Ability and Willingness to Pay Premium in the Framework of National Health Insurance System (original) (raw)
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Background: Health financing in Nepal mainly relies on out-of-pocket system, which gradually is pushing people in vicious circle of poverty. In such situation, health insurance is widely recognized substitute mechanisms for alternative financing. The main purpose of this study was to study the willingness to pay for health insurance scheme among the peoples of Mangalbare Village Development Committee of Ilam District.
Willingness to Pay for Family Health Insurance: Evidence from Baglung and Kailali Districts of Nepal
Canadian Center of Science and Education, 2018
Introduction: The Government of Nepal introduced a health insurance programme in three districts in 2016. However, it seems that there has not been systematic evidence on whether the current contribution amount (CCA) needed for enrolling in health insurance (HI), is acceptable for those who are willing to enroll. This article aims to assess the respondents' willingness to pay (WTP) for HI. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 810 randomly selected households in Baglung and Kailali districts and the data was collected using a validated schedule. The socio-demographic characteristics were considered as independent and the WTP as dependent variables respectively. Univariate, bivariate and multivariate analysis were performed. Results: Of the total respondents, 74 percent expressed that they could pay nearly three times as much as the CCA. Mean differences in WTP for HI were observed in terms of districts (p<0.001), sex of the respondents (p<0.01), household headship (p<0.05), mother tongue (p<0.001), wealth status (p<0.001), presence of chronic diseases in the family(p<0.05), enrollment in HI(p<0.01), exposure to the radio/FM(p<0.05) and TV(p<0.01), and access to health facilities (p<0.01). The lieklyhood of WTP for HI were lower in Kailali than in Baglung (β= –0.178, p<0.001); with females than with males(β= –0.076, p<0.05); and with the age group ≤37 years than > 37 years(β= –0.090, p<0.05). Conclusion: The WTP for HI was nearly three times as high as the CCA for all health services if available to them. More than one fourth of the respondents did not know about HI. Therefore, appropriate interventions are needed for awareness raising which may support the WTP as well as enrollment in HI.
MedS Alliance Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences, 2021
INTRODUCTION: The government supported SHI is the largest health insurance schemes ever launched in the country since 2016 by Health Insurance Board. Prior to UHI program, small scale community health insurance programs are running in fragmented structure The paper aims to examine the association between the potential policyholder's paying willingness for the social health insurance their characteristics, and tries to predict the willingness to pay for social health insurance schemes and their expected benefits from the SHI run by Government of Nepal. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was carried out during Jan-July 2018 in Pokhara Metropolitan city 29, Kaski District, Nepal. RESULTS: Among the 5,000 households residing in the study area 360 households who have not purchased social health insurance schemes till the survey period but interested to buy within one year were selected for the study. Respondents were selected with purposive sampling method. The association between resp...
Awareness and Willingness to Pay for Health Insurance: A Study of Darjeeling District
The present study is an effort to find out the response of the people of Darjeeling in the area of health insurance. As firstly, this study examines the respondents who are aware or not aware about health insurance as well as various sources of awareness; secondly, those who are aware have subscribed for it or not; thirdly, those who have not subscribed what are the reasons behind the same; and lastly are they willing to join and pay for it? If yes then what would be the possible amount? The study was conducted in some selected villages in Darjeeling district and 200 questionnaires were got filled from randomly selected general people. The results shown low level of awareness and willingness to join and pay for health insurance scheme.
Journal of Health Management, 2011
The study aimed to assess the demand for health insurance, gather evidence on willingness to pay (WTP) for health insurance and its determining factors amongst the urban poor in Mumbai. This was as-certained through dichotomous bidding process on 300 households (HHs). The findings reveal characteristics of a low-income group with a burden of disease and treatment financed through out-of-pocket (OOP)
International Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Sciences, 2014
Introduction: Community-based health insurance schemes are becoming increasingly recognized as a tool to finance health care in developing countries. The Ethiopian government is now implementing community-based health insurance for citizens in the informal and agriculture sectors as a pilot basis. Objective: This study was conducted to assess the willingness to pay for community based health insurance and associated factors among household heads in the rural community of Fogera district, North West Ethiopia, 2013. Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted. Multistage sampling technique was undertaken to get a total of 528 households. Pre-tested, structured interviewer administered questionnaire was used to collect the desired data. Double-Bounded Dichotomous Choice Variant of the contingent valuation method was used to assess the maximum willingness to pay for the schemes, and a multiple linear regression equation model was used to answer how much one is willing to pay once one decides to enroll in the scheme. The degree of association between independent and dependent variables were assessed using coefficient and pvalue. Results: The study revealed that, 80% of respondents expressed willingness to enroll in the community-based health insurance system. The average amount of money willing to pay for the scheme was 187.4Birr per household per annual. Based on the multiple linear regression model; being male [B=17.28], large household size [B= 4.54], schooling experience [B=1.85], farmer household [B=33.79], merchant household [B=58.50], richer household [B=14.94] were significantly associated with the willingness to pay for community based health insurance scheme. Conclusion and recommendation the willingness to pay for the Community-based health insurance scheme was encouraging. However, the amount of the premium should consider the family size, wealth status and the willingness of the households.
