Performances of heat pump systems as users of renewable energy for building heating/cooling (original) (raw)
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Heat pumps for buildings heating: Energy, environmental, and economic issues
Energy & Environment, 2018
The present paper analyzes the Italian energy system focusing on the possible energy, environmental, and economic effects that the utilization of individual heat pumps for winter heating can produce. To this aim, a model of the Italian energy system is developed by employing the tool EnergyPLAN in order to develop an hourly simulation of the system at country level. Different scenarios in terms of heat pumps penetration, ranging between 10% and 50%, are simulated and sensitivity analyses in terms of average coefficient of performance of heat pumps are performed. The increase of heat pumps generation shows a steadily decrease of fossil fuel consumption for buildings heating, as well as a reduction of carbon emissions. The utilization of heat pumps for buildings heating leads to an increase of 10 p.p. in the load factor of the combined cycle gas turbine thermal power plants. Furthermore, an optimal heat pumps penetration is determined, namely 20%, which minimizes the energy system costs, calculated as the sum of fuel cost and externalities savings.
ENERGY CONSERVATION ANALYSIS BY APPLICATION OF HEAT PUMP SYSTEM - A CASE STUDY
Heat pump application delivers an efficient way to replace the electrical energy for heating application in an industry, specifically for large - scale installations. This technology is very cost effective, Eco friendly source for water heating application which significantly reduces the use of elect rical energy consumption. An analysis of heat pump system for water heating application at the process industry established a new option for water heater. This paper presents key issues that will define how well, and to what extent, this technology will fi t into process industry. The paper also shows the results of a life - cycle cost analysis of heat pump water heating system. The commercial analysis was carried out for 7500 liter hot water per day. The results show that system COP can reach up to 3.12A extr emely substantial factor of cost saving is about 66.67 % with heat pump system. Electricity consumption of 480 units as per day is saved by using heat pump water heating system.
The present paper investigates possible primary energy savings deriving from the utilization of air to air heat pumps for building heating purposes. The energy input of heat pumps is generally represented by electricity and, in the last years, the share of renewables on the total electricity generation has grown in all the industrialized world, therefore the average carbon emission factor has decreased. According to this scenario, heat pumps maybe conveniently employed for heating purposes in the residential sector to support its de-carbonization through the substitution of natural gas boilers. The impact of the heat pump utilization is analyzed by implementing a simplified end-use energy model. The model is based on the definition of the Carnot efficiency of an inverse cycle, which permits to estimate the performance of a heat pump in a direct and simple way according to the indoor and outdoor temperature of the location of installation. Then, a simple methodology is introduced to obtain an estimation of territorial energy consumption, so that different scenarios can be analyzed and planning or policy evaluations can be proposed. Finally, a case of study is considered to show the practical application of the proposed method.
Thermo-Economic Analysis of an Air-to-Water Heat Pump
Energy Procedia, 2016
An air-to water heat pump was implemented in a school placed in rural area near Galati city. This facility was monitored for two years period. The implementation of the heat pump was considered because there is no heating or natural gas network in the village. This study presents an experimental thermo-economic analysis of this type of heat pump, using the results obtained in a cold period of the year. Using the registered values of thermo-electrical parameters by the controller, a medium value of the coefficient of performance of the heat pump was calculated. In the same time, a comparative economic analysis of the heat pump was performed
Springer Proceedings in Energy, 2015
In this paper a new computational model to estimate the performance of an air to water heat pump in relation to outdoor temperature is proposed and evaluated. This model is an extension and refinement of a model proposed in previous work. In the new model the following has been taken into account. Real empirical data for usage of a heat pump over a whole heating season have been used to obtain accurate parameter values. The energy which is used for heating sanitation water for the bathroom is taken into account in a separate submodel. According to some reports, around 15 % of domestic energy usage is for hot water. From the empirical data set, the fraction of energy which is consumed for this purpose is known, and it is used to model the usage for sanitation water heating as separate from the usage for heating. In this model the amount of energy which is used to keep the system working (active standby mode) is taken into account as well. The now available empirical data for the whole heating season have been used to estimate the parameter values for this model on the one hand and validation on the other hand.
