Structural Characterization of Iron Nanoparticles Synthesized by Chemical -Methods (original) (raw)
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The effect of initial salt composition on characteristics of zero-valent iron nanopowders produced via borohydride reduction was studied. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning and transmission electron microscopy, and low-temperature nitrogen adsorption. The efficiency of Pb2+ ions removal from aqueous media was evaluated. The use of ferric salts led to enhanced reduction kinetics and, consequently, to a smaller size of iron particles in comparison with ferrous salts. A decrease in the ionic strength of the synthesis solutions resulted in a decrease in iron particles. The formation of small highly-reactive iron particles during synthesis led to their oxidation during washing and drying steps with the formation of a ferrihydrite phase. The lead ions removal efficiency was improved by simultaneous action of zero-valent iron and ferrihydrite phases of the sample produced from iron sulphate.
Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Characterization and Applications
2017
Iron oxide is a mineral compound which occurs in different forms like hematite, magnetite and maghemite. Fe-based nanoparticles act as new generation environmental remediation technologies, and provide cost-effective solutions to the most demanding environmental cleanup problems. The synthesis of magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) has been intensively developed not only for its fundamental scientific interest but also for its many technological applications, such as targeted drug delivery, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), gas sensing, photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutant, etc. In this review, different methods like sol-gel, co-precipitation, micro-emulsion, thermal decomposition to prepare iron oxide nanoparticles have been described. Characterization of iron oxide nanoparticles is done by scanning electron microscopy(SEM), Transmission electron microscopy(TEM), X-ray powder diffraction(XRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR). Also various applica...
Synthesis of iron nanoparticles: Size effects, shape control and organisation
Progress in Solid State Chemistry, 2005
Hydrogenation of bis(ditrimethylsilyl)amido iron complex, [Fe{N(SiMe3)2}2], provides iron nanoparticles (NPs) which have been stabilised either by an organic polymer matrix or mixtures of long chain acid and amine ligands leading respectively to spherical nanoparticles of 1.8nm size or nanocubes with edges of 7.2 or 8.4nm. The 1.8nm size NPs are magnetically independent. Their magnetisation is shown to be identical to
Effect of the Surfactant on the Growth and Oxidation of Iron Nanoparticles
Journal of Nanomaterials, 2015
Fe nanoparticles and branched nanostructures of iron oxide were synthesized by chemical reduction in aqueous phase. The mechanism of formation of iron oxides as a function of the amount of surfactant employed during the synthesis process was studied. Specifically Fe, Fe2O3, and Fe3O4nanoparticles were obtained. The oxidation of Fe to Fe3O4and finally to Fe2O3was carried out by oxidative etching process, decreasing the amount of stabilizer agent. The structures obtained were characterized by high resolution (HRTEM) and scanning/transmission (STEM) electron microcopies, energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and optical spectroscopy (UV-Vis and IR).
2020
In the present work Iron nanoparticles have been synthesized from simple and green synthesis strategy. Natural lemon extract was used as a reducing agent and curcumin acted as a stabilizer. The obtained iron nanoparticles were characterized by UV-Vis, IR, SEM and TEM techniques. TEM images showed that the formed particles are of spherical morphology with appreciable size. The synthesized iron nanoparticles have been screened for their antibacterial and antifungal activities against different microorganisms. The zone of inhibition results were considerably higher andalso exhibited similar activity to standard drugs.
Synthesis, Characterization and Applications of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles – a Short Review
Journal of Aerospace Technology and Management, 2015
Iron oxide is a mineral compound that shows different polymorphic forms, including hematite (α-Fe2O3), magnetite (Fe3O4) and maghemite (γ-Fe2O3). Solid propulsion technology nanoparticulate materials, such as hematite and maghemite, exhibit high performance on thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate. The enhanced catalytic effect of metallic iron oxide nanoparticles is attributed to their particle size, more active sites and high surface area, which promotes more gas adsorption during thermal oxidation reactions. Nowadays, metallic iron nanoparticles can be synthesized via numerous methods, such as co-precipitation, sol-gel, microemulsion, or thermal decomposition. Although there are data on these synthetic methods in the literature, there is a lack of details related to nanoparticulate oxides and to their characterization techniques. In this context, this short review based on scientific papers, including data from the last two decades, presents methods for obtaining nanoparticulate iron oxides as well as the main aspects of the different characterization techniques and also about the decomposition aspects of these nanomaterials. Morphologies and structures of iron oxides can be characterized through transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. As for textural properties, they are usually determined by physical adsorption techniques.
