Basaloid-squamous cell carcinoma of the oral mucosa: Report of two cases and study of the proliferative activity (original) (raw)
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Histopathological Characterization of a Series of Oral Basaloid Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Case Reports in Dentistry
Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma (BSCC) is a rare, distinctive, and aggressive variant of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) primarily seen in the upper aerodigestive tract with epiglottis, soft palate, and base of the tongue being site of high preference in head and neck region. It differs from conventional SCC histologically and immunologically, is most frequently found in males in their sixth and seventh decades, and is frequently linked to alcohol and tobacco use. High stage disease with distant metastases, a high recurrence rate, and a dismal prognosis is how BSCC typically manifests. In the present article, we report four cases of BSCC.
Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma of oral cavity with incongruent clinical course
BMJ case reports, 2013
Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma (BSCC) is a rare variant of SCC having a marked predilection for the upper aerodigestive tract. It is regarded as a high-grade tumour with increased propensity for metastasis to distant sites. The histological hallmark of BSCC is its dimorphic pattern of presentation with a characteristic basal cell component associated with squamous component. We report two cases of BSCC on the buccal mucosa and gingiva, respectively, with the former presenting as a primary lesion in a patient without a positive history of tobacco and alcohol use and the latter present as a seemingly metachronous development from carcinoma lung. The proliferative index of the two diverse yet similar entities was assessed by Ki-67 labelling index (LI) and the association of human papillomavirus (HPV) was detected with p16 monoclonal antibody. The intrinsically aggressive behaviour of BSCC and its association with HPV is highlighted.
Basaloid Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Gingiva: A New Case and Review of Literature
American Journal of Cancer Case Reports, 2014
Introduction: Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma is a rare aggressive malignancy that is a distinct variant of squamous cell carcinoma. Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma (BSCC) of the oral mucosa other than the tongue is uncommon. Its aggressive clinical behavior is characterized by a high incidence of local recurrence, regional lymph node metastases and mortality rate. Because of the advanced stage at presentation, oral BSCC is prognostically worse. Presentation of Case: We reported a case of 45 year-old women who presented with a painful, reddish and irregular mass on the left mandibular gingiva and was diagnosed as Stage IV BSCC on the gingiva. Conclusion: Patients with BSCC have advanced disease at presentation. Accurate histopathologic distinction between the basaloid tumors is of considerable clinical importance. Survival rate of BSCC is less than poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma and should have separate treatment protocol from that of conventional squamous cell carcinoma.
Oncology Letters, 2014
Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma (BSCC) is a rare, but distinct histologic variant of squamous cell carcinoma in the head and neck region. It is considered to have a poor prognosis due to its aggressive behavior and tendency to metastasize. The usual sites of BSCC are the floor of the mouth, hypopharynx and base of the tongue, and according to the English-language literature its presentation in the gingiva is somewhat uncommon. In the current report, the unusual case of a 40-year-old male is presented; the patient exhibited a painless irregular mass in the maxillary gingiva, which infiltrated the maxillary sinus, as observed by computed tomography. Hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections revealed a diagnosis of BSCC with typical central necrosis in the cancer nests, which contained basaloid and squamous cells. Immunohistochemistry revealed that p63 was weakly positive, high molecular weight cytokeratin (CK) was focally positive, and S-100, CK7, CK14 and vimentin were negative. It must be noted that histopathology results may be incorrectly interpreted as adenoid cystic carcinoma, undifferentiated carcinoma and basal cell adenocarcinoma.
Journal of Dental and Allied Sciences, 2013
Background: Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma of oral mucosa is a rare and aggressive variant of squamous cell carcinoma. They can be differentiated from squamous cell carcinomas by their distinct clinical and histopathological features. Methods: 45 year old female patient presented with extra oral exophytic mass and intra-oral ulcerative lesion on right buccal mucosa and vestibule. The patient was referred for routine blood examination and radiography followed by incisional biopsy. The biopsy specimen was fixed, processed and stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin for further microscopic examination. Results: On microscopic examination basaloid cells were seen proliferating along with dysplastic squamous cells in the connective tissue stroma. Conclusion: Based on the histopathological findings a diagnosis of 'Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma' was made. The patient was referred to department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery for excision of the lesion followed by radiotherapy.
Pathologies En-Route of Oral Basaloid Malignancies to Basaloid Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Kathmandu University Medical Journal, 2015
Accurate histopathological diagnosis of any tumour is imperative because of variable prognostic and clinical implications. Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma (BSCC) is a rare distinctive histological variant of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) exhibiting an aggressive clinical course and poor prognosis. The advanced stage of presentation is speculatively responsible for this biological behaviour which is manifested by development of metastasis and subsequently poor survival. However, the non-specific clinical appearance and histopathological resemblance of BSCC with OSCC and other oral basaloid malignancies (OBM) especially in limited sample size poses diagnostic difficulties. The article emphasizes on the diagnostic criteria and pitfalls encountered in making the differential diagnosis of BSCC from OBMs along with report of a case presented at a dental college in January 2012.
Histological and molecular aspects of oral squamous cell carcinoma (Review)
2014
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) represents 95% of all forms of head and neck cancer, and over the last decade its incidence has increased by 50%. Oral carcinogenesis is a multistage process, which simultaneously involves precancerous lesions, invasion and metastasis. Degradation of the cell cycle and the proliferation of malignant cells results in the loss of control mechanisms that ensure the normal function of tissues. The aim of the current review is to present the histopathological features of OSCC, including potentially malignant changes, the international classification of tumors, the tumor invasion front and tumor biomarkers (Ki-67, p53, homeobox genes and collagen type IV), as well as the tumor microenvironment and function of cancer-associated fibroblasts in the most common type of oral cancer that is encountered by dental surgeons. In OSCC, associations have been identified between the proliferation, basal lamina degradation and connective tissue modulation. Therefore, the comparison of these factors with the survival time of OSCC patients from the histopathological diagnosis is of interest
A CLINICO-PATHOLOGICAL STUDY OF ORAL CANCERS
Biomedica, 2011
Background: In many Asian cultures where chewing betel, paan and areca is common, oral cancer represents up to 40% of all cancers. It may arise as a primary lesion originating in any of the oral tissues, by metastasis from a distant site of origin, or by extension from a neighboring anatomical structure. A tissue biopsy and microscopic examination of the lesion confirms the diagnosis and malignancy of oral cancer.