Energy Procedia, 2017
The space heating of buildings represents one of the most important causes of energy consumption in Europe. The necessity to increase the share of renewable energy within the sector is hindered by the difficulty to renew and refurbish the existing building stock. In this context, heat pumps can have an important role in helping increase the renewable share of thermal energy production for the civil sector, in particular in those countries in which the electricity generation mix has large contributions from renewable energy sources. The paper presents a real-data analysis and a numerical simulation to evaluate the opportunity to substitute traditional heat generation systems (natural gas boilers) with air-source heat pumps or hybrid solutions. Three buildings located in Turin (Italy) are taken as case-study, and the hourly profiles of outdoor temperature, water supply temperature and absorbed thermal power are used to simulate four heat generation scenarios, that are compared in terms of primary energy consumption. Results show that (1) the substitution of the traditional natural gas boiler with a heat pump (with backup electric resistance) is always favorable (18% to 32% of primary energy reduction); (2) the influence of water supply temperature of each building on the overall primary energy saving is very high; (3) the adoption of a hybrid system (heat pump and natural gas boiler working alternatively) provides advantages in terms of reduced primary energy consumption only if the required supply water temperature is high. Further studies will investigate the economic aspects and will introduce comparisons with condensation natural gas boilers.
International Journal of Heat and Technology, 2017
Buildings heating is one of the main source of primary energy consumption, therefore there is a high pressure for finding solution able to reduce the consumption with consequent positive impacts on the environment. In the last years, it has been detected all around Europe an aggressive development of renewable energy sources in the electricity sector. Thus, an increasing share of electricity is now generated from renewables, which can be seen as a clean and sustainable source of energy. On the contrary, most of the heating systems available in buildings are based on fossil fuels boilers, usually fueled with fuel oil or natural gas. These fuel sources are characterized by pollutant emissions, namely CO2, NOx, SOx, soot, especially in the case of fuel oil. By developing an energy system model, the present paper shows that the switching from fossil fuel to electricity of buildings heating systems can support the reduction of primary energy consumption thus guaranteeing better economic and environmental performances. If an increasing amount of electricity is generated by using renewables energies, therefore the carbon intensity of electricity generation substantially decreases. The paper demonstrates that if the 20% of heating demand is covered by heat pumps a saving of 4% (27 TWht) in primary energy and 4% (% Mt) of carbon emissions can be achieved.
Heat Pumps and Cost Optimal Building Performance
European Scientific Journal, 2014
Slovenia has established comparative methodology framework for the minimum energy performance requirements on the basis of article 5 of the Directive EPBD-Recast (2010/31/EU) and in accordance with Annex III, differentiating between different categories of buildings. Choosing a single family house, energy performance of the buildings was calculated with IDA Indoor Climate and Energy as a whole year detailed and dynamic multizone simulation study of indoor climate and energy use. The minimum energy performance requirements are represented by the area of the cost curve that delivers the lowest cost for the end-user and society. The results demonstrate that the minimum requirements set for new single family houses in national building codes in force are more severe than the minimum requirements corresponding to the cost optimal level, mainly due to the national energy and climate policy targets in the building sector. Among systems, heat pumps proved to be important competitors in seeking the cost optimal building performance. It was shown, that heat pumps are environmentally acceptable and economically efficient way of heating with plausible positive social multiplied effects. Heat pumps have support of local economy and are based on well-established technology, their operational is efficient, reliable and are suitable for almost all buildings. In the future it is expected to reach higher coefficient of performance (COP), especially at lower temperatures. Higher COP, together with further increase of renewables share in national electrical power system is making heat pumps important foundation for further sustainable development in line with sustainable principles.
The Role of Heat Pump Technologies in the Design of Future Sustainable Energy Systems
In this paper, it is shown that in support of its ability to improve the overall economic cost- effectiveness and flexibility of the Danish energy system, the financially feasible integration of large-scale heat pumps with existing CHP units, is critically sensitive to the operational mode of the heat pump vis-à-vis the operational coefficient of performance (COP), which is set by the temperature level of the heat source. When using only ambient air as the heat source, the total heat production costs increases by about 10%, while the partial use of condensed flue gas from the CHP unit as a heat source results in an 8% cost reduction. Furthermore, the operational analysis shows that when a large-scale heat pump is integrated with an existing CHP unit, the projected spot market situation in Nord Pool, which reflects a growing share of wind power and heat-bound power generation electricity, will reduce the operational hours of the CHP unit significantly, making the heat pump a preferre...
Renewable Energy, 2015
In this study, the economic and environmental feasibility of air-to-air and geothermal heat pump systems is examined. The significance of the insulation level of the envelope on the economic and environmental feasibility of heat pump systems is demonstrated. The goal of this study is to quantify the extent to which the local climate and the building insulation level influences the economic and environmental feasibility of a geothermal water-to-air heat pump system and an external air-to-air heat pump system. In this study, the seasonal coefficient of performance SCOP is predicted for both heat pump systems for a residential building with varying insulation levels representative locations of the United States. The SCOP of both heat pump systems is calculated in a dynamic calculation process for use in a representative residential building with three different insulation levels of the building envelope. Results show a huge sensibility of SCOP values and feasibility studies towards the insulation level of the building envelope and the location.