) has been investigated by cyclic voltammetry and fuel cell tests. CO stripping voltammetry on binary PtxM/C (M: Mo, Nb, Ta) reveals partial oxidation of the CO adlayer at low potential, with PtMo (4:1)/C exhibiting the lowest value. At 80 °C, the operating temperature of the fuel cell, CO oxidation was observed at potentials close to 0 V versus the reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE). No significant difference for CO electro-oxidation at the lower potential limit, compared to PtRu/C, was observed for PtRuMy/C (M: Mo, Nb). Fuel cell tests demonstrated that while all the prepared catalysts exhibited enhanced performance compared to Pt/C, only the addition of a relatively small amount of Mo to PtRu results in an electrocatalyst with a higher activity, in the presence of carbon monoxide, to PtRu/C, the current catalyst of choice for PEM fuel cell applications.
The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 2013
TiC, TiCN, and TiN supported Pt nanoparticles have been investigated as anode electrocatalytic materials for direct methanol fuel cells. The catalysts were studied in acidic and alkaline media and compared with platinum supported on carbon black. CO and methanol oxidation were studied by voltammetry and chronoamperometry techniques. Transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis were employed to characterize the novel catalysts. Results show that a carbonsupported Pt catalyst is mainly formed by nanoparticles with long (111) domains, and those catalysts with a titanium-based support present a huge amount of defect sites with diverse symmetries. Additionally to geometric factors, an electronic effect by the Ti-based support leads to considerably enhanced CO electrooxidation with respect to carbonsupported catalysts, which is of special relevance in alkaline media. However, no such improvement is observed during the methanol oxidation reaction on Ti-based catalysts at high pH.
Electrochimica Acta, 2009
PtCo and PtMn electrocatalyst particles were successfully synthesized on Ti substrate by the electrodepostion method. PtCo particles deposited are star-shaped particles with size of 100–200 nm and very porous with many slices of ∼10 nm. On the other hand, PtMn particles are spherical and have no obvious conglomeration, and the particle is in the range of 100–200 nm. The results reveal that the effect of the incorporation of Co and Mn on the electrochemical active surface area of Pt nanoaprticles is very small. However, incorporation of trace Co and Mn in Pt (e.g., Pt1000Co and Pt1000Mn) has dramatic effect on the electrochemical oxidation reaction of alcohol. The mass specific peak current for the methanol oxidation in alkaline media is 49 mA cm−2 and 39 mA cm−2 on Pt10000Mn and Pt1000Co, which is three and two times higher, respectively, than that on pure Pt electrocatalyst nanoparticles. PtMn and PtCo electrocatalysts also show significant enhanced stability for methanol oxidation. However, the electrocatalytic enhancement of Co or Mn to Pt is relatively small for the electrooxidation reactions of ethanol in alkaline media.
The combined effect of oxygen and nitrogen functional groups on highly crystalline carbon supports like multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) and MWCNT-few layer graphene hybrid structures (MWCNT+FLG) have been investigated towards oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) performance and carbon corrosion durability in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) applications. The pristine carbon supports were modified with oxygen and nitrogen functionalities by treating with concentrated mineral acids and subsequent nitrogen plasma treatment assisted with R.F. magnetron sputtering. Pt nanoparticles were dispersed over these chemically modified carbon supports by polyol reduction method. The physicochemical properties of as synthe-sized electrocatalysts were studied by different techniques such as XRD, TEM, FTIR, Raman and XPS. Electrochemical properties were investigated by cyclic voltammetry and linear sweep voltammetry in 0.1M HClO 4 medium. Compared to commercial Pt/C catalysts, durability show~30 % enhancement for the as prepared electrocatalysts due to the presence of large amount of pyrrolic nitrogen and highly oriented graphitic nature of the catalyst supports. The ORR performance were comparable with Pt/C (TEC10E30E) in terms of MSA, 259, 270, 252 A g -1 for Pt/C, Pt/N-f-MWCNT, Pt/N-f-(MWCNT+FLG) respectively.