Clinico-morphological pattern of intracranial tumors in children (original) (raw)
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Intracranial tumors in children: a 10-year review from a single tertiary health-care center
Child's Nervous System, 2019
Objective Brain tumors are the second most common pediatric malignancy and the most common cause of cancer-related mortality and morbidities. Major advances in terms of surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy have led to better outcomes in developed countries. Delayed diagnosis, advanced disease at presentation, late referrals, nosocomial infections, delays to radiotherapy, and poor support services are the major reasons for poorer outcomes in developing countries. Little is known about the profile of brain tumors in Pakistan. This study aims to evaluate the epidemiology, management, and clinical outcomes of children with brain tumors in Pakistan in a single tertiary care center. Methods/materials All children (0-16 years) with primary CNS tumors from 2004 to 2014 at Aga Khan University Hospital were reviewed retrospectively for clinical data, demographics, radiological findings, management, and outcome. Results One hundred seventy-five children were included in the study. Male to female ratio was 1.4:1. Most of the patients were in 5-10 years age group (38.9%). Most common presenting complains were headache 115 (65.7%) and vomiting 100 (57.1%). Predominant site was infratentorial 93 (53%). Glial tumors were 105 (60%) followed by embryonal 40(22.9%), craniopharyngiomas 25 (14.3%), and germ cell 1 (0.6%). Astrocytomas (25.7%) were the most common glial tumors while medulloblastoma (15.4%) was the most common embryonal tumor. Majority of the patients underwent surgical resection (78.8%). Radiation was given to 47 (26.8%) patients. A half of the patients, 89 (50%), were lost to follow-up. Forty-two (24%) patients expired, 20 (11.4%) are alive with residual disease while 15 patients (8.5%) were cured with no evidence of recurrence and regular follow-ups. Conclusion This is the only study from Pakistan showing demographics of the childhood brain tumors. Significant improvement needs to be made for timely diagnosis, early referrals, and collaborated team efforts with multidisciplinary tumor board to improve outcome.
Annals of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, 2016
Background: The primary pediatric brain tumors (PBT) are the second most common cause of death due to malignancies in children. This study was done to analyze the histological spectrum of primary brain tumors in children and also to find out the epidemiology of the common pediatric brain tumors. Methods: Data regarding age, gender, topography, and histopathology of 239 pediatric patients (0–18 years) with brain tumors operated over a period of 15 years (January-2001 to December-2015) was collected and analyzed according to World Health Organization 2007 classification Result: PBTs were more common in males (54.8%) as compared to females (45.2%) with male to female ratio of 1.21:1. Frequency of tumors was higher in childhood age group (>5-<15 years) i.e. (55.6%) when compared to adolescent age group (15.9%). The most common anatomical site was cerebellum (40.5%), followed by hemispheres (21.4%). Supratentorial tumors (51.9%) were predominant than infratentorial tumors (45.2%) a...
Spectrum of pediatric brain tumors: a report of 341 cases from a tertiary cancer center in India
Indian journal of pediatrics, 2014
Brain tumors are the second most common cancers after hematological malignancies accounting for approximate 21% of all childhood malignancies in children between ages of 0 and 14 y. The present study was undertaken to determine the spectrum of the brain tumors diagnosed in a tertiary cancer center in South India. A retrospective analysis of the data of pediatric brain tumors diagnosed between 2003 and 2009 was done and data was classified according to the age, gender and histology types. Out of 2,844 pediatric patients, 341 (11.99%) were diagnosed as having brain tumors. Most of the patients were in the age group of >5-14 y. Male to female ratio was 1.58:1. The most common pediatric brain tumor was medulloblastoma followed by astrocytoma and ependymoma. Glioblastoma multiforme was the most common subtype of astrocytoma. Other common tumors were glioma, oligodendroglioma, periphereral neuroectodermal tumor and germ cell tumor. As compared to western data, incidence of brain tumors...
About the Issue of Clinical and Morphologic Diagnosis of Intracranial Tumors
Translational and Clinical Medicine - Georgian Medical Journal, 2017
Background: According to the literature data, there has been a significant increase in central nervous system tumors recently. The problem of neuro-oncology is to define the biological "behavior" of tumors, which carries the key importance for the respective effective treatment and prognostication. By informative value, radiologic studies take one of the leading place in the latest diagnostic methods established in the practical medicine; in addition, its known that regardless of informative value of any study method, the ultimate verification of the process is done based on morphologic study results. Thus, the knowledge of morphologic equivalents of the radiologic study data is of utmost significance, both for implementation of targeted treatment strategy as well as for defining the possible risk of relapse. The aim of the study was to compare the clinical and postoperative morphological study results in presence of intracranial tumors. Material Methods: The postoperative material sampled during the 5 consecutive years was studied-219 cases overall. Complete clinical-laboratory studies were performed in given cases, including MRI with T1flair,T2tse, T2flair, DWI, dADC-DWI, T1-FFE regimens, in axial, sagittal and coronal sections, with contrast enhancement (Magnevist, average 15 ml.). In some cases per needed, MR angiography was performed (Ven-3D-PCA, 3DI-MC-HR). Postoperative material was fixed in neutral 10% formalin solution. Samples were paraffin-embedded. The sections with 5-6 µm thickness prepared by rotational microtome were stained by hematoxylin, eosin and picrofuxin (by Van Gieson). We were using the immunohistochemistry study method. Microscopic films were studied by light microscope "Balphan" (with halogen light) in different magnifications (200-400). The malignancy grade of tumors was defined by WHO classification 2007. Results: Complete matching of the diagnoses was revealed in 131 cases (59.8%). In 26 cases of discrepant diagnosis, the clinical diagnosis indicated the histogenesis of intracranial tumor, which was not verified by morphology study. High indices of complete matching between clinical and postoperative morphology study data in intracranial tumors were observed for neurinoma (100.0%), pituitary adenoma (92.8%), meningioma (92.1%), and average indices of matching for glioblastoma (66.6%) and astrocytoma (62.5%) cases..
