Experimental Study On Modified Double Slope Solar Still And Modified Basin Type Double Slope Multiwick Solar Still (original) (raw)
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Exploring of Water Distillation by Single Solar Still Basins
American Journal of Climate Change, 2013
The lack of potable water poses a big problem in Syria. The underground water, where exists, is usually brackish and cannot be used as it is for drinking purposes. Syria lies in high solar isolation band and the vast solar potential can be exploited to convert saline water to potable water. The most economical and easy way to accomplish this objective is using solar still. The purpose of the project is to evaluate the potential of using a solar still basin. To implement this goal three similarly solar still basins have been designed, manufactured and tested in selected day for saline water in month of November, 2010. Each solar still consists of insulated metal box with channels. Pyramidal glass covers attached to the basin at an angle (α = 45˚). The three basins have divided into three models (M1, M2 and M3). Before taking the measurement of the distilled water three different amount of water used, so for the (model M1) 3 liter of water, (model M2) 6 liter and (model M3) 9 liter, to study and evaluate the effect of water depth in the basin. The average daily output was found to be (3.924) liters/day for model (M1), (3.116) liters/day for model (M2) and 2.408 liters/day for model (M3) for basin area of 1 m 2 based on data of selected day.
Design and Performance Evaluation of Basin Type Solar Distillation Unit
Drinking water is still a big problem in most arid and remote areas. There is almost no water left on earth that is safe to drink without purification after 20-25 years from today. This is a seemingly bold statement, but it is unfortunately true. Only 1% of Earth's water is in a fresh, liquid state, and nearly all of this is polluted by both diseases and toxic chemicals. For this reason, purification of water supplies is extremely important.. The research work was undertaken to design and performance evaluation of basin type solar distillation unit at Department of Renewable Energy Sources, CAET, Talsande, Kolhapur. In this study, a basin type single slope active solar still was designed and fabricated, and a performance evaluation was carried out for different water depths 0.01 m and 0.015 m. The distillate output was 750 ml. The maximum thermal efficiency was 38.75 per cent.
DEVELOPMENT AND PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF A SOLAR WATER STILL
The availability of potable water is a necessity for human existence. A simple laboratory scale solar water still capable of holding 75 litres of water has been developed and evaluated. The highest temperature in the solar still occurred at the vapour region and reached up to 66°C. The productivity of the solar still varies with the depth of water in the still. The results of the productivity were 67.4 ml/m 2 h, 54.2 ml/m 2 h and 43.4 ml/m 2 h for depths of 20 mm, 40 mm and 60 mm respectively. The efficiency of the solar still was found to vary with the depth of water in the basin. The highest efficiency obtained for the solar still was 29.1% at a depth of 20 mm. Characterization of water quality before and after distillation in the solar still showed a reduction in chemical and microbiological constituents after distillation which was comparable to standard drinking water. The solar still could be developed at a small-scale workshop at reasonably cheap costs. Further work to improve the productivity of the solar water still is proposed. INTRODUCTION Supply of potable water is a major problem particularly in developing countries. The problem often faced is that protected or improved sources, such as boreholes and treated urban supplies, can still be contaminated such that microbiologically unsafe water is delivered [1]. Of major concern is the populace dwelling in rural regions of developing countries who do not have access to these improved sources and are at higher health risks as they depend on the natural sources like rivers, streams and springs which are often contaminated. The ability to be able to treat water on a domestic scale will therefore be of immense benefit. Nigeria lies within a high sunshine belt and solar radiation is fairly well distributed within the country. The annual average total solar radiation varies from 12.6 MJ/m 2-day in the coastal latitudes to 25.2MJ/m 2-day in the far north [2]. This vast amount of solar energy could be utilized in purifying water domestically. Solar distillation has been largely used in desalination. It involves utilizing solar energy for heating of water to cause evaporation. The vapour produced, then, condenses to produce distilled water. Gomkali and Datta [3] designed a simple solar still with a double-sloped glass cover plate which had an annual average productivity of 2.5 l/m 2-day and at an efficiency of 28%. Naim [4] also devised a single-stage solar desalination spirally-wound module which had maximum distillation efficiency of 34% and with a productivity of 575 ml/m 2-h. Medugu and Malgwi [5] designed and tested a solar still and claimed that the instantaneous efficiency increases with the increase of solar radiation and with increase of feed water temperature. Tarawneh [6] studied the effect of water depth on the performance evaluation of a solar still and stated that decreased water depth has a significant effect on increased water productivity, noting that the productivity of
