Cadmium Carcinogenesis and Mechanistic Insights (original) (raw)
2017
Abstract
The heavy metal cadmium is ubiquitous in the environment. Occupational exposures to cadmium have long been linked to cancers of various organs. Emerging epidemiological data, although often limited by study deficits, provide convincing evidence of lung, kidney, prostate, and breast cancers after cadmium exposure. Experimental evidences from animal models and in vitro cell culture systems aid in discerning the molecular pathways of these cancers and provide biological plausibility for cadmium carcinogenesis. The International Agency for Research on Cancer declared cadmium as group I carcinogen with sufficient evidence for cancer in humans. This chapter discusses the molecular pathways of cadmium carcinogenesis for specific organs followed by a brief discussion on general molecular pathways of cadmium-induced carcinogenesis. Finally, conclusions are drawn on the existing database in order to identify common and unique molecular pathways of these cancers and to infer biological plausib...
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