Occurrence And Abundance Of Microplastics In Coral Reef Sediment: A Case Study In Sekotong, Lombok-Indonesia (original) (raw)

Overview of Effect of Plastic Waste Pollution on Marine Environment

Journal of Asian Scientific Research, 2022

Environmental pollution is one of the most important and critical problems facing the planet and threatening the ecosystem in all its forms. Due to the large quantities of plastic manufactured in different parts of the world and the difficulty of decomposing plastic products, which have a decomposition period of decades. As well as considering the marine environment as one of the most vulnerable ecosystems to pollution with plastic waste, and at the same time, people do not pay attention to this disaster, which directly affects the rest of the environmental systems and causes serious changes to the ecosystem. In this paper, we tried to review some of the direct effects of plastic waste on marine organisms such as coral reefs and sea turtles. As well as review the impact of these organisms' damage on the ecosystem in general. This paper recommends some solutions that will reduce the huge quantities of plastic waste and how to treat it and try to legalize production to control the amount of plastic waste previously produced during the past decades. Contribution/ Originality: This study contributes to add some ideas to existing literature studies in the field of environmental pollution of the marine environment due to plastic, while highlighting some solutions that could contribute to reducing this type of pollution. 1. INTRODUCTION Plastic is considered one of the most harmful substances in the environment and at the same time, it is one of the most consumed materials daily all over the world [1]. Plastic has lightweight, highly durable, strong, and cheap price. According to United Nations UN reports, one million bottles of drinking water are consumed every minute, and five billion plastic bags every year [2]. Half the amount of plastic produced is designed for single use only and thrown after use. Plastic production began in the 1950s till the 1970s was small quantities where waste plastic was

Plastic Waste: Challenges and Opportunities to Mitigate Pollution and Effective Management

International Journal of Environmental Research

The present world is now facing the challenge of proper management and resource recovery of the enormous amount of plastic waste. Lack of technical skills for managing hazardous waste, insufficient infrastructure development for recycling and recovery, and above all, lack of awareness of the rules and regulations are the key factors behind this massive pile of plastic waste. The severity of plastic pollution exerts an adverse effect on the environment and total ecosystem. In this study, a comprehensive analysis of plastic waste generation, as well as its effect on the human being and ecological system, is discussed in terms of source identification with respect to developed and developing countries. A detailed review of the existing waste to energy and product conversion strategies is presented in this study. Moreover, this study sheds light on sustainable waste management procedures and identifies the key challenges to adopting effective measures to minimise the negative impact of plastic waste. Highlights • A comprehensive analysis of global plastic waste generation and its effect on land and marine environment is conducted. • Plastic waste management technologies for both land and marine environment are reviewed thoroughly. • The modern technologies for waste-to-energy and waste-to-production conversion are discussed in this paper. • The potential challenges and a way forward for sustainable management technologies are presented.

Plastic Pollution and its Impact on Environment

Ecology, Environment and Conservation

Beginning around 1950 to 2021, about 6.3 billion tons of plastics have been delivered around the world, out of which only 9% is reused, individually. Human population increment is eventually related to the increasing use of plastic. Plastic items are answerable for consistent expansion in the development of plastic. We have surveyed in this paper, the most important written works on the various sorts of plastics underway, the negative impacts of these constituents to air, water, soil, organic entities and human wellbeing viz-a-viz the different removal technique. Papers that revealed ecological and general wellbeing impacts of plastic looked in to assortments of plastic utilized in the creation of numerous consumable items including clinical gadgets, food bundling and water bottles containing harmful synthetic substances like phthalates, weighty metals, and Nonyl phenol. Yearly 8 million tons of plastic is delivered into the sea, prompting corruption of marine living space which at ...

