Subclinical Hypothyroidism and Its Effect on Pregnancy Outcome (original) (raw)

Abstract

A prospective analytical study was done on Eight hundred sixty nine antenatal women with singleton pregnancy at 36-38 weeks of gestation. Apart from history taking and examination maternal serum TSH and FT4 were measured. Thirty five subclinical hypothyroid mothers were noted and they were compared with 105 euthyroid pregnant women as control matched to the case in relation to age parity and ethnicity. Mother was followed up till discharge from hospital. Newborn weight, Apgar score and serum TSH after 48 hours of birth to 7 days was measured. Maternal obstetrical and perinatal outcomes were noted. The prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism was 4.38%. Adverse maternal outcome in subclinical hypothyroidism was associated with preeclampsia (17.14 vs. 1.90%), placental abruption (8.57 vs. 0.95%) as compared to euthyroid pregnant women. Adverse fetal outcome in subclinical hypothyroidism includes LBW (33.33 vs. 26.67%), IUGR (14.29 vs.0.95), still born (14.29 vs. 0.00%), jaundice (13.33 vs. 1.90%), and RDS (10.00 vs. 0.95%) as opposed to euthyroid women. Subclinical hypothyroidism associated with pregnancy can result in poor obstetric outcome and neonatal complications occur more frequently.

Key takeaways

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  1. Subclinical hypothyroidism prevalence in pregnancy is 4.38%, impacting maternal and fetal outcomes significantly.
  2. Adverse maternal outcomes include increased rates of preeclampsia (17.14%) and placental abruption (8.57%).
  3. Fetal complications in subclinical hypothyroidism include low birth weight (LBW) at 33.33% and stillbirth at 14.29%.
  4. The study highlights the need for universal screening of subclinical hypothyroidism during pregnancy to mitigate risks.
  5. The study involved 869 antenatal women, with a case-control ratio of 1:3 comparing subclinical hypothyroid and euthyroid women.

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References (12)

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FAQs

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What prevalence rate of subclinical hypothyroidism was found in this study?add

The study identified a prevalence rate of 4.38% for subclinical hypothyroidism among pregnant women.

How do pregnancy outcomes differ between subclinical hypothyroid and euthyroid women?add

Subclinical hypothyroidism was significantly associated with preeclampsia (17.14% vs. 1.9%) and stillbirth (14.29% vs. 0%).

What methodology was used to evaluate thyroid levels in pregnant women?add

Serum TSH levels were measured using a solid-phase immunometric assay in the study.

What are the significant associations of subclinical hypothyroidism in pregnancy?add

Preeclampsia, placental abruption, and intrauterine growth restriction were significantly associated with subclinical hypothyroidism.

How was the sample size determined for this study?add

This study enrolled 800 antenatal mothers, with a case-control ratio of 1:3 for analysis.