A Critical Discourse Analysis of the Left and Right Wing Ideologies in Pakistani English Newspaper Editorials (original) (raw)
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Ideology in Media: A Critical Discourse Analysis of Political Statements in Pakistani Newspapers
Ideology in Media: A Critical Discourse Analysis of Political Statements in Pakistani Newspapers
Media plays an important role in making relationships between the public and statesmen. Statesmen are intended to propagate their ideologies to the situation in favor of them. Politicians try to make the situation as favoring them and false for opponents through political statements. Political ideologies are constructed and deconstructed through the loaded statements to produce public opinion towards a specific group or person. Current study is made in this perspective to analyze the political statements of the politicians regarding specific situations. The study is qualitative and is conducted to highlight the underlying political ideologies presented in the political statements. To explore the underlying power and hidden ideologies, approach of CDA is of Fairclough (2010) and Van Dijk (2001) 's CDA approach have been adopted as tools of data analysis. The results of the study describe that political statements and the terms are fully loaded with the ideologies and the power stretches. Every party is intended to win the favour of the people with the legitimated and the favoring terms which are acceptable for the public.
Language is an influential instrument which can control people's points of view. Newspapers are considered as one of the effective means to transfer information.This study has been planned to investigate Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) approach to the representation of ideology in three main English newspapers published in Iran, namely Tehran Times, Iran Daily, and Iran News. The aim of this study is to see how the discourse features are manipulated in the construction of the content of the social issues and to recognize the ideology reproduced by the print media. To achieve the aim, the theory and procedures of CDA as well as three aspects of the macro-structural level and three facets of the micro-structural level of discourse of both headlines and news stories were analyzed .The findings of the present study imply that media not only express societal events and realities but also mark clearly the ideologies behind the specific news. The results of the content analysis also reveal that there are slight differences between the content of these twelve news articles in terms of the macro-and micro-structural levels of discourse features.
Veiled Ideologies: A Critical Discourse Analysis of Indian and Pakistani Newspaper Editorials
PAKISTAN LANGUAGES AND HUMANITIES REVIEW, 2021
The present study focuses on the more than half century old issue, the Kashmir conflict to make the Indian and the Pakistani media ideologies more visible and study them in a microscopic mode. It not only brings the Indo-Pak ideologies over Kashmir in spotlight but also sheds light on how those ideologies are projected and defended through the language use. In order to analyze the role of media discourse within geo-political scenario, 6 newspapers editorials have been analyzed 3 from Pakistani newspapers and 3 from Indian newspapers. Editorials published from July, 2016 to November, 2016 have been selected purposively. The Van Dijk's (2000) model related to ideology and discourse has been chosen as the theoretical framework. The analysis shows that all the editorials are loaded with veiled ideologies. Furthermore, the study reveals that conflicting and opposite ideologies are constructed in newspaper editorials written across the border.
A COMPARATIVE DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF PAKISTANI ENGLISH AND URDU NEWSPAPERS' HEADLINES
-Palarch’s Journal of Archaeology of Egypt/Egyptology 18(4), 2021
The present study aims to explore the discourse presented in the headlines of Pakistani Urdu and English newspaper about a specific news event-Panama Leaks. In this regard, it investigated whether the discourse and the policy of the media is manipulated by the powerful groups of Pakistani society. It has conducted comparative analysis of the discourse of two Urdu and two English Pakistani newspapers' headlines about Panama Leaks. The collected data is analyzed qualitatively in terms of textual and contextual analysis using the tools of page layout, transitivity, word choice, referential strategies (framing), ideological standpoints, and comparativesynchronic analysis. The findings reveal a disparity in the presentation of media event by Urdu and English newspapers. The study found out that media discourse may not always represent public opinion as it may be exploited to support a particular perspective of the government. In contrast, certain newspapers may also use media discourse to expose the real intentions of the government in a particular news event. The study suggests that it is necessary to expose this exploitation to avoid the manipulation of public opinion and also to provide people with an unbiased and fair news information.
