An IoT-Based Traceable Drug Anti-Counterfeiting Management System (original) (raw)
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Blockchain, Snap Tags, and QR Codes for Combating the Subtle Crime of Drug Counterfeiting
Communications on Applied Electronics, 2023
One of the most serious crime or offenses against public health is the manufacture, distribution, and sale of fake medications and other medical supplies. The act of "deliberately and fraudulently mislabeling pharmaceuticals with respect to their identity or source" is known as drug counterfeiting. Both branded and generic products can be counterfeited, including those that have incorrect components, insufficient active substances, or none at all. Legitimate medications that have reached their expiration date may be included. In certain cases, low quality is noted along with a bogus expiration date. Treatment failure, end organ damage, toxicity, loss of confidence, illness escalation, and occasionally significant financial loss are all consequences and dangers of using counterfeit pharmaceuticals. The majority of current solutions either rely heavily on computational resources or are purely theoretical research. The deadly threat of drug counterfeiting needs to be reduced, and there is a need for a more secure, scalable, but simple to implement solution. Therefore, this study describes the creation of a system for detecting fake drugs that combines blockchain technology with QR codes and SnapTags. The proposed system performs admirably in comparison to some of the current related systems, even surpassing some of them.
Combating Drug Counterfeiting by Tracing Ownership Transfer Using Blockchain Technology
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Supply chain management in healthcare sector plays significant role in the lives of people. Presence of intermediaries and lack of traceability has lured it towards drug counterfeiting, which reduces drug efficacy, thus hampering patients' trust and putting their lives in danger. Blockchain has emerged as a groundbreaking technology which provide a system that is immutable and transparent without the requirement of a trusted third party. This paper depicts how blockchain can provide a solution to reduce drug counterfeit in the pharmaceutical supply chain. This is achieved by creating a Blockchain Network in which each participant and the drug is registered to maintain transparency of transactions among all the participants. Realtime transfer of ownership in the blockchain creates all-round visibility among the registered participants to retrieve information like the current owner, timestamp of ownership transfer and authenticity of drugs. This paper implements PharmaChain for re...
Blockchain-Based Traceability of Counterfeited Drugs
International Journal of Reliable and Quality E-Healthcare
In the healthcare industry, providing a vital backbone for services is critical. The supply chain is a complex network that crosses organizational and geographical borders. In the healthcare business, counterfeit pills are one of the primary reasons for the harmful impact on human health and financial loss. Thus, pharmaceutical supply chains and end-to-end tracking systems are the recent research in healthcare. In this paper, the authors propose blockchain-based traceability of counterfeited drugs (BBTCD) that implements tracking of counterfeited drugs using smart contracts on the Ethereum blockchain. They offer a solution to fully decentralize the tracking by storing BBTCD on IPFS (inter planetary file system) to provide transparency and cost-effectiveness.
IJERT-Blockchain to Overcome Counterfeiting of Medicines
International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology (IJERT), 2021
https://www.ijert.org/blockchain-to-overcome-counterfeiting-of-medicines https://www.ijert.org/research/blockchain-to-overcome-counterfeiting-of-medicines-IJERTCONV9IS03008.pdf The production and distribution of falsified drugs, especially in developing countries, is a pressing and increasingly important global issue. The pharmaceutical duplication market estimate has crossed billions of dollars annually. The fragmented supply chain network in the pharmaceutical industry is one explanation for forging medications. Medications change possession from maker to distributor, wholesaler, and pharmacist before it arrives at the end-user. Data is not exchanged between systems, suppliers don't have an idea of what is going to happen to their products in the current supply chain environment, drugs administrative authorities have zero system perceptions, evaluation procedures are complicated and expensive, and organizations can't catch up patients. In this paper, we discussed how to use the blockchain innovation in the pharmaceutical supply chain to include traceability, accessibility, and protection in the drug processes. In the pharmaceutical industry, the proposed system will be used to track medicines from development to delivery to patients. Authorized blockchain is used to store transactions, and only trusted parties are allowed to join the system and push information to the blockchain.
Blockchain Technology to Combat Counterfeiting of Drugs in the Pharmaceutical Industry
International Journal of Distributed and Cloud Computing, Publishing India, 2023
Counterfeiting is an ever-growing issue intensified by the increasing ease of access via e-commerce activities. The amalgamation of misinformation-driven panic, economic distress, and public health emergency contributes to the challenges related to the accessibility and supply of better and essential qualityof medicinal products, leading to price volatility, uncertainty, quality of issues, and drug shortages. The adoption of state-of-the-art technologies paves the way for the digital transformation of the pharmaceutical industry. Incorporating blockchain technology augments the safety of drugs, with easy detection of falsified drugs, thereby leading to minimized mortality rate and improved safety. Blockchainbased architectures enable the systems to offer a platform to substantiallycater to the changing need for pharma-data privacy, data storage, quality assurance, and material traceability. This paper discusses the different technologies in the counterfeiting of drugs, with the prime focus being on blockchain technology. It emphasizes on the strategic decisions and models adopted by the key players in their supply chain processes to make these an efficacious one. The article also focuses on the relevant information regarding blockchain architectures and the challenges being faced in the implementation of this technology in combating counterfeiting in the pharmaceutical industry.
