The Possibility of Qualifying the Courtyards of Religious Buildings as Open Public Spaces: a Case Study of the City of Brčko (original) (raw)
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Inner Courtyards as Public Open Spaces
Over the years more and more researches proved, major part of the world's population moving back to the cities and in the future even more people will live there. All this is due to that in the metropolitan regions high level economic activity is taking place and their services getting better quality. Besides of that the cities are not only information and service nodes but also varied cultural and educational centers which providing a lot of opportunities for occupational change or to learn new professions which could be attractive to the high qualified people too. Therefore the cities of the future will have to face significant demographic and sociological problems because besides moving into the city various ethnic and religious groups according to the characteristic of the western countries the urban population shows an aging trend. And in addition the increasing number of the disabled people whose mobility even in a crowded city must be ensured. Therefore the public spaces will play an even more significant role in the cities life because this is the " space " in every city where regardless of gender, age, religion, qualification, etc. all social classes can be found. This is especially true for the public squares and parks where people can not only meet with each other from the different social groups but they can dialogue with each other as well; actively or passively relaxing, having fun, etc. All of this can significantly contribute so that these groups could get know each other. However the public spaces of the cities including the squares and parks looking at their size are bounded. All for this could provide solution for example the opening of the inner courtyards to the pedestrians. Because the inner courtyards similar to the public spaces providing opportunities not only for relaxation and conversation but for buying and entertainment also because the ground floor part of the inner courtyards offering the possibility for the creation of shops, offices, coffee shops and restaurants. Therefore in my presentation I would like to show what is needed to an inner courtyard could become a successful public space.
The role of religious communities on informing to the public spaces of traditional cities
The custom of ta'zye and mourning has an old basis in Iran. In Qajar period, more attention to this custom by the rulers and people has been caused to build the public spaces for carrying out this custom in fabric of many cities in Iran; as there were these areas in most of neighborhoods. In this research, we deal with to the study of history of this custom and the way of effect of this custom and culture on forming the spaces and fabric of squares, Hosseinieh and Takya of traditional cities. The aim of this research is the study of role and the way of effect of carrying out these communities and religious ceremonies on shape and frame of city forms and fabrics. The hypothesis of this research is based on the influence of the kind of customs and its special feature on architecture of these areas. Gathering information is library based. The research methodology is historical and the way of analyzing is qualitative. From the findings of this research can indicate to the situation of public spaces of neighborhoods in traditional cities, their relation with together and with local path, the kind of architectural organizing and their preparation of spaces and the ability of these areas in preparing for observation customs in certain days.
Street, landscape and courtyard: Study on the essence of public space in Islamic built environment
International Journal of Engineering & Technology, 2019
This paper explores the elements that shape the public spaces in Islamic cities. A sharp contrast has been highlighted between early era of Islamic cities and contemporary era. The main characteristic of public space are accessibility and usability for all citizens. However, current developments, primary observed in cities, suggest the loss of a clear distinction between public and private space. Space with public functions like mosques, courtyard and bazar are changing in character are spreading. This study focuses on three major components such as street market, landscape and courtyards. Further study in this regard are suggested to explore the characteristics of public spaces in Islamic cities in depth in order to compare among regions, cultures and different time periods
Sacred Architecture and Public Space under the Conditions of a New Visibility of Religion
Religions, 2020
Embedded in the paradigm of the "New Visibility of Religion," this article addresses the question of the significance of sacred buildings for public spaces. 'Visibility' is conceived as religion's presence in cities through the medium of architecture. In maintaining sacred buildings in cities, religions expose themselves to the conditions of how cities work. They cannot avoid questions such as how to counteract the tendency of public space to erode. Following some preliminary remarks on the "New Visibility of Religion," I examine selected sacred buildings in Vienna. Next, I focus on the motifs of the city, the "ark" as a model for sacred buildings and the aesthetic dimension of public space. Finally, I consider the contribution of sacred buildings to contemporary public spaces. What is at issue is not the subject that moves in public and visits sacred buildings with the aim of acquiring knowledge or with the urgency to act, but rather the subject that feels and experiences itself in its dealings with public space and sacred buildings. In this context, I refer to the experience of disinterested beauty (Kant), anachronism, multi-perspectivity (Klaus Heinrich), and openness (Hans-Dieter Bahr).