Editorials of Pakistani English Print Media: Application of CDA
International Journal of Linguistics, 2012
The analysis aims to identify and explain how ideology is constructed and presented through language used in two Pakistani newspapers, viz., the Nation and the Dawn. Emphasis is placed on the construction of ideology using framework of analyzing media discourse given by van Dijk (1998) thus revealing the close relationship between language and ideology. The findings indicate that lexical choices and sentence structure in written text play a fundamental role in propagation and perpetuation of implicit and dominant ideologies and that there are certain ideological differences that are yielded either tacitly or overtly in newspaper editorials. The article is divided into four sections. The first section includes the introduction of the newspaper editorial. The next two sections describe what critical discourse analysis is, framework of Van Dijk"s media discourse model, brief history of the newspaper under investigation and an analysis of the data. The last section offers concluding remarks about the association between language and ideology.
Discourse and Rhetoric: A Study of Pakistani English Newspapers' Editorials
Discourse and Rhetoric: A Study of Pakistani English Newspapers' Editorials, 2018
This particular study aims at exploring the use of rhetorical devices from the editorials of Pakistani English newspapers. For this purpose, data was collected from three Pakistani English newspapers The News, Dawn, and The Nation. Using purposive sampling technique, 36 editorials were selected; 12 editorials from each newspaper, which were published on the coverage of Panama Leaks from April 2016 to December 2016. In order to find out the answers of research questions, mixed method approach was applied. Findings revealed that the editorial writers have employed eight rhetorical devices namely Parallelism, Antithesis, Simile, Metonymy, Hyperbole, Metaphor, Neologism and Rhetorical question commonly in their individual discourse to persuade the readers, while Oxymoron and Allusion were rarely used. Results of Chi-Square revealed statistically significant frequency differences in the use of rhetorical devices. The total frequency of Rhetorical devices was found higher in Dawn as compared to The News and The Nation. Metonymy was found most frequently used rhetorical device in three newspapers. Hyperbole was second and rhetorical question was third frequently used rhetorical device in three newspapers. From the perspective of pedagogy, the results of current study can provide English foreign language teachers and students with the knowledge about the use of rhetoric in the genre of newspapers' editorials. Therefore, editorials can be used as a source for writing persuasive and argumentative essays. This study would be helpful for general masses to make them aware that how the use of rhetoric in newspaper's discourse manipulate them according to the desired ideologies of Newspapers. This Research would also be valuable for the future researchers, especially for those who are interested in exploring the newspaper discourse, with particular focus on the genre of Editorial, as they can further explore the use of rhetoric in comparison to foreign newspapers' editorials.
AkiNik Publications, 2019
This research evaluates the report of major bomb blasts in Balochistan. It analyzes how national and regional print media of Pakistan is handling and reporting certain terrorist events. One English and Urdu newspapers from national and one each from regional newspapers have been selected (English Dawn and Urdu Jang are national and English The Baluchistan Times and Urdu The Zammana are regional newspapers). Word of newspaper is the unit of analysis. To conduct this pilot research, the period from January 1, 2015 to April 30, 2015, has been chosen. The sample of national Urdu Jang is of six months because this newspaper covers very less news items regarding Balochistan. This is a comparative study. To reveal the ideology behind the selection of words by fours newspapers, Critical Discourse Analysis method is used. Corpora of four newspapers were collected. Corpora of four newspapers were analyzed by Word Smith Tools 6.0. News discourse regarding terrorism in Balochistan was constructed differently by four newspapers as a result of their clashing ideologies. First, although the three corpora shared a lot of commonalities in word frequency, differences still exist in several high ranking lemmas. On one hand, words such as "Balochi" and "terrorism" ranked similarly in the three corpora's lexical frequency lists; on the other hand, the frequencies of the lemma "BLA/BRA" were much higher in Dawn corpus than in the regional English The Baluchistan Times and Urdu daily The Zammana. Corpus indicated that the image of the BRA and BLA received more attention in the reports by Dawn than in those by three newspapers.
