Public Expenditures Through Public Procurement (original) (raw)
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This study aims at investigating and assessing the efficiency of the public procurement system and its main factors in the Republic of Kosovo. For this purpose, we collect data for a random sample of 243 economic operators (companies) eligible to benefit from public funds. We analyzed the data using descriptive analysis as well as econometric modeling, and we have used classical and ordinal logistic (o-logit) econometric models. In the absence of a direct indicator, the efficiency of procurement is measured by two proxy variables, discrimination-tendering criteria and a favor made to specific companies to win tenders, by their average as a third optional variable. Discrimination and favor are found to be present to a large extent, meaning that efficiency is very low. Among the major factors of the low efficiency of public procurement were political intervention, the non-transparency of the procurement process, a lack of capacity to implement procurement legislation and manage contracts, corruption and insufficient knowledge about procurement. Based on these results, important implications would lie in introducing measures for enhancing transparency, improving legislation, recruiting especially qualified staff or providing continuous training for the current procurement staff as well as improving the motivation of the staff to properly implement legislation and manage the procurement contracts.
Procurement Phases in the Process of Procurement in Kosovo
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Critical studies of the procurement process in Kosova, and comparisons with the best European and worldwide experiences, are a good base for developing an efficient procurement system. I conducted a Survey in the Office of Procurement. A particular part of the work has been dedicated to procurement procedures. Comprehensive Study of Procurement in Kosovo based on facts and statistical indexes figured through statistical software SPSS, MINITAB, EXEL (highlights author of study), created easiness in compiling of this study. Evidences proceeded at the program created possibility for real reflection in the procurement field, experiences, difficulties and problems as well as Law deformation of Procurement Institution in Kosova. The objective of study was double: First, focusing on empirical studies and few pioneer experiences in the field of procurement, in the years 2000-2006 which showed the reality of the situation - personal experiences, failures and actions or events beyond their co...
Public Procurement in Serbia in the Conditions of Global Economic Crisis
The paper deals with the analysis of volume, structure and value of public procurement in Serbia with special attention paid to quantification of public procurement impact in the conditions of global economic crisis. Namely, public procurement could be an instrument for big savings of budgetary money during the lasting of global economic crisis. One widespread model of savings is through centralization of public procurement. Another aspect relevant for savings in this area is strengthening of monitoring/control function that would lead to cost reduction. Usage of IT solutions in procurement is also very popular and promoted by EU and other donors. It is implemented through different IT-based concepts called e-procurement. For public procurement transparency is of utmost importance. Transparency of procurement procedure is fundamental mechanism for influencing stakeholders in procurement process together with provision of efficient competition among bidders. Accordingly, the procedures characterised with adequate transparency and highest possible competition create conditions that are very close to those that exist when an individual is buying with its own resources. The role of the state is inevitable in this area. By creating preconditions for free, non-discriminatory and competitive contest among the bidders, the state makes the most advantageous purchases, acquiring the best value-for-money. Transparency, free functioning competition and legal certainty in this field diminish the overall business risk in the country, thus making it more attractive to foreign companies and investors that will have significant effect to the dynamics of the future economic development in Serbia. In addition to this, the state should positively influence the procurement system by establishing adequate regulatory and institutional framework accompanied by permanent improvement of coordination mechanisms among the key stakeholders in the system. And the last but not the least, education/professionalization in public procurement plays a very important role in strategic development of a well-functioning public procurement system.
Technical Parts For Application E-Procurement in the Republic of Kosovo
Electronic procurement in the Republic of Kosovo has begun in 2012, had it not been for the accomplishment goals and development and implementation of electronic procurement in the Republic of Kosovo fully realized. e-Procurement is not only the publication of procurement results, but is a reflection of a defined legal process on procurement. The Internet are presented records of all claims, also via the Internet can be sent to all offers. Research: Through management system throughout the procurement process electronically will enable the preservation of technical and financial evaluation of bids. Thus, the presentation of this process in a transparent manner increases the reliability and efficiency. Method: Also through the management system of this process, according to the rights defined by law, each party can see the appeal process and remotely via the Internet. Implementation of e-procurement will enable the removal of barriers that were presented earlier, increasing the confidence of all parties involved. Access will be granted to all interested parties by allowing the approaches to the law, while in the case of restrictions should use electronic identification (e-ID). Result: The categorization of approaches will be for each separately, including contracting authority, contractors, bidders, complainers, the proxies of budgetary units, auditors and other categories defined under applicable laws. Security of information in e-procurement will be the maximum. As with any other service access to e-procurement will be provided through the state portal.
The Efficiency of Public Procurement in the Republic of Kosovo: an Econometric Approach
Ekonomika
This study aims at investigating and assessing the efficiency of the public procurement system and its main factors in the Republic of Kosovo. For this purpose, we collect data for a random sample of 243 economic operators (companies) eligible to benefit from public funds. We analyzed the data using descriptive analysis as well as econometric modeling, and we have used classical and ordinal logistic (o-logit) econometric models. In the absence of a direct indicator, the efficiency of procurement is measured by two proxy variables, discrimination-tendering criteria and a favor made to specific companies to win tenders, by their average as a third optional variable. Discrimination and favor are found to be present to a large extent, meaning that efficiency is very low. Among the major factors of the low efficiency of public procurement were political intervention, the non-transparency of the procurement process, a lack of capacity to implement procurement legislation and manage contracts, corruption and insufficient knowledge about procurement. Based on these results, important implications would lie in introducing measures for enhancing transparency, improving legislation, recruiting especially qualified staff or providing continuous training for the current procurement staff as well as improving the motivation of the staff to properly implement legislation and manage the procurement contracts.
The Republic of Serbia is facing major challenges in the process of harmonization of its public procurement regulation with the current EU regulations. By signing the Stabilization and Association Agreement with the EU, Serbia devoted itself to harmonizing national legislation in this area with the EU acquis (asquiscommunautaire), as well as to applying these rules. The aim of this study is to determine the ability of local self-governments, as one of the most important parts of the state apparatus, to carry out procurement procedures in accordance with the rules of the European Union. For this purpose, a research was conducted in several pilot municipalities of different sizes and development levels. As a result, the research determined that local self-governments are to a large extent able to carry out procurement procedures in accordance to the rules defined by the EU Directives, but there is a need for further capacity building of the personnel, organization, and especially of the technical capacity, in order to ensure effective and transparent public procurements. The limitation of this study is the size of research sample, but also a very short period for the implementation of the new Serbian Law on Public Procurement. In the end of the study conclusions were made which can be applied in the practice of public procurement procedures of local self-governments, and therefore they are extremely useful for state authorities of the Republic of Serbia, notably for the Public procurement office.