FMDB Transactions on Sustainable Technoprise Letters, 2023
Fake products have become a common term in business, especially in the consumer market. Due to the fake products, companies are going through a lot of financial losses, hampering the brand name, and at the end of the day, every day, they are losing customers. Product counterfeiting is rampant in the modern economy, and it is difficult to detect whether the product is genuine or fake by simply looking at it. In Bangladesh, the market is full of fake products, making it difficult for local customers to detect them. Because of those counterfeit products, legitimate companies are facing issues. Several historical solutions have been developed to overcome the issue of product counterfeiting. Among the most widely used approaches are RFID tags, AI, QR code-based systems, etc. However, the mentioned system has some drawbacks. For example, a QR code can be copied from a genuine product and put into a fake product. The objective of the project is to enhance the identification of counterfeit items. Utilizing blockchain technology facilitates this capability, enabling the distinct identification of products and subsequent monitoring across the whole supply chain. The use of distributed ledger technology, commonly known as Blockchain, enables multiple people to access and see the data concurrently. One of the primary advantages of the system is its robustness against unauthorized modifications to the recorded data, necessitating the consensus of all relevant parties. This attribute enhances the security of the data, shielding it from potential weaknesses. This study presents a novel approach to detecting counterfeit products using blockchain technology.
PharmaCrypt: Blockchain for Critical Pharmaceutical Industry to Counterfeit Drugs
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This research analyses the impact of counterfeit drugs on the healthcare supply chain industry and evaluates the solutions currently in place to reduce the number of fake counterfeits coming to the market. The discussions are undertaken to determine what conceptions industry professionals have about applying Blockchain in the pharmaceutical industry, especially in the supply chain. The obtained feedback information is used to build requirements for a Blockchain driven tool called "PharmaCrypt". This tool will be used to track and trace drugs as they move through the supply chain, uploading the data collected to a distributed Blockchain ledger validating the authenticity of the drug. Through a setup, we have built a tool prototype that uses the Amazon Web Services Blockchain platform to show the feasibility of implementing such technology within the industry.
Blockchain based Approaches For Preventing Drug Counterfeit: A Survey
During the current spread of COVID-19 tons of people have suffered critical health issues, which in many cases also lead to death. The death rate in the past few months has been on a spike. News channels are flooded with information regarding fake doses of drugs been injected into people, ultimately leading to the death of many. There has been duplication of the antiviral drug 'Remdesivir' and also the important 'Pfizer's' vaccine. The lives of people are at stake with the counterfeit drugs been sold in the market. This generates a sudden need to look upon the matter and define the methods for preventing the counterfeit of drugs to save the lives of people. Through this paper, we review various blockchain-based approaches which can help in preventing drug counterfeit.
Authentication of Product & Counterfeits Elimination Using Blockchain
2019
Blockchain technologies have gained interest over the last years. While the most explored use case is financial transactions, it has the capability to agitate other markets. Blockchain remove the need for trusted intermediaries, can facilitate faster transactions and add more transparency. This paper explores the possibility to deflate counterfeit using blockchain technology. This paper provides an overview of different solutions in the anti-counterfeit area, different blockchain technologies and what characteristics make blockchain especially interesting for the use case. We have developed three different concepts and the expansion of an existing system concept, is pursued further. It is shown, that reducing counterfeits cannot be achieved by using technological means only. Increasing awareness, fighting counterfeiters on a legal level, a good alert system, and having tamper-proof packaging are all important aspects. These factors combined with blockchain technology can lead to an ...
Identifying Counterfeit Products using Blockchain Technology in Supply Chain System
2022 16th International Conference on Ubiquitous Information Management and Communication (IMCOM), 2022
With the advent of globalization and the evergrowing rate of technology, the volume of production as well as ease of procuring counterfeit goods has become unprecedented. Be it food, drug or luxury items, all kinds of industrial manufacturers and distributors are now seeking greater transparency in supply chain operations with a view to deter counterfeiting. This paper introduces a decentralized Blockchain based application system (DApp) with a view to identifying counterfeit products in the supply chain system. With the rapid rise of Blockchain technology, it has become known that data recorded within Blockchain is immutable and secure. Hence, the proposed project here uses this concept to handle the transfer of ownership of products. A consumer can verify the product distribution and ownership information scanning a Quick Response (QR) code generated by the DApp for each product linked to the Blockchain.