A Review Paper on Performance Evaluation of Solar Still
International Journal of Recent Trends in Engineering and Research, 2017
for sustaining life on the earth Water is the basic need. This paper reviews desalination by solar still and the recent studies on Performance of solar still systems. With the passage of time due to rapid industrialization and civilization, their waste disposal along with ignorance of human being caused water pollution, which causes the world towards water pollution. Solar Distillation is one of the best Techniques to resolve this problem from available another techniques. But, due to its lower efficiency it cannot be commercial in the market. Some Modifications can be done to improve the solar still Performances. With the help of past research work we can conclude that if we are using multi layer absorber type solar still than its productivity will going to be increased and reflective radiation losses can also be reduced. Keywords-Review,solar stills, Absorbing Materials performance I. INTRODUCTION In underdeveloped countries Supply of drinking water is major problem. Water is a basic need Along with food and air for man. Human being has been dependent on rivers, lakes and underground water reservoirs for fresh water. Around 2 million children are dying and 40 million people are affected by water borne dices. However rapid industrialization may lead to a situation where by countries need to reconsider their option with respect to the management of its water resources. Surveys show that the about 77% of water available on earth is salty. Only 1% is fresh and the rest of 20% is brackish. Around 3 percent of the world water is potable and this amount is not evenly distributed on the earth. So, developed and under developed countries are suffering the problem of potable water. Distillation is an oldest technique to purify brackish water in to potable water. Various technologies were implemented for desalination from time to time and accepted by people without knowing future environmental consequences. Many developed countries have given priority to rural water supply in their development plans. Distillation of saline water, wherever it is available, is a good method to obtain fresh water. However, the conventional distillation processes are energy intensive techniques, and are the feasible for large stage. Expensive filtration and demonizing systems are even more expensive to purchase and use and will not totally purify the water by removing all contaminants. It does not take additional heat or electrical energy and even after the sun sets, distillation continues at a slower pace into the night. Recently, to increase the water vaporization by increasing the temperature on the internal fluid heat absorber, we have been experimenting with a unique optional solar energy booster using our top quality "Sola Reflex reflector"
Solar Still for Water Distillation
International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET), 2022
To produce pure water, it is known that the desalination of saltwater using solar systems and since a long time is a practical solution, especially in remote areas of rural, which suffer from the scarcity of drinking water due to poor infrastructure, many of which are not connected to the national water grid. The model was produced in ANSYS-CFD. The simulation was performed transient state to validate Practical experiments on solar distillation performance under the different climatic conditions of the city of Karbala, Iraq (latitude 32.6 °N and longitude 44.02 °E). The results of the ANSYS CFD simulation compared with the results obtained from conducting experiments, it showed a good agreement to solar still performance. Finally, it is clear that the simulation results are the ANSYS-CFD is a very important method for analyzing the solar still performance.
Design and Experimental Studies on a Single Slope Solar Still for Water Desalination
Water
Gulf countries experience an imbalance between water supply and demand, which leads to a dramatic decline in the amount of groundwater. Solar energy for water desalination is an attractive option in this region, where the climate is sunny all year. A very basic solar device called a single basin solar still is commonly used to convert available seawater into drinkable water. The issue of producing drinking water may be resolved by using this technique, but because of its low productivity, it is rarely used. The experiments were carried out on a south-facing, single slope solar still with a 23-degree inclination of the condensing cover from October to November 2022, on different days for different water depths. According to the findings, the solar still with 4 cm of depth (as compared to 5, 6, and 7 cm) exhibited the maximum water productivity (2.680 L/day) with an efficiency of 30%. When the solar still was equipped with an external mirror, the temperature in the basin was raised, a...
