Climate change impacts in Rajasthan: A mitigation approach (original) (raw)
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Climate Change Mitigation Strategies- An Overview of Rajasthan
isara solutions, 2013
Climate change is attributed directly or indirectly to human activities that alter the composition of the global atmosphere. Climate change is primarily influenced by the Green House Gases CO2, Ozone, Methane and Nitrous Oxides. Main cause of climate change is deforestation which leads to loss of carbon stored in soil and vegetation to the atmosphere and affects the global carbon cycle. In this paper, the author has highlighted the effects of climate change on Rajasthan’s farmers and people who depend heavily on livestock. Climate change in Rajasthan intensifies the variability of monsoon leading to rise in extreme seasonal changes such as devastating floods in 2005 as well as frequent scant rainfall and prolonged droughts. Some mitigation strategies to tackle the effects of climate change on agriculture, water resources, land resources and human health have also been framed.
INDIA AND CLIMATE CHANGE: A SPECIAL REFERENCE TO NATIONAL ACTION PLAN ON CLIMATE CHANGE
The proposed study is to broadly analyzethe issues of climate change in the country and to find out that how such issues are highlighted and addressed by the Government side through various policy level measures, plans and programmes.The concept of climate change has got the attention of world and international organizations in the 1970s through various declarations. These include the first world climate conference (1979) followed by setting up Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) in 1988, Rio Summit of 1992, Kyto Protocol (1997), The Marrakesh accord (2001), Copenhagen Accord (2009) and the Doha Amendment of 2012 at the international level. At the national level India has started various policies and plans towards environment and climate change since the 1970s. Indian wildlife Protection Act (1972) followed by the national Forest Policy (1988), control of Biodiversity Act (1992) and National Environmental Policy (2006) are some of the key initiatives as to address the environment and climate change issues at the national level.It would be appropriate to mention that the Government of India through its various constitutional measures has highlighted the importance of environmental policy and climate change. The Constitution of India through its Directive Principles of State Policy, (Article 48) and Fundamental duties (Article 51-A) haveled down the importance in this perspective of environment and climate change. The first ever systematic and serious attempts to address the issues of climate at the national level has been taken by the Government of India through the National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC) in 2008. Hence, 2008 is an important landmark for India in the history of climate change in the 21 st century. The research while focusing on climate change scenario in India primarily emphasizes on the National Action Plan on Climate Change by analyzing various policy measures, schemes, plans and programmes. The study further deals with the gap in the policy formulation and implementation with a critical review to the India's most effective and systematic policy document on climate change. Introduction: Climate change is one of the most important global environment challenges that the humanity is facing today. The changes in the climate has implications for Food Production, Water Supply, Health and Energy, etc. It is to be noted that addressing climate change requires a set of things which may include a good scientific understanding as well as coordinated action at ―Regional, National and Global Level‖. Climate change has enough potential to derail the current growth strategies and can also deepen poverty. The Climate Change Action Plan is one of the innovative plan which directly aims to address the issues of climate change both at the national and state level. To address the issues of climate change through the direction by Government of India through its ministries the initiation of two plans started. The plans include the National action Plan on Climate Change 1 (2008) and subsequently with the direction by the Central Government each state were given the task of formulating their respective State Action Plan on Climate Change (SAPCC). The effects of climate change can be addressed through two policies such as adaptation policy and mitigation policy. Adaptation means adopt to the effects of climate change. It is basically a policy which is primarily anticipating the adverse effects of climate change and taking appropriate action to prevent, minimize or reduce the damage they can cause, or taking advantage of opportunities that may arise. The examples of adaptation measures includes using water resources more efficiently, adapting building codes according to future climate conditions and extreme weather events 2 , changing crop patterns according to availability of water, expansion of forestry (through
Impact of Climate Change in the Southern Rajasthan, India
2013
2 Abstract: Climate change is one of the greatest challenges of our time. Fossil fuel burning and deforestation have emerged as principal anthropogenic sources of rising atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO ) and other 2 green-house gases and consequential global warming. Rajasthan, the largest state of India area-wise falls within the areas of great climate sensitivity. The vicissitudes of climate are likely to have a considerable impact on the physical and socio- economic fabric of the state. In more recent times, Rajasthan has experienced severe and frequent spells of droughts than any other region in India. The Aravalli hill region of South Rajasthan served its area and the people as a rich resource area providing forest products; fuel wood; fodder; timber; water through springs, streams and rivers; minerals, rich forest clad habitat; safe and secured locations to former rulers and their public. The environmental status has changed alarmingly during last six decades with ruthless dest...
CLIMATE CHANGE: IMPACTS AND MITIGATION STRATEGIES IN VARIOUS INDIAN SECTORS
India's total GHG emission in 2012 is around 1.5 GtCO 2 e which is 4.25% of the world's average. Scientific community believe that global warming is directly attributable to rise in GHG emission. Climate change is one of the most violent threats that the country is facing today. India is a large growing economy with around 228 million hectare of geographical area which covers a coast line area of nearly 7500km, with this nearly 700 million rural population directly depends on various climatic sensitive sectors, which makes it the most susceptible country to climate change .This will have a severe implication on agriculture, Bio diversity, Ecosystem, Health, Energy security, water resources, etc. In this context this article seeks to examine the impact of climate change in various sector of Indian livelihood. This paper also assesses the various mitigation strategies to tackle global warming .
