Adaptability study of Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L) Walp.] varieties in Pastoral areas of South Omo Zone, Southern Ethiopia (original) (raw)
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Journal of Plant Breeding and Crop Science, 2017
Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) is one of the most important grain legumes in the semi-arid regions of many African countries including Ethiopia. However, it is less cultivated and scarcely distributed pulse crop in Abergelle due to a lack of improved varieties. A field experiment was conducted during the 2014 and 2015 main cropping seasons using a randomized complete block design with three replications to evaluate seven cowpea varieties for yield and yield related traits under rain-fed conditions at Abergelle Agricultural Research Center on station. Analysis of variance of data showed significantly varietal differences at P< 0.05 for days to 50% flowering; pod filling period, 90% physiological maturity, pod length and plant height, number of seeds per pod, seed yield, grain yield, biomass yield and thousand seed weight. However, no significant varietal difference was observed for harvest index. Bekur had the highest seed yield (14.85 qt.ha-1) followed by Bole (13.57 qt.ha-1), while the lowest seed yield was observed from BEB (6.71 qt.ha-1). Overall, Bekur and Bole had better performance compared to the other varieties for yield and the yield related traits. As compared to the rest, these two varieties were therefore recommended as promising varieties to the farmers of Abergelle area and other districts having the same agro-ecologies based on their optimal performance for adoption.
2018
This study was carried out to evaluate and identify adapted improved cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) (Fabaceae) varieties in southern tigray lowlands of Ethiopia. A field experiment was conducted during the 2016 and 2017 main cropping seasons using a randomized complete block design with three replications to evaluate three improved cowpea varieties for yield and yield related traits under rain-fed conditions at Mekoni Agricultural Research Center site and Kara Adisheho farmer’s field. Analysis of variance showed that all the traits measured were statistically significant at 5% level of probability except plant height. The earliest days to 90% maturity (79 days) were observed for the variety Kenkety, whereas the longest was recorded by bole variety (89.6 days). Similarly, Kenkety variety filled their seeds in a short period of time (25 days) compared to Assebot and Bole varieties (29; 32 days). The highest pooled mean grain yield was obtained from Kenkety variety (1958 kgha), ...
Asian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2016
Field experiment was conducted during 2013/14 rainy season in two selected districts of north western Ethiopia with the objective of evaluate the adaptability and yield performance of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) varieties under sole cropping. Treatments consisted of seven cowpea (TVU, Bekur, 9333, 9334, 12688, Kenkety and Black eye bean) varieties in randomized complete block design with three replication per district. Variety showed highly significance difference in their Dry Matter Yield (DMY) and the value ranged 2.07 to 4.19 t/ha. Cowpea variety 9334 showed highly significance (4.19) difference in its DMY as compared to12688 (3.09), black eye bean (2.85), TVU (2.79) and bekur (2.07t/ha). Seed yield also showed highly significance difference by variety and district. Cowpea variety 9333 gave significantly higher (1235.4kg/ha) seed yield compared to TVU (733.3), 9334 (722.9), black eye bean (511.8) and bekur 487.5 kg/ha. There was also significant variation between the number of seeds per pod obtained from kenkety and 12688 with that of most cowpea varieties. Black eye bean significantly differed from all cowpea varieties evaluated in its thousand seed weight. Based on yield data kenkety 9333 and 9334 recommended as alternative legume forage crops from cowpea varieties evaluated under sole cropping for Jabitehnan and South Achefer areas.
International Journal of Biosciences, 2024
Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) is an important legume serving multiple roles for many low-income farmers. However, its productivity remains low and discrepancies exist in selection and acceptability criteria. Including farmer-preferences could help develop adoptable varieties. This study surveyed present production practices among 64 representative smallholders to inform breeding objectives. A cross-sectional survey design was used to collect data analysed using SPSS Software version 23. Education, land, drought, seed sources, improved variety, seed availability, and pests significantly (P<0.001) affected cowpea production. Most respondents were married, aged 31-40 years, and had primary, secondary or tertiary education. About 60.9% practiced mixed cropping, while 60.9% grew cowpea with multiple crop cycles. Whereas majority relied on rain, 32.8% strongly agreed that drought determined cowpea variety adopted. Acreage cultivated was <1 acre by 84.4% respondents. Farmers named 7 insect-pests as major threats, with aphids leading (67.2%). Five diseases were major constraints, with cowpea mosaic virus leading (64.1%). Majority (68.8%) grew cowpea for dual usage as grains and leafy vegetables. Farmer-preference revealed that leaf texture, seed colour and availability traits determine variety choice. Households totalling 46.9% preferred medium leaf texture with delicious (28.1%), sweet (26.6%) or bitter (12.5%) taste. There was a significant association between region and drought (χ 2 =15.57, df=4, P=0.004), region and production purpose (χ 2 =16.49, df=2, P=0.004), as well as region and utilisation (χ 2 =8.44, df=1, P=0.004). In Western 38.2% and Eastern 63.3% respondents strongly agreed that drought was a constraint. A total of 70% and 52.9% respondents in Eastern and Western, respectively, grew cowpea as a mixed crop. Most respondents (47.1%) in Western grew cowpea for leafy vegetables, while 86.7% in Eastern grew for dual-usage. This study recommends use of present baseline information on key selection criteria in generating demand-led variety design during breeding.