— The most important aspect for sustaining life on earth is water. In spite of its abundant availability, a small percentage can be used for drinking purpose (approximate 1%). The solar water distillation comes out to be a nontoxic and promising device which purifies water that uses a renewable solar energy source, Efficiency of the solar water distillation device can be enhanced by increasing evaporation rate that is a combined effect of solar radiation, cover glass temperature, water contamination density, base plate absorptivity and provide additional heat by solar water preheating system. And there are many designs available to get the high efficiency. This review paper contains information regarding the water scarcity and usage of renewable energy sources (solar energy etc...). It explains about the mechanism of the solar still and also the importance of the solar still in some areas where the portable water is not available.
Performance study of modified basin-type single-slope solar distiller
Euro-Mediterranean Journal for Environmental Integration, 2018
In this communication, performance of modified basin-type single-slope solar distiller (MBSSSD) is present. The effect of design and operational parameters like solar radiation, water, basin, inner and outer glass temperatures, wind velocity, water depth, and total hourly yield per day were assessed. A modified solar still has been introduced with less capital investment to enhance the productivity. The modification includes fabrication of a solar still with locally available material in the market, i.e., fiber-reinforced plastic sheet and acrylic. The east, west, and south walls of the MBSSSD are made transparent. With this modification, a significant increase in the heat input, distillate output have been obtained. No metal was used to design the MBSSSD during fabrication, which leads to a cost-effective development in the solar desalination techniques. Experiments were done on MBSSSD on typical days at different water depths in the month of April, 2017, at Allahabad (latitude 25°27ʹN and longitude 81°44ʹE), Uttar Pradesh (UP), India. Yield production was 3200 ml/m 2 /day and 2756 ml/m 2 /day at 1 cm and 2 cm depths, respectively. A 14% increase in distillate gained with the decrease in water depth from 2 cm to 1 cm. Keywords Desalination • Equivalent thickness • Passive solar still • Water depth List of symbols A ACRY Area of cross section of acrylic, m 2 A FRP Area of cross section of FRP, m 2 K FRP Thermal conductivity of FRP, W/m K K ACRY Thermal conductivity of acrylic, W/m K L ACRY Thickness of acrylic, m L FRP Thickness of FRP, m I G Global solar radiation, W/m 2 T a Ambient temperature, °C V W Wind velocity, m/s T ig Inner glass surface temperature, °C T og Outer glass surface temperature, °C T b Basin temperature, °C T w Water temperature, °C H d Total hourly yield/distillate, ml t Time, h This paper has been selected from the NFEST-New Delhi conference 2018 by the EMJEI Associate Editor Sudip Chakraborty
Journal of Thermal Engineering, 2021
Water desalination is the method of saltwater separating into two parts by using various types of energy. This paper offers an experimental work for solar distillation system to the production of drinking water by single slope solar still integrated with a parabolic dish. The result was compared with different solar still designs in the literature. The proposed solar thermal performance of the suggested solar still has been investigated to show its applicability in Iraq, Najaf (32.1N, 44.19E) during winter session (Nov., Dec., Jan.) 2018-2019. The assessment based on the effects of operational parameters, including solar irradiance, ambient temperature, wind speed, absorption wall temperature. A copper helical conical coil was used to compare steam condensation generated from the evaporator. The productivity of this study was 11.45 L.day, 8.2 L.day freshwater with and without coil condenser respectively, and average direct solar irradiance was 753.6 W.m. Comparison different types o...
An experimental study on an inclined solar water distillation system
Desalination, 2005
An inclined solar water distillation system was designed and tested under actual environmental conditions of northern Cyprus. Unlike solar still systems, the feed water falls down on the solar absorber plate, and the system produces fresh water and hot water simultaneously. It was suspected that the longer the flowing water is held on the absorber plate, the greater the rate of evaporation, leading to an increase in the amount of distilled water. Therefore, the system was tested with three variants: bare plate, black-cloth wick, and black-fleece wick. As was expected, the wicks increased the fresh water generation by two or three times of a bare plate. The hot water temperature was good enough for domestic usage.