Congestion Control in VANET with Time Synchronization Approach and by Controlling Number of Messages (original) (raw)
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Congestion Control Algorithm In Vanets
A Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks (VANETs) are technology that uses moving cars as nodes in a network to create a mobile network. VANET turns every participating car into a wireless router, allowing cars of each other to connect and create a network with a wide range. VANETs are developed for enhancing the driving safety and comfort of automotive users. The VANETs can provide wide variety of services such as Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) e.g. safety applications. Many of safety applications built in VANETs are required real-time communication with high reliability. One of the main challenges is to avoid degradation of communication channels in dense traffic network. Many of studies suggested that appropriate congestion control algorithms are essential to provide efficient operation of a network. However, most of congestion control algorithms are not really applicable to event-driven safety messages. In this paper we propose congestion control algorithm as solution to prevent congestion in VANETs environment. We also study the performance of proposed congestion control algorithm for event-driven safety messages in difference congested scenarios. The effectiveness of the proposed congestion control algorithm is evaluated through the simulations using Veins simulator.
Real Time Communication Model for Vehicular Communication in VANET
International Journal of Scientific Research in Computer Science, Engineering and Information Technology, 2022
According to the general goal of VANETs (i.e. making a safe and reliable environment for VANETs’ users), the emergency messages should be broadcasted without delay and lost. However, the congestion control strategies do not differentiate between the emergency and the other types of messages in critical situations. This issue is more important in the real-time safety applications. In VANETs, the safety messages are usually sent with high transmission range (power) to immediately broadcast the safety messages in a larger area and increase the number of receivers. However, when the transmission range is high, the probability of collision increases in the channels due to the increasing number of nodes that compete to acquire the channel. The transmission rate also has a significant impact on the channel saturation. When the transmission rate increases, the applications of VANETs can perform more efficiently due to updating the information. However, the channel can be saturated frequently by increasing the transmission rate. Beacon messages are a kind of safety messages that periodically broadcast some information about the vehicles, including position, velocity, and direction. These messages are transferred in the control channel. Due to the high beaconing rate in high vehicle density, the control channel may face overloading as well as congestion. On the other hand, by decreasing the beaconing rate, the operation of safety applications encounters many challenges due to failure in receiving the beacon message and updated information.
A Review of Congestion Control Techniques in VANET
2015
The problem of congestion in Vehicular Ad-Hoc Network is a widely researched problem and draws attention of many researchers in recent years. Many effective algorithms have been proposed and implemented by the researchers and their merits and demerits have been discussed. The challenge lies in developing an algorithm which can effectively transfer the message between base stations and the vehicles. The paper presented gives an overview of the techniques used to solve the problem of message passing from one vehicle to the other such that the packet loss must be reduced. This paper also presents a comprehensive review of the various techniques and the advantages and challenges of those techniques. Finally the paper ends with the brief discussion about the optimal route calculation strategies for the vehicles which needs to be explored further.
Congestion Control Approach by Dynamically Adjusting the Load of Beacon Messages in VANET
2017
The prime goal of Vehicular Ad hoc Network (VANET) is to provide life safety on the road. To achieve this, vehicles make use of two types of safety messages one is Periodic safety messages (beacons) to exchange status information e.g. position, speed etc. and second one is Event-driven messages to broadcast in case of an emergency situations e.g. accidents, hardbraking etc. The main objective of congestion control in VANET is to best exploit the available network resources while preventing sustained overloads of network nodes and links. Appropriate congestion control mechanisms are essential to provide efficient operation of a network. Ensuring congestion control within vehicular ad hoc networks faces special challenges, due to the specificities of such environment (high mobility of nodes, high rate of topology changes, high variability in nodes density and neighborhood configuration, broadcast communication nature, etc.). In this context, we present a congestion control approach, t...
2020
Vehicle ad-hoc network has been designed to improve traffic safety application by enabling vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) or vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication. In VANET, each and every vehicle exchanges the information among them, therefore, a high density of vehicles leads to the problem of congestion. It results in end-to-end delay and packet loss during communication. Towards the solution of these critical challenges, decentralized congestion control (DCC) mechanism has been designed by the European Telecommunication Standard Institute (ETSI). Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols have been designed to improve the real-time communication between vehicles and roadside components with minimal transmission collision. DCC is a cross-layer function located at each layer of ETSI Intelligent Transport System (ITS) protocols. DCC algorithms are intended to adapt parameters such as message-rate, data-rate, etc to enhance the congestion. Our objective ...