A narrative review of the synthesis, characterization, and applications of iron oxide nanoparticles
Discover Nano, 2023
The significance of green synthesized nanomaterials with a uniform shape, reduced sizes, superior mechanical capabilities, phase microstructure, magnetic behavior, and superior performance cannot be overemphasized. Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) are found within the size range of 1-100 nm in nanomaterials and have a diverse range of applications in fields such as biomedicine, wastewater purification, and environmental remediation. Nevertheless, the understanding of their fundamental material composition, chemical reactions, toxicological properties, and research methodologies is constrained and extensively elucidated during their practical implementation. The importance of producing IONPs using advanced nanofabrication techniques that exhibit strong potential for disease therapy, microbial pathogen control, and elimination of cancer cells is underscored by the adoption of the green synthesis approach. These IONPs can serve as viable alternatives for soil remediation and the elimination of environmental contaminants. Therefore, this paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the research conducted on different types of IONPs and IONP composite-based materials. It examines the synthesis methods and characterization techniques employed in these studies and also addresses the obstacles encountered in prior investigations with comparable objectives. A green engineering strategy was proposed for the synthesis, characterization, and application of IONPs and their composites with reduced environmental impact. Additionally, the influence of their phase structure, magnetic properties, biocompatibility, toxicity, milling time, nanoparticle size, and shape was also discussed. The study proposes the use of biological and physicochemical methods as a more viable alternative nanofabrication strategy that can mitigate the limitations imposed by the conventional methods of IONP synthesis. Keywords Green synthesis • Iron oxide nanoparticles • Characterization • Applications Abbreviations AuNP Gold nanoparticles EDS Energy-dispersive spectroscopy DMSO Dimethyl sulfoxide HRTEM High-resolution transmission electron microscope FTIR Fourier transform infrared
Synthesis and Characterization of Fe3O4 Nanoparticles Using Different Experimental Methods
IOP conference series, 2020
This paper reports a comparative study on the synthesis of Fe3O4 nanoparticles using three different methods, namely; Co-precipitation, Sonochemical and Solvothermal methods. Ferric chloride hexahydrate (FeCl3.6H2O) and Ferrous chloride tetrahydrate (FeCl2.4H2O) were used as the iron precursor for the Co-precipitation method; while, Ferrous sulphate Heptahydrate (FeCl2.7H2O) and Ferric chloride hexahydrate (FeCl3.6H2O) were used as the iron precursor for sonochemical and solvothermal synthesis methods, respectively. The effect of the experimental methods and the precursors used on the shape and size of the Fe3O4 nanoparticles were investigated using different characterization techniques. The chemical characterization of the samples were carried out using EDX. The size of the nanoparticles were determined using particle size analyzer. The SEM and TEM images were used study to the surface morphology of the produced nanoparticles. Finally, TGA was used to study the thermal stability of the prepared iron oxide nanoparticles.
2015
The influence of dc magnetic field on some physical and catalytic properties of iron and platinum/iron nanoparticles is investigated. The nanoparticles are produced by a borohydride (BH) reduction process, as the dc magnetic field is applied during their synthesis. Structural differences between Fe powders are not observed. XRD and Mössbauer data show the presence of metallic iron and iron oxides (-Fe 2 O 3 /Fe 3 O 4). In the Pt-Fe powders fcc-Pt and iron oxide-hydroxides are identified. XPS investigations confirm the availability of the iron oxides and metallic Pt. Pt 2+ is identified too. A comparison of the XRD and the XPS data suggests the formation of core (metal)/shell (oxide) structure of the nanoparticles. Тhe samples untreated with magnetic field show better electrocatalytic activities in PEM water electrolysis compared to the treated nanoparticles. For Pt-Fe samples, in which the iron content is about 50%, the influence of the magnetic field is weak. The observed effect c...
Synthesis and Characterization of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles by Solid State Chemical Reaction Method
Journal of Cluster Science, 2010
Iron oxide nanoparticles dispersed in aluminum (Al) or silicon (Si) oxides were prepared via a polymeric precursor derived from the Pechini method. The samples were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis, Fouriertransform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, N 2 adsorption/desorption isotherms (Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, BET), Mössbauer spectroscopy, and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). BET analysis shows that the samples are mesoporous materials and have a high surface area. The size of the Fe 2 O 3 nanoparticles in Al 2 O 3 is smaller than that in SiO 2 . Mössbauer spectra of the samples show that the Fe 2 O 3 nanoparticles in Al 2 O 3 are non-magnetic at room temperature but magnetic below 50 K. The FeSi samples are magnetic at both room and low temperatures. The magnetic measurements with VSM confirmed this point.