As humanity copes through a pandemic (original) (raw)
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From epidemic to pandemic covid-19 world crisis!
The Journal of Dental Panacea, 2021
There is a new public health crises threatening the world with the emergence and spread of 2019 novel corona virus (2019-nCoV) The virus originated in bats and was transmitted to humans through yet unknown intermediary animals in Wuhan, Hubei province, China in December 2019.It caused a total of 80,868 confirmed cases and 3101 deaths in Chinese mainland until March 8, 2020. This novel virus spread mainly through respiratory droplets and close contact. According to the current pandemic situation the worldwide report of death due to COVID-19 is 165,877,654, cases confirmed and 3,445,463 death and 146,583,420 recovered. The symptoms are usually fever, cough, sore throat, breathlessness, fatigue, malaise among others. The disease is mild in most people; in some, usually the elderly and those with comorbidities, it may progress to pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and multi organ dysfunction. As COVID-19 has triggered enormous human casualties and serious economic los...
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The new coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), was declared a pandemic on 11 March 2020 by the World Health Organization (WHO). The impacts of COVID-19 have changed over the past year globally. There were 116 million confirmed cases of COVID-19 in more than 220 countries, including 2.5 million deaths, as reported at the end of the first week of March 2021. Throughout this time, different variants of SARS-CoV-2 have emerged. In early March, the United States of America (USA) led in both confirmed cases and casualties, while India followed in the number of confirmed cases and Brazil in the number of deaths. Vaccines are available in the USA and worldwide to help combat COVID-19. The level of preparedness among multisectoral communities played a role in transmission rates; therefore, lessons learned from past outbreaks, alongside this pandemic, are crucial in establishing policies and regulations to reduce and/or prevent the spread. This narrative literature review provides an update on the global spread of the COVID-19 outbreak, and the current impact of the pandemic 1-year after the declaration, preparedness, and mitigation efforts since the outbreak.
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COVID19 starting as an epidemic last year (2019) from Wuhan, China got converted into a pandemic within months with its devastating ravages throughout the world. The pandemic and its spread with its severity affected both poor and rich countries equally, which had a larger population. The measures taken by China, though, were initially challenged and even termed against the 'human rights' for the complete lockdown but soon were adopted by many countries. Suddenly, the need for ICUs and ventilators in them jumped throughout the world 1 , the value and demand for doctors, especially the clinicians managing the emergencies was brought to the limelight ; all types of borders within and between the countries were closed for any movements and above all the social media became active with all the myths, misinformation and warnings about COVID19. The WHO, amidst all this chaos, took up the steering role for addressing and managing the pandemic. Various SoPs (standard Operating Procedures) were prepared, which by and large focused on a) social distancing b) wearing masks, and c) cleaning or sanitizing the hands regularly. 2 Suddenly, the soaps, sanitizers, and masks became expensive to the extent that at many places, they were not available. All the intuitions or areas where there was a potential of the larger gathering were closed, including offices, educational intuitions, markets, malls, and even parks and playgrounds were closed. Initially, it meant getting locked at home or getting necessary essential items, including food from someone else, or taking the risk of going out and getting these essential items. The various scientists related to Pathology/virology, public health experts, and health policy and planners also joined the bandwagon to address this pandemic. All the businesses, both local and international, plunged, and countries showed a downward trend. 3 Each
Covid-19: A Review of the Relentless Pandemic Ever
International Journal of Innovative Research in Medical Science, 2020
This article highlights key facts about the recent ongoing relentless pandemic of SARS-COV2 virus causing the disease COVID 19.On 31 December 2019, WHO was alerted to a cluster of pneumonia patients in Wuhan City, Hubei Province of China. WHO first declared it as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) under International Health Regulations (2005) on 30th January and finally it was designated as “Pandemic” on 11th March 2020 when majority of European countries, western pacific region, region of America and south-east Asia was adversely affected. The pandemic has caused almost 20 lakh confirmed cases globally with 1,23,000 deaths making it one of the worst pandemics of this time. The developed countries have been adversely affected with massive load on their health care system and unavailability of proper protective equipment’s for the frontline workers followed by unavailability of any vaccine or treatment for this disease. Social distancing, Hand hygiene and wear...
COVID-19 pandemic wave: A global struggle and ways to control
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COVID-19 is currently world's most dangerous disease. According to the latest worldometer data, COVID-19 has infected almost 22 million people living across the world, since its outbreak in January 2020. Out of the 22 million, 0.77 million had died and over 14 million have recovered; and more than 64 thousands of people are living at critical condition. It has greatly affected normal lives of the people, free movement, social interaction, education, business and many more. Every nation is paying full attention on fi ght against the disease. This review is a brief highlight on this current issue and discuss on how we can overcome this raging transmission of COVID-19.
JAMA, 2022
, the World Health Organization (WHO) Country Office in China reported novel "viral pneumonias of unknown cause" in Wuhan, but China did not confirm case clusters until January 3, 2020. Two years later, more than 285 million cases and 5.4 million deaths have been reported. As of December 2021, more than 800 000 COVID-19 deaths have occurred in the US, surpassing the 675 446 total deaths that occurred during the great influenza pandemic of 1918. The COVID-19 pandemic reduced global economic growth by an estimated 3.2% in 2020, with trade declining by 5.3%; an estimated 75 million people entered extreme poverty, with 80 million more undernourished compared with prepandemic levels. 1 Although the COVID-19 and 1918 influenza pandemics stand alone in morbidity and mortality, evidence suggests the frequency of infectious disease emergencies will increase. What lessons does COVID-19 teach to advance preparedness, detection, and response?
Trajectory of the COVID-19 pandemic: chasing a moving target
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The spread of COVID-19 has already taken a pandemic form, affecting over 180 countries in a matter of three months. The full continuum of disease ranges from mild, self-limiting illness to severe progressive COVID-19 pneumonia, multiorgan failure, cytokine storm and death. Younger and healthy population is now getting affected than before. Possibilities of airborne and fecal oral routes of transmission has increased the concern. In the absence of any specific therapeutic agent for coronavirus infections, the most effective manner to contain this pandemic is probably the non-pharmacological interventions (NPIs). The damage due to the pandemic disease is multifaceted and crippling to economy, trade, and health of the citizens of the countries. The extent of damage in such scenarios is something that is beyond calculation by Gross Domestic Product rate or currency value of the country. Unfortunately, unlike many other diseases, we are still away from the target antiviral drug and vaccine for severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2) infection. The prime importance of NPIs like social distancing, staying in home, work from home, self-monitoring, public awareness, self-quarantine, etc. are constantly being emphasized by CDC, WHO, health ministries of all countries and social media houses. This is time of introspection and learning from our mistakes. Countries like China and South Korea who were initially the most hit countries could contain the disease spread by liberal testing of their population, stringent quarantine of people under investigation and isolation of the positive cases. Rest of the countries need to act urgently as well to bring an immediate halt in the community transmission.