An Efficient Congestion Control Scheme for VANET
International journal of engineering research and technology, 2014
Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANET), which is a subclass of Mobile ad hoc networks, have recently been developed as a standard means of communication among moving vehicles because it has tremendous potential to improve vehicle and road safety, traffic efficiency. The Congestion control remains the major issue that can restrict the network performance for VANET applications due to its characteristics such as bandwidth limitation, fast change of topology and lack of central coordination. Number of solutions proposed to overcome these challenges and to reduce congestion on VANET. These solutions include congestion control algorithms, some of them based on maintaining the beacon load below certain threshold value by adjusting transmit power or transmit rate or both. Moreover, others based on utility function, carrier sense threshold or combination of them. This work proposes the congestion control scheme, which is based on beacon rate control approach for efficient use of available bandwi...
IJERT-An Efficient Congestion Control Scheme for VANET
International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology (IJERT), 2014
https://www.ijert.org/an-efficient-congestion-control-scheme-for-vanet https://www.ijert.org/research/an-efficient-congestion-control-scheme-for-vanet-IJERTV3IS081013.pdf Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANET), which is a subclass of Mobile ad hoc networks, have recently been developed as a standard means of communication among moving vehicles because it has tremendous potential to improve vehicle and road safety, traffic efficiency. The Congestion control remains the major issue that can restrict the network performance for VANET applications due to its characteristics such as bandwidth limitation, fast change of topology and lack of central coordination. Number of solutions proposed to overcome these challenges and to reduce congestion on VANET. These solutions include congestion control algorithms, some of them based on maintaining the beacon load below certain threshold value by adjusting transmit power or transmit rate or both. Moreover, others based on utility function, carrier sense threshold or combination of them. This work proposes the congestion control scheme, which is based on beacon rate control approach for efficient use of available bandwidth. Performance of proposed algorithm is evaluated over different scenarios using network simulator NS2 and it shows that the proposed method outperforms existing methods in terms of packet delivery ratio and end-to-end delay.
Time synchronization in vehicular ad-hoc networks: A survey on theory and practice
Time synchronization in communication networks provides a common time frame among all nodes, thus supporting various network functions such as message transmission, channel scheduling and resource sharing in real-time and in correct order. In vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs) for connected and automated vehicles, network nodes must be synchronized to exchange time-critical vehicle locations and warning messages for various road safety applications. However, this is challenging as the data communication systems need to achieve low latency and high reliability under the conditions of high user dynamics and density. While many synchronization techniques have been developed for general communications networks, it is necessary to understand the requirements for VANET time synchronization and the applicability of existing time synchronization techniques in VANET applications. This paper provides a survey on theory and practice of time synchronization in VANETs. It addresses some key factors in VANET time synchronization such as requirements analysis, precision, accuracy, availability, scalability and compatibility, and highlights the advantages of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) in VANET time synchronization. Through this survey, some insights are developed into existing and emerging protocols for time synchronization in VANETs.
SURVEY BASED ON ENHANCED TECHNIQUE FOR CONGESTION CONTROL IN VANET WITH SECURE COMMUNICATION
Nowadays traffic on the roads is becoming a major problem in developed cities. With the advancement in technology vehicles themselves could be used to compile and nalyse traffic data and relay it to the drivers in a format that will allow them to make smart ecisions to avoid congested areas, resulting in congestion control. Vehicular Ad-Hoc network (VANET) is one of the best solution which enables vehicle to vehicle communication. Vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANET) are a form of mobile ad-hoc networks (MANET) that provide communications between nearby vehicles and nearby fixed equipment. We present a strategy to control traffic congestion with the help of vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and vehicle to infrastructure (V2I) communication. This is achieved by transmission of messages which alerts the drivers about possible traffic breakdown. The message transmitted will guide the driver so as to take the decision needed to control the traffic congestion.
IJERT-Efficient Mechanism for Congestion Control and Bandwidth Utilization of VANET
International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology (IJERT), 2014
https://www.ijert.org/efficient-mechanism-for-congestion-control-and-bandwidth-utilization-of-vanet https://www.ijert.org/research/efficient-mechanism-for-congestion-control-and-bandwidth-utilization-of-vanet-IJERTV3IS050698.pdf Vehicular Ad hoc Networks (VANET) play an important Vehicle to Vehicle (V to V) communication systems in which the vehicles/nodes are individually communicate with each other based on broadcast transmission scheme and deliver traffic information to each other. Due to the high mobility and the resulting highly dynamic network topology, congestion control will need to be performed in a decentralized and self-organized way, locally in each VANET node. The vehicles act directly as a sensor which measures the traffic condition at their current location. This information is analyzed and distributed within the VANET in a large area and allows each vehicle to keep track of the local traffic situation. This paper has presents a novel concept for congestion control and packet forwarding in VANET. The proposed technique is limited the broadcasting of traffic status by monitoring the number of neighbors around the radio range. It means that the traffic status is only forwarded to successor node and receives from the node which is just ahead from follower node. This technique reduces the unnecessary traffic information and reduces the possibility of congestion in network. The proposed technique performance is measured with the normal VANET scenario in V to V communication and the simulation results are shows that the performance of proposed scheme are provides the better performance and improves the network performance with efficient bandwidth utilization.