Nepal Medical Journal, 2020
Introduction: Lack of proper financing system puts the vulnerable population at health risk with high level in rural setting. For the reduction of financial burden and to achieve universal health care, Government of Nepal launched a security program called as Social Health Insurance Program. This study aimed to find the factors associated with the utilization of the social health insurance scheme.Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the Bhaktapur Municipality ward no 2. 422 households were chosen using systematic random sampling. Questionnaires were used to measure the factors affecting the utilization. The collected data was entered in Epidata and analyzed in SPSS version 16. The data were presented in the frequency and percentage. Bivariate analysis was done to identify factors utilizing social health insurance. Factors having p value less than 0.05 was taken as significantly associated. Multivariate analysis was done to examine the association between the outcome variables. Results: Almost half of the general population (42.4 %) were utilizing social health insurance scheme and reason for not utilizing includes lack of confidence in the scheme and the services of the scheme, followed by high premium cost. Age (p=0.044), occupation (p= 0.049), wealth quintiles (p=<0.001) were found to be significantly associated with utilization of social health insurance. Logistic regression analysis showed that the odds of enrollment among very rich population group were lower than the medium (AOR 0.550, 95% CI 0.305-0.993) and rich population (AOR 0.557, 95% CI 0.316-0.981).Conclusions: Multiple factors were found to be associated with the utilization of the health insurance scheme which includes age of the household head, occupation of the household head, economic status, availability of the drugs and charge paid during their visit in the health care services, behavior showed by the health care provider, confidence in the scheme, satisfaction in the services that have been providing and source of the information.
Journal of Health Management, 2023
The purpose of this study is to examine determinants of Rural Households" Willingness to pay (WTP) for Community Based Health Insurance Scheme, in Kewiot and EfratanaGedem districts of Amhara region, Ethiopia. A cross-sectional design that followed a quantitative approach was used. Pre-tested structural and interviewer administered questionnaire was used to collect the desired data. A total of 392 sample rural households were taken by systematic random method. The contingent valuation method of double bounded dichotomous choice format (with calibration strategy) is applied to elicit households" willingness to pay for the scheme. An interval regression model is used to estimate the mean willingness to pay and to explore the degree of association between predicted WTP and predictor variables. Households" WTP for the scheme is found significantly associated with factor variables such as gender, education status, family size, level of awareness about the scheme, respondents" trust in the scheme management, family ill health experience, households" perceptions on health service quality, and their annual income level. The mean WTP amount is found 211ETB ($10.5) per annum per household. The result clearly shows that 79 % rural households are willing to pay for the scheme. Therefore, despite these factors affecting the rural households" WTP, there is a potential demand for the community based health insurance scheme. We suggest that, among
Annals of Tropical Medicine and Public Health
Background: Expansion of coverage for informal workers is still one problem in achieving universal health coverage. Independent participants non-PBI scheme is intended for people in the informal sector in National Health Insurance (JKN) era. The existence of adverse selection and delay in contributions payment by Independent participants non-PBI need to be solve in order to find the most appropriate model of contribution collection in informal sector. Objective: To analyze policies in prevention of adverse selection in JKN and identify potential health funding by informal sector in rural and urban communitiesin Banyumas. Method: Cross sectional design with structured qualitative approach conducted in populationof Independent participants non PBIwho delay in contribution payment at least 6 months, with a sample of 197 respondents. Results: There was potential health funding in informal workers in Banyumas. Ability to Pay (ATP) was greater than the amount of the contribution Class III (3,49 USD-7,35 USD). Willingness ToPay (WTP) was greater than the amount of the contribution Class III (2.00 USD-USD $ 2,57). ATP was greater than the WTP. Conclusions: It is necessary to create a policy to provide incentives to informal sector who able and willing to pay the JKN contributions regularly.