Catadores De Material Reciclável, De Trabalho, De Direitos e De Dignidade: Da Inclusão Social Aos Direitos Humanos (original) (raw)
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4th CIRIEC, 2013
Starting from the idea that the logic of the Science, Technology and Innovation Policy follows the development of the concept of what science is, and using as parameter for analysis the phases in which this development was divided from the Post-War period, in the mid-twentieth century, to the present time, this work aims to take outcomes from a quantitative research of theses and dissertation productions on the theme of the recyclable material pickers, considering the terms “picker” and “recyclable” related to other specific ones (co-operative, solidary economy, family and mental health). For its development it has been used the Bank of Theses and Dissertations of the Coordination of Higher Education Personnel Improvement, via the search option "subject" and the definition "all terms". From the searching result, data have been analyzed and then it could be demonstrated the evolution of the productions per year as well as the multidisciplinarity related to the theme due to different types of Graduate Programs involved. It has been observed that works on the general theme (represented by the terms “picker” and “recyclable” both combined), detected since 1996 and combined with the specific themes, began to be registered in combination with the specific since 1999, coinciding with the transition to the current XXI century context, called "Science For Society’s Welfare", a concept still under construction. It has also been possible to associate the period of onset of the theses and dissertations with these terms to important moments on the development of the history of the pickers, the solidary economy movement and the Brazilian Science and Technology Policy. It is hoped that the results of this study may serve as a guide and database for future researches, as well as enhance reflections on this scientific moment which coincides with a growing pursuit of social welfare.
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The literature on dirty workers analysed material and symbolic aspects of work, highlighting how dirty workers deal with the stigma associated with their occupations. This approach put less attention on dirty workers who operate in the informal economy, which is a relevant category especially in some sectors, such as the urban-waste management and recycling. Drawing on a 2019–2022 qualitative study of waste pickers (WPs) in th Rio Grande do Sul state (Brazil), this article aims to understand whether and how the informal conditions interact with the symbolic and material aspects of the dirty job. First, it shows various attempts to redefine the meanings of waste pickers’ work, in a positive sense. The more articulated attempts mainly concern the more structured WPs' organisations and, in some cases, go far beyond the strategies described by the traditional literature on dirty workers. Second, it emphasizes the importance of the relations between WPs' organisations and public administrations in defining the effectiveness of the actions aimed at reducing the stigma associated with the WPs’ work. Together, these contributions highlight the utility of exploring the dynamics and the differences of informal dirty work in order to enrich the dirty-work approach.
Waste Pickers Movement and Right to the City: The Impacts in the Homeless Lives in Brazil
CESContexto Debates, 2013
This paper analysis the formation of the National Movement of Recyclable Waste Pickers (Movimento Nacional dos Catadores de Materiais Recicláveis: MNCR) in Brazil and of its impacts on the right of cities to the homeless people. We use the categories of analysis offered by the theory of frames, mixing this approach with critical theories in social analysis about public sphere, discussions about urban space and political culture in Brazil, trying to offer new insights to understand the citizenship of homeless people in the Brazilian cities. Qualitative research based on documentary analysis, observation and in-depth interviews was carried out. Empirical research aimed to identify the main actors involved, describing their constitution, how and why they were engaged in the construction of the rights. The main results show that the formation of MNCR identity passes through the affirmation of their social identity as citizens and workers by assigning a value to the solid waste, as they spontaneous created a “waste picking economy” in the urban space. This also led to direct their actions to the government seeking to ensure public policies aimed at their integration into the economic and social scenario. An amplification of frames occurred, connecting their struggles with the environmental concerns of civil society and some market actors.
2014
Por muitos anos e em diversos lugares do mundo, os catadores de materiais reciclaveis tem realizado a coleta seletiva e, assim, atuado como protagonistas na transformacao do lixo em mercadoria. No Brasil, eles vem se organizando em associacoes, cooperativas e movimentos sociais desde o fim da decada de 1980. Mais recentemente, eventos importantes ? como a criacao do Movimento Nacional de Catadores de Materiais Reciclaveis, em 2001, e a aprovacao da Lei Nacional de Residuos Solidos, em 2010 ? contribuiram para que os catadores fossem colocados em evidencia para gestores de politicas publicas, para o marketing social de algumas empresas e para organizacoes nao governamentais.
Brazil is currently suff ering a deep economic stagnation and a severe political crisis, after a period of signifi cant economic growth. Th is paper aims to situate the Brazilian " social question " in both historical and current perspectives, focusing on the labor issue and relates it to the matters of development, labor informality and democracy. We intend to demonstrate that the end of the PT's government cycle, precipitated by a severe economic and political crisis and the recent impeachment of President Rousseff , will certainly lead to an unprecedented political and social backward step, after important social development took place. We also seek to demonstrate that with the current trend toward the precarization of work, a new boost in social development depends on the organizational capacity of informal and precarious workers.
2010
O presente trabalho analisa as acoes desenvolvidas pelo Programa Polos de Cidadania, na Vila Acaba Mundo, favela situada em Belo Horizonte. O Polos e um programa de extensao da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, que trabalha segundo a metodologia da pesquisa-acao. Na Vila Acaba Mundo, o programa ja participou da organizacao de tres grupos produtivos, os quais funcionam nos moldes da Economia Popular Solidaria. Sao varios os obstaculos, mas ja existem sinais de fortalecimento da cidadania, de incremento do capital social local e da melhoria da qualidade de vida da comunidade.