Joining the Open Spaces of State Buildings to the Public Spaces in the City
Manzar the scientific journal of landscape, 2016
| The urban landscape is the main influential factor in the citizens' mindset about a city. Communal spaces are the most significant subsidiaries of the urban landscape as a basis for the formation of citizens' collective memories, and almost all the criteria which qualify the urban life are visible in these spaces. In this paper, the lack of public and collective spaces in the dense areas of Tehran's center has been emphasized. Then according to the principles of infill development, the suitable land use for endogenous development will be discussed. In the end, the area of administrative offices placed in the central contexture of Tehran is examined as an option based on endogenous development for infill development projects and shifting to semi-public space. Ownership, incompatibility in the usage of contiguous lands, and management practices in semi-public space are explored as three outstanding issues. In this research, descriptive and analytic methods and also library studies have been used.
Urban Space As A Space Of Coexistence And Interaction Of Religious Cultures
European Proceedings of Social and Behavioural Sciences, 2020
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 Unported License, permitting all non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Urban and Interior Public Spaces
ARA Syllabus, 2021
Instead of the narrative of loss, decline and reduced publicness, my research is an attempt to trace the distinct narrative that exults the paradigm of public space, as a continuity of urban (streets and squares) into interior (e.g., POPS). The traditional dialogue between the public and private, urban and interior is transforming drastically, approaching the notion that public space is not necessarily entirely public nor utterly private. The main objective of this paper is to explore the transformation of public spaces in the global cities with a focus on Lahore, Pakistan, while considering the paradigm shift of territoriality, interiority, and retail-isation of public spaces.
Public spaces with cultural value
Populated areas with long and important routes in history often have their fabric embroidered with valuable traces of their past, creating “layers of time” and telling stories of bygone eras. Nevertheless, there may be a conflict between contemporary needs and the protection of these remnants. The way urban development performs in regard to architectural and urban heritage preservation determines the modern character of the cities.
4 Detailed Analysis of Usage of Open Public Spaces in Modernist and Traditional Urban Blocks
Modernization of Public Spaces in Lithuanian Cities
This book chapter represents a detailed description of the methodology of sociotope mapping and implements the approach towards the modernist and traditional urban blocks of Kaunas which were either created or transformed by the modernization period in the second half of the 20th century. The chapter aims to identify and ascertain the transformation in the open public spaces after the Soviet period, and it analyses the reflection of it in the contemporary world. Furthermore, the chapter tries to provide the needed information regarding the districts which could not be analysed by the content analysis method in chapter 3 due insufficiency of the data. As it has been stated by the urban sociologist Oldenburg (1997)485, people need three types of places to live a fulfilled life. These places are: private places, workplaces which are connected with the economic engagement and the third places which are amorphous arenas used for reaffirming social bonds and community identities. In that regard, public spaces can be identified as the third type of place in people's lives where they find the possibility to interact with each other in a different environment. As it has been stated by Francis et al. (2012)486, public spaces are the places in a city where people meet and gather outside their home or workspace, which is freely accessible by the members of the public. Even though there are public spaces which are closed areas such as public libraries, shopping malls, etc, most of the time, places which are considered to be public spaces tend to be open-air places such as parks, beaches, public squares, streets, urban stairs, etc. which help people to interact with each other and socialise. According to Rogers (1999), urban public space should be understood as an openair room in a neighbourhood, where people can relax and enjoy the urban experience.487 Therefore, typically public spaces contain the desire to connect with nature and
Buildings
Knowledge of the link between church and public space remains limited. However, there seems to exist a relationship between the church and the city, dating back to the first foundational temples. This relationship is still present in the churches of the most recently created neighborhoods, including those that are now gone and gave way to new squares, as well as those that were repurposed to house new activities. In this study, the relationship between public space and 132 parish churches within the municipal limits of Barcelona (Catalonia, Spain) was analyzed, with the aim to highlighting the most representative examples to understand the role of religious buildings in the urban landscape of the contemporary city. Morphological analyses and comparative views were the methodological research tools used for drawing new maps highlighting how they configure urban axes and homogeneous patterns. Finally, we included a relevant case study of urban regeneration, Mare de Déu dels Àngels chu...