The Sea of Plastics: A Review on Microplastic Pollution in Marine Ecosystem

MICROPLASTIC STUDIES, 2021

Micron-sized plastics, ranging from 1μm to 5mm, are now causing a gigantic problem to the various ecosystems worldwide. Among the various components of the environment, marine ecosystem is the most vulnerable to microplastics pollution as it serves as the ultimate catchment basin of several anthropogenic effluents. This study aims to afford a multidisciplinary review on microplastic pollution in marine ecosystem viewed from the historical antecedents of the invention, development, and utilization of plastics, taxonomy of plastics and microplastics wastes, bio-physicochemical mechanisms of microplastics pollution of the abiotic and biotic factors, the physiological threats of microplastics to human health, and the legislations in the local, national, and international levels in pursuit of the mitigation of this ever-increasing global concern. The study utilized a systematic approach in reviewing 159 related literatures and studies selected through a predetermined set of criteria including date, type of publication, and reported outcomes. Qualitative content analysis was employed for the extraction of manifest and latent meaningbased data. Knowledge gaps were identified. Conclusions were drawn with the purpose of highlighting future avenues of research for the natural and social scientists.

A Review Study of Waste-Plastic and Its Deadly Effects on Eco-System

Plastic waste is a developing concern and the drivers behind it look set to proceed. Plastic is a profoundly valuable material and its applications are relied upon to increment as more new items and plastics are produced to meet requests. The effects of plastic waste on our wellbeing and nature are just barely getting to be evident. A few market-based instruments have been investigated, for example, store plans to energize the arrival and multi-utilization of plastics, and tax collection on single-utilize plastics that don't fit into store return frameworks. Finally, there are various research crevices that should be tended to give a more grounded proof base on which to create strategy. Some of these are at the nitty-gritty level of effect, for example, the real levels of concoction presentation brought about by plastic waste. Others are more activity orientated, for instance, distinguishing potential hotspots where plastic waste is tricky, recognizing high-chance items that utilization plastic or distinguishing untamed life and human gatherings that are more helpless against the effects of plastic waste. In any case, the very way of plastic waste as a fluctuating and versatile issue implies that science is unrealistic to have the capacity to answer every one of the inquiries. It might be desirable over make strategy move before sitting tight for a totally clear research picture to develop to dodge the danger of effects intensifying and turning out to be more hard to oversee later on. This research was founded on the study of Plastic Waste and its bad effects on eco system and on human beings as well as on marine biology.

Microplastic Accumulation in Coral Reef Ecosystems at Peukan Bada District, Aceh Besar

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology, 2024

Microplastics are plastic fragments measuring < 5 mm, microplastics that enter the water can damage the growth of coral reefs. The aim of this research is to obtain accurate data on the distribution of microplastics, as an initial step in conservation and mitigation of the impact of plastic waste pollution in the Ujong Pancu area. Sediment samples were taken using coring method. Microplastic identification was carried out at the Marine Chemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries, Syiah Kuala University using a binocular microscope with zigzag pattern identification. The results of this study are that there are three types of microplastic found in Ujong Pancu waters, namely fiber, film, and fragment types. The average abundance of microplastics in Ujong Pancu Waters ranges from 32-68 particles/kg. The highest average abundance of microplastics is in the northwestern part of Pulau Tuan and the lowest is in Lhok Mata Ie Beach. The highest type of microplastic found was film and the lowest type of microplastic found was fiber. The condition of coral reefs in Ujong Pancu waters is in the moderate category. The relationship between microplastic abundance and the percentage of live coral cover and environmental parameters was 85.01%.

Plastic Litter as Pollutant in the Aquatic Environment: A mini-review

Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan, 2020

HighlightThe issue of plastic litter and microplastics which is currently of special concern in global particularly IndonesiaThe review of size, colour and shape of microplastics that becomes part of the plastic litterThe observed review highlight of plastic litter and microplastics impact on environmental health particularly aquatic biotaThe negative impact that comes from plastic litter in the aquatic environment is a scourge for the entire world including Indonesia.Plastic litter has a huge influence on the most biota who lives in symbiosis with along the aquatic environment as it is able to sustainability. Moreover, there are other factors that cause the death of aquatic biota. Nowadays, the negative impact of plastic litter occurs on an ongoing basis through the food chain process which until now has not been well studied. Therefore, it is necessary to do further studies on the influence of the food chain as a vector of plastic litter distribution, particularly microplastic on ...