Critical Discourse Analysis of News Texts: A Case Study on the Operation Shah Euphrates: 1
Today’s communication technologies have maximised communication speed. This huge development in communication in international arena also paved way for the emergence of a great amount of translation need and market. Media has been among the institutions which feel this translation need most. As it is the translation of news texts for media, such institutions followed a function oriented approach to translations. That is to say, while translating a news text into any other language, the news translator or the journalist must keep the purpose of the source-text, which is to create an intended effect on source-language readers, in the target-text: to create an intended effect on the target language reader. This ‘intended effect’ of news texts has attracted the attention of discourse analysis. Thus, critical discourse analysis methods have been developed in order to explicate the ideological elements imbedded in news texts. In other words, Critical Discourse Analysis is a research method which searches for how social phenomena such as power relations, moral values, ideologies and identity definitions are reflected on individuals and social orders through linguistic structures. Determining how and to what extent these power relations, moral values, ideologies and social phenomena take place in news texts are the purposes of this study. To this end, Teun A. van Dijk’s Critical Discourse Analysis model is taken as basis for this study as it allows a detailed analysis of news texts. News texts on ‘Operation Shah – Euphrates’ dated 02.23.2015 in Turkish newspapers published in English have been selected as sample texts for analysis. Although the newspapers published in English have been taken as the main analysis material, original texts in newspapers published in Turkish have been also included to give an idea about the transfer of political language with its intended messages. At the end of the analysis, it has been observed that the news texts of Hürriyet Daily News, Today’s Zaman and Daily Sabah, whose texts are analysed, involve some ideological elements in their news texts. Moreover, the Turkish versions of these newspapers, Hürriyet, Zaman and Sabah have also been observed to involve the same ideological elements as their English versions, besides intensive national connotations. Consequently, it has been observed that newspapers utilise news texts to reproduce and popularise their own ideologies on a national scale, and sustain the same attitude in their English versions which address non-Turkish readers around the world.
Polarized Discourse in Pajhwalk and Kabul Times news
Academic Journal of Research and Scientific Publishing, 2022
The main purpose of the study is to investigate about the conceptual structures of polarized discourse coded in the reports of two online Afghan news Pajhwalk and Kabul Times, this study focuses on the online news reports relating to the peace. The main and hot issue in the news nowadays are peace in Afghanistan. This investigation probes to find answer for the following questions: Does the claim of Van Dijk’s (1998, p.33) conceptual rectangular expose the use of ‘polarized discourse’ in both sites?, If yes, is this ‘polarized discourse’ drew in positive lengthy performs like quotation patterns and labeling?. The analysis of this report is conducted within the framework of Critical Discourse Analysis. The structures of the principles of the polarized discourse are drew through quotation and patterns and labeling. This study concludes with the discussion on how both websites establish a dichotomy of ‘we’ versus ‘them’. Moreover, the reports of every site minimize the other through wh...
CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF TURKISH NEWSPAPERS PUBLISHED IN ENGLISH
Today’s communication technologies has maximised communication speed. This huge development in communication in international arena also paved way for the emergence of a great amount of translation need and market. Media has been among the institutions which needs this translation need most. As it is the translation of news texts for media, such institutions followed a function oriented approach to translations. That is to say, while translating a news text into any other language, the news translator or the journalist must keep the purpose of the source text, which is to create an intended effect on source language readers, in the target text: to create an intended effect on the target language reader. This ‘intended effect’ of news texts has attracted the attention of discourse analysis. Thus, critical discourse analysis methods have been developed in order to explicate the ideological elements imbedded in news texts. In other words, Critical Discourse Analysis is a research method which searches for how social phenomena such as power relations, moral values, ideologies and identity definitions are reflected on individuals and social orders through linguistic structures. Determining how and to what extent these power relations, moral values, ideologies and social phenomena take place in news texts is the purpose of this study. To this end, Teun A. van Dijk’s Critical Discourse Analysis model is taken as basis for this study as it allows a detailed analysis of news texts. News texts on ‘Operation Shah – Euphrates’ dated 02.23.2015 in Turkish newspapers published in English are selected as sample texts for analysis. Although the newspapers published in English are taken as the main analysis material, original texts in newspapers published in Turkish are also included to give an idea about the transfer of political language with its intended messages. At the end of the analysis, it has been observed that the news texts of Hürriyet Daily News, Today’s Zaman and Daily Sabah, of which texts are analysed, involve some ideological elements in their news texts. Moreover, the Turkish versions of these newspapers, Hürriyet, Zaman and Sabah are also observed to involve the same ideological elements, besides intensive national connotations. Consequently, it has been observed that newspapers utilise news texts to reproduce and popularise their own ideologies on a national scale, and sustained the same attitude in their English versions which address non-Turkish readers around the world.