SOCIAL PERCEPTIONS OF CLIMATE CHANGE IN RAJASTHAN STATE, INDIA
India's climate is both diverse and changing. The south experiences tropical climate, through to more temperature conditions to the alpine regions of the north where elevated areas receives sustained winter snowfall. India is faced with the challenge of sustaining its rapid economic growth while dealing with the global threat of climate change. This threat emanates from accumulated greenhouse gas emissions in the atmosphere, anthropogenically generated through long-term and intensive industrial growth and high consumption lifestyles in developed countries. While engaged with the international community to collectively and cooperatively deal with this threat, India needs a national strategy to firstly, adapt to climate change and secondly, to further enhance the ecological sustainability of India's development path. Climate change may alter the distribution and quality of India's natural resources and adversely affect the livelihood of its people. With an economy closely tied to its natural resource base and climate-sensitive sectors such as agriculture, water and forestry, India may face a major threat because of the projected changes in climate. India's development path is based on its unique resource endowments, the overriding priority of economic and social development and poverty eradication, and its adherence to its civilization legacy that places a high value on the environment and the maintenance of ecological balance. In charting out a developmental pathway which is ecologically sustainable, India has a wider spectrum of choices precisely because it is at an early stage of development. Our vision is to create a prosperous, but not wasteful society, an economy that is self-sustaining in terms of its ability to unleash the creative energies of our people and is mindful of our responsibilities to both present and future generations. Recognizing that climate change is a global challenge, India will engage actively in multilateral negotiations in the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, in a positive, constructive and forward-looking manner. Our objective will be to establish an effective, cooperative and equitable global approach based on the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities, enshrined in the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). Such an approach must be based on a global vision inspired by Mahatma Gandhi's wise dictum—the earth has enough resources to meet people's needs, but will never have enough to satisfy people's greed. Thus we must not only promote sustainable production processes, but equally, sustainable lifestyles across the globe. Our approach must also be compatible with our role as a responsible and enlightened member of the international community, ready to make our contribution to the solution of a global challenge, which impacts on humanity as a whole. The success of our national efforts would be significantly enhanced provided the developed countries affirm their responsibility for accumulated greenhouse gas emissions and fulfill their commitments under the UNFCCC, to transfer new and additional financial resources and climate friendly technologies to support both adaptation and mitigation in developing countries. We are
2014
Nodal agencies identified for implementation Department of Environment and Climate Change (with dedicated Climate Change Cell proposed). CC Cell proposed in each line Department for sector level coordination; Functional committees proposed at Not defined as yet Odisha Climate Change Agency proposed in the SAPCC as a "single window contact" and will have advisory, supervisory, and coordinating role on climate change issues The Coordinating nodal agency Department of Environment & Forests (?) Department of Environment & Forests (?) 18 An example is R&T workshops of the South Asia Network for Development and Environmental Economics; at the international level we have the example of IIASA's programme for doctoral students BAIF Development Research Foundation Ongoing Maharashtra No. of micro watersheds-144 Cum. Area-57715 ha No. of Villages-442 Cum. benefitted families-36367 Bihar No. of micro watersheds-5 Cum. Area-5623 ha No. of Villages-41 Cum. benefitted families-8316 Chhattisgarh No. of micro watersheds-4 Cum. Area-3862 ha No. of Villages-36 Cum. benefitted families-347
Vulnerability and adaptation to climate change in Rajasthan
Ekonomski anali
Climate change is a globally challenging phenomenon that is particularly distressing for the agricultural sector, as agricultural products and productivity depend on the climate. This study analyses agricultural households? perception of climate change and the adaption strategies undertaken to mitigate it. A purposive random sampling technique is used to collect primary data from a survey conducted in the arid and semi-arid regions of Rajasthan, India. The study employs logistic regression to identify the determinants of the perception of climate change and adaptation strategies, while a livelihood vulnerability index is constructed to indicate households? degree of vulnerability, focusing especially on adaptive capacity. Out of the total sample of 600 households analysed, 534 perceive a long-term change in the climate. Farmers? adaptation strategies include crop diversification, mixed cropping, crop rotation, and farm ponds. The major factors affecting adaptation are the educationa...
Climate Change and Rural Livelihoods -adaptation and vulnerability in Rajasthan
Issue 1, 2015
natural resources, is already experiencing the effects of climate change. The region’s climate is projected to become harsher, with increased average temperatures, intensity of rainfall events, and increased variability in space & time of monsoon rains being consistently projected for the region. Without action in the form of adaptation of social, human, economic, and natural resource management systems, these weather changes are predicted to result in decreasing surface and ground water availability, flash floods, degradation of soil resources, decrease in crop yields, greater vulnerability to crop pest outbreaks, and declines in forest and pastureland ecosystem goods and services, thus rendering agricultural and herding communities extremely vulnerable to weather related losses of life, livelihood, and food security. In Rajasthan, government is focussing for sustainable development and climate change adaptation by finding and administering alternative methods to deal with issues o...
Climate Change Strategies and Developing Nations: Prospects and Priorities for India
S. Nautiyal et al. (eds.), Climate Change Challenge (3C) and Social-Economic-Ecological Interface-Building, Environmental Science, 2016
It is now accepted by the majority of people that climate change due to human activities is going to be a reality in the very near future, and that we may even currently be seeing some of the early manifestations in the form of increased fluctuations in weather and related phenomena, frequent extremes like excess rainfall leading to floods or deficiencies resulting in droughts, accelerated melting of glaciers and so on. It is no longer easy to ignore the warning signs that human pressure on the environment and natural resources is at unprecedented levels, and the damage to property and lives is also becoming unacceptably high because of the high populations, huge amount of built infrastructure, high financial stakes in extractive industries and so on. All this leads to a heightened concern to find ways to reduce or slow down the impacts of climate change through mitigative and adaptive measures. As can be seen from successive international meetings on climate change, agreement has still not been reached on the balance between gross and per capita consumption of environmental resources and the concomitant obligations to the world at large of each country. A developing country like India is faced with the twin problems of low per capita consumption levels (which demands a manyfold stepping up of use of natural