The status of diabetes control in Kurdistan province, west of Iran (original) (raw)
Factors associated with control of type 2 diabetes mellitus in North Iran
Clinical Diabetology, 2020
Backround. Diabetes is an important public health problem, one of four priority noncommunicable diseases targeted for action by world leaders. The aim of this study was to investigate the factors affecting diabetes control in patients with type 2 diabetes in the rural areas of northern Iran. Methods. This study was conducted following a descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study design based on the data of 308 patients with type 2 diabetes in the rural areas of Golestan province. The samples were selected through two-stage stratified random sampling. Data were collected using a questionnaire (completed by the interviewer) and by measuring the blood glucose, blood pressure, and lipid profile of patients and also using data from patients’ records. Data were analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistics and SPSS version 19. Results. The mean age of patients was 57 ± 15 years and 220 patients (71%) were female. Fifty-five percent of patients had a family history of diabetes and...
Frontiers in Public Health
Background: Diabetes mellitus is among the most serious health challenges worldwide. We assessed the prevalence of pre-diabetes (pre-DM) and diabetes (DM), the effectiveness of diabetes management, the 5-year incidence rate, and associated variables in the adult population in southeastern Iran.Methods: In a random cluster household survey (2014–2018), 9,959 adult individuals aged 15–80 years were assessed for coronary artery disease risk factors, including diabetes mellitus in Kerman (KERCADRS, phase 2). Among these people, 2,820 persons had also participated in phase 1 of the study 5 years earlier (2009–2011). Univariable and multivariable survey logistic regression models were used to identify the potential predictors of diabetes and pre-diabetes.Results: The prevalence of pre-DM was 12% (males 13.2% vs. females 11.1%), steadily increasing from 7.1% in the 15–24 years group to 18.4% in the 55–64 years group. The prevalence of DM was 10.2% (male and female, 7.9 and 10.8%, respectiv...
Journal of Diabetes Research
Aims. This study is aimed at estimating the prevalence, awareness, treatment, and glycemic control of diabetes mellitus (DM) and its associated factors in an Iranian Kurdish population. Methods. Baseline data of the Ravansar Non-communicable Disease (RaNCD) cohort study, consisting of adults aged 35-65 years, were used. Diabetes was defined as a fasting plasma glucose (FPG) of 126 mg/dl or higher, being on diabetes medication, and/or diabetes confirmed by a health practitioner. Results. Nine thousand nine hundred ninety-nine participants were assigned to this study. The prevalence of DM, awareness, treatment, and glycemic control of DM were 8.19, 74.97, 74.75, and 32.68, respectively. Based on the adjusted models, increased age (p<0.01); obesity or overweight (p<0.01); being ex-smoker (p<0.05); suffering from dyslipidemia (p<0.01), hypertension (p<0.01), or both of them (p<0.01); and positive family history in the first-degree relatives (p<0.01) were strongly as...
Effective factors in controlling diabetes progression among patients in the northwest of Iran
Journal of Natural Science, Biology and Medicine, 2016
Background: Diabetes is the fth leading cause of death in the world. Hence, we investigated the factors affecting disease control among diabetic patients referred to Imam Reza Hospital (central hospital in the Northwest of Iran). Materials and Methods: One hundred and eight diabetic patients were evaluated. Patient's main medications including insulin, metformin, glibenclamide, and glytazon were registered and the levels of fasting blood sugar (FBS), glucose 2 h postprandial (pp), and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) were measured. All risk factors were evaluated by using a questionnaire completed by the patients. Results: The average of HbA1c, FBS, and glucose 2 h pp was 7.33%, 159 mg/dl, and 233.03 mg/dl, respectively. In patients whose disease was controlled, the family history of the disease, the type of medication, and the visits to family physician had a signi cant association with disease control. The average mean of HbA1c among patients with controlled and uncontrolled disease was 5.93% and 8.63 % respectively. Conclusion: Less stress, education, and weekly exercise had an essential role in controlling the disease in diabetic patients from the Northwest of Iran and noncompliance with the prescribed diet by the physician and lack of timely medicine intake were the main reasons for uncontrolled disease.