2021
Objective: To analyze the histological spectrum of pediatric brain tumors (PBT) in Pakistani population and to compare the results with international data. Study Design: Retrospective observational study. Place and Duration of Study: Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Rawalpindi, from Jan 2015 and Dec 2019. Methodology: This data was analyzed using the latest World Health Organization (WHO) classification of Tumors of Central Nervous System 2016. The cases were divided in 5 categories according to age (0-2, 3-5, 6-8, 9-11 & 12-14 years). Results: A total of 43 cases were included in the study. Of these cases, 26 (60.46%) were male and 17 (39.5%) were female. Male to female ratio was 1.5-1. The 6-8 year age group had the highest number of tumors while 0-2 year age group had the least. Mean age of diagnosis was 7.6 years. Ependymoma wasthe most common morphological type with 12 cases (28%) followed by pilocytic astrocytoma, diffuse glioma with 10 cases each (23%) and medulloblastoma...
Brain tumors of childhood: nosological and diagnostic problems
Child's Nervous System, 1989
Brain tumors containing undifferentiated cells were selected from a series of 504 childhood brain tumors; 117 were analyzed. Most tumors were medulloblastomas, followed by cerebral neuroblastomas, pineocytomas-blastomas, ependymoblastomas, and polar spongioblastomas. Of each oncotype, the main histological features were evaluated, including differentiation and the most important prognostic factors. The terminology and different tumor entities are discussed in light of the recent PNET system. The usefulness of its application is evaluated in relation to prognosis.
Asian Journal of Neurosurgery, 2018
Background: Pediatric brain tumors are unique in terms of distribution, clinical presentation, pathologic types, management, and prognosis. There are not many studies from India which have looked into the epidemiology of pediatric brain tumors. Aims: This study aimed to analyze the epidemiology of pediatric brain tumors in North Kerala and compare it with data from the rest of India and other countries. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective study of 5-year data of pediatric brain tumors which were operated in a tertiary referral center in North Kerala, India, from 2009 to 2013. The data were procured from the departments of neurosurgery and pathology of the institution. The data were tabulated and analyzed using SPSS software. Results: A total of 71 children had histologically proven brain tumors during the 5-year period. There were 34 boys and 37 girls. Distribution in different age groups was as follows: infancy –5 (7%), 1–5 years –22 (31%), 6–10 years – 21 (29.6%), and 1...
International Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Pathology, 2019
Tumours of central nervous system occur relatively frequently in early years of life. They are the most common malignancy of childhood after leukaemia in overall cancer incidence. Paediatric brain tumours has histomorphological diversified spectrum & differ significantly from their adult counterpart. Present retrospective observational study was carried out to analyse the histomorphological spectrum of Paediatric CNS tumours at tertiary care centre from central India. This study is an attempt to map the rising trend of paediatric brain tumours in central India. This rise may be due to expansion of available neurosurgical services along with advanced imaging modalities in this part of India. Medulloblastoma, Pilocytic astrocytoma, Ependymoma, Craniopharyngioma & Choroid plexus papilloma were among the top five diagnosis in present study.
Spectrum of pediatric brain tumors in India: A multi-institutional study
Neurology India, 2011
Background : Till date there is no published multi-institutional data regarding the epidemiological profile of pediatric brain tumors in India. Aim : The present retrospective study analyses the histological spectrum of pediatric age group brain tumors in seven tertiary care hospitals in India. Material and Methods : Data regarding frequencies of various primary brain tumors (diagnosed according to the World Health Organization (WHO) classification), in 3936 pediatric patients (<18 yrs of age), was collected from seven tertiary care hospitals in India.Results : The most common primary pediatric brain tumors were astrocytic tumors (34.7%), followed by medulloblastoma and supratentorial primitive neuro-ectodermal tumors (22.4%), craniopharyngiomas (10.2%) and ependymal tumors (9.8%). The most common astrocytic tumor was pilocytic astrocytoma. In comparison to adults, oligodendrogliomas and lymphomas were rare in children. Conclusions : Our study is the first such report on the histological spectrum of brain tumors in children in India. Except for a slightly higher frequency of craniopharyngiomas, the histological profile of pediatric brain tumors in India is similar to that reported in the Western literature.