International Journal of Research Studies in Agricultural Sciences, 2021
Cowpea is an important legume crop growing across the world mainly in tropical and subtropical regions including Ethiopia. However, the production and adoption of cowpea at the study area is mainly constrained by drought and lack of high yielding varieties. Therefore, the experiment was conducted to identify promising and better yielding improved cowpea varieties for drought tolerance related traits. A total of six improved cowpea varieties were evaluated using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications at Mieso during the main cropping season of 2018 and 2019. The study identified the superior performing cowpea varieties for different studied traits. The combined analyses of variance revealed the presence of tremendous genetic variation among improved cowpea varieties for all the studied traits, which implies the availability of substantial genetic variation among varieties. Overall, White Wonder and Black Eyebean had better performance compared to the other varieties for yield and the yield related traits. White Wonder (1524.66 kgha-1) and Black Eyebean (1235.69 kgha-1) varieties recorded the highest grain yield and identified as the superior improved cowpea varieties. Therefore, based on the results of adaptation experiment, White Wonder and Black Eyebean were recommended for production and adoption at Mieso and other similar environments.
International Journal of Multidisciplinary Perspectives, 2020
The study was conducted to identify adaptable, high biomass and seed yield of Cowpea genotypes. Three Cowpea genotypes Bole, 6786 and 2351 were tested in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The result revealed that days to 50% flowering, days to seed maturity, plant height and seed yield was significantly (P<0.05) different among treatments. Among the tested genotypes late matured was obtained from genotype 6786 (131) days while late genotype was obtained from 2351 (113 days). The highest value of plant height was measured from genotype 6786 (132.8 cm), whereas the short plant height was obtained from genotype 2351 (64.8 cm). The highest seed yield was produced from Bole genotype (24.18 qt/ha), whereas the lowest seed yield was obtained from genotype 6786 (6.8 qt/ha). Chemical composition indicated genotype 2351 was the highest in total ash (TASH) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) whereas less in crude protein (CP) genotype 6786 was the highest in c...
Adaptability Performances of Cowpea [Vigna Unguiculata (L.) Walp] Genotypes in Ethiopia
Sixteen cowpea genotypes were tested at seven environments in experiment laid out in 4 x 4 triple lattice designs during 2016/17 cropping season. The combined analysis of variance over environments showed significant differences among genotypes, environments, and significant effect of GEI on grain yield, days to flowering, days to maturity, plant height and pods per plants. Analysis of varaiance for grain yield from AMMI model, indicated the contribution of genotype, environment and GEI accounted for about 63.3%, 5.3%, and 29.7% of the total sum of squares, respectively. The result indicated environment was contributed much to the observed variations suggested the need to test cowpea genotypes at diverse environments. Two genotypes, IT-99K-1060a (1398.8 kg/ha) and 86D-378 (1377.1 kg/ha) had first and second highest yield, identified as responsive to both environments but more to favorable environments suggested the need to further test to develop as varieties. Other two genotypes, 95K-1095-4A and 93K-619-1, identified as highly responsive to environments suggested to consider the genotypes as candidate varieties where they performed best.
Advances in Life Sciences 2012, 2(1): 1-5
The study was conducted to determine the effects of four different numbers of plants per stand on the performance of three cowpea varieties under rain-fed conditions. A field experiment was conducted for two successive rainy seasons (2007/08-2008/09) in sandy soil of North Kordofan State, Sudan. The three varieties of cowpea (BLedi, an old local cultivar and two recently improved cultivars, Haydoob and Eien Elgazal) were sown in four patterns (one, two, three and four plants per stand). The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) in four replications. The results showed that, plants/stand had a significant effect on most of the attributes measured. Increased plants/stand significantly increased grain yield per unit area and reduced the number of pods per plant, 100-grain weight, grain yield per plant and harvest index. The local cultivar was late in maturity and had heavier 100-grain weight, greater grain yield per plant, greater final grain yield (t/ha). The Ein Elgazal was earlier in maturity and scored the highest values of harvest index.
Advances in Life Sciences, 2012
The study was conducted to determine the effects of four different numbers of plants per stand on the performance of three cowpea varieties under rain-fed conditions. A field experiment was conducted for two successive rainy seasons (2007/08-2008/09) in sandy soil of North Kordofan State, Sudan. The three varieties of cowpea (BLedi, an old local cultivar and two recently improved cultivars, Haydoob and Eien Elgazal) were sown in four patterns (one, two, three and four plants per stand). The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) in four replications. The results showed that, plants/stand had a significant effect on most of the attributes measured. Increased plants/stand significantly increased grain yield per unit area and reduced the number of pods per plant, 100-grain weight, grain yield per plant and harvest index. The local cultivar was late in maturity and had heavier 100-grain weight, greater grain yield per plant, greater final grain yield (t/ha). The Ein Elgazal was earlier in maturity and scored the highest values of harvest index.
Nepal Agriculture Research Journal, 1970
Five vegetable type cowpea varieties were evaluated in farmer's field with farmers participationat Chambas, Tanahu (450 masl) in two consecutive years 2003 and 2004 rainy season to identifysuitable vegetable type cowpea varieties for commercial production in the river basin and lowhill areas of western region. The experiment was arranged in randomized complete block design(RCBD) with 5 replications, farmer as replication. Prakash variety used as the check was earliestin flowering and days to first harvest from sowing with an average of 37 and 45 daysrespectively. Pod diameter and pod length among the varieties was significantly different. Thebiggest sized and longest pods were produced by IT 86F-2062-5 (Green) with an average of0.990 cm in diameter and 25.60 cm in length. The highest green pod yield (4.971 t/ha) wasproduced by IT 86F-2062-5 (Green). Despite the earliness in flowering, fruiting and harvesting,Prakash produced the smallest (0.668 cm) and shortest (16.21 cm) pods a...