OBJECTIVE-Despite concerns regarding a diabetes epidemic in the Middle East, internationally published data on national estimates of prevalent type 2 diabetes in Iran do not exist. With this article, we document a dramatically high prevalence of diabetes in Iran. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS-Our data are based on the results of the first Survey of Risk Factors of Non-Communicable Diseases of Iran, 2005. In this national cross-sectional survey, 70,981 Iranian citizens aged 25-64 years were recruited. RESULTS-We found that 7.7% of adults aged 25-64 years, or 2 million adults, have diabetes, among whom one-half are undiagnosed. An additional 16.8%, or 4.4 million, of Iranian adults have impaired fasting glucose. CONCLUSIONS-The high prevalence of diabetes in working-age adults is an ominous sign for this developing nation. As the relatively young Iranian population ages in the future and urbanization continues or accelerates, the prevalence of diabetes will likely escalate. Diabetes Care 31:96-98, 2008 T he Middle East is expected to bear one of the world's greatest increases in the absolute burden of diabetes in the coming decades. Most of this increase is anticipated to affect the economically productive 45-to 64-year-old age segment in contrast with most developed countries, where the increase in diabetic patients will occur in those aged 65 years (1). Although national estimates of the diabetes burden in Iran do not exist, the most recent study reported a high prevalence of diabetes in the highly urbanized population of Tehran, Iran's capital. (2) Here, we report the diabetes-related results of the national Survey of Risk Factors of Non-Communicable Diseases (SURFNCD) of Iran. As a population based sample of over 89,000 Iranians, this study provides an opportunity to estimate the national prevalence and burden of impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and diabetes. As such, it provides a valuable basis for public health planning. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS-The first Iran SUR-FNCD, a nationally representative cross-sectional health survey, was conducted in January and February 2005 using guidelines of the stepwise approach to non-communicable disease risk factor surveillance of the World Health Organization (3,4). In brief, a multistage probability cluster sampling scheme was used to randomly sample 89,400 adults aged 15-64 years from the urban and rural noninstitutionalized population of all 28 provinces of Iran. Participants were interviewed and examined to determine demographic characteristics and medical conditions, including history of diabetes. Participants who reported a history of physician-or health care professional-diagnosed diabetes were classified to have known diabetes. Subsequently, all participants aged 25-64 years (70,981 individuals) were asked to attend a health facility or laboratory for collection of blood samples following a 12-h fast. The departments of laboratory and medical diagnoses of each corresponding medical university in the provinces selected the laboratories based on standard instructions. The laboratories measured fasting plasma glucose (FPG) with coefficients of variation 3%. Of the 89,440 respondents, 18,459 individuals were aged 25 years, and of the remaining 70,981 individuals, 53,508 (75.4%) participated in the biochemical examination. Blood specimens were collected and handled under standard conditions. After excluding 406 (0.7%) subjects who did not fast and another 871 (1.6%) with invalid blood samples, FPG was measured in 52,231 individuals. In those without known diabetes, subjects with FPG 126 mg/dl were regarded as newly diagnosed diabetic case subjects. Those without known diabetes with FPG levels 100 mg/dl (5.6 mmol/l) but 126 mg/dl (7.0 mmol/l) were designated as having IFG (5). Data were analyzed considering the cluster and design effects using STATA, A table elsewhere in this issue shows conventional and Système International (SI) units and conversion factors for many substances.
Related factors to disparity of diabetes care in Iran
Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research, 2009
We determined, in Iranian patients with diabetes mellitus, the prevalence of inadequate glycemic control and its predictors. The data from a national population-based survey that included a random sample of 89 404 Iranian individuals in 2005 were analyzed. In that sample, 2923 diabetic subjects (age range, 25-64 years) were identified. We linked the results of their fasting plasma glucose levels with demographic and behavioral variables to determine predictors of poor glycemic control. About 57% of the subjects had a fasting plasma glucose level of > or =130 mg/dL. That percentage was comparable in male and female subjects and in literate and illiterate subjects. However, inhabitants in rural areas controlled their fasting plasma glucose level about 11% better than did subjects who lived in an urban area. We also found that control of the fasting plasma glucose level was much better in relatively younger diabetic patients. Diabetic subjects with a family history of type 2 diabete...
Scientific reports, 2017
We estimated proportions of different types of diabetes, comorbidities, treatment (the use of oral glucose-lowering agents and insulin), control (hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia and hypertension) and chronic microvascular and macrovascular complications among people with diabetes presenting to the tertiary-care academic diabetes outpatient clinics in Iran. This study is the prospective analysis of data (n = 30,202) from the registry of university-affiliated adult outpatient diabetes clinics in the country during 2015-2016. The proportions of type 1 diabetes, types 2 diabetes, and other types of diabetes were 11.4%, 85.5%, and 1.3%, respectively. The frequencies of drug-naivety, use of oral agents, insulin monotherapy and insulin combination therapy were 2.9%, 60.5%, 11.5%, and 25.1%, respectively. Around 13.2%, 11.9% and 43.3% of patients with diabetes had controlled hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia and hypertension, respectively. The proportions of retinopathy, nephropathy, peripheral neu...
Iranian Journal of Public Health, 2017
Background: Most adult patients with diabetes have at least one comorbid chronic condition and approximately 40% have three or more. The purpose of this study was to investigate detailed characteristics of studies examining comorbidities of diabetes in Iran and to identify knowledge gaps in this field. Methods: All documents published by Iranian authors in national and international journals until 2015 were evaluated. A wide search was performed in PubMed, Web of Science, SCOPUS as well as SID, IranMedex and Magiran databases using proper keywords. The obtained documents were categorized into eleven subgroups of complications, comorbidities, management, psychiatry, nutrition, prevention, physical activity, genetics, basic sciences, education and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Documents were categorized based on WHO and Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) classification, the study methodology and topic. Results: Overall, 311 documents were obtained. ...