Nanomaterials and their applications (original) (raw)

Nano materials and their Applications Seminar20200419 55547 q9r6wd

Nanomaterials has become one of the most prominent subjects in diverse fields of applications. Nanomaterials have emerged as one of the most promising things in different fields ranging from biomedical to pharmaceutical. The word nanomaterial originated from the Latin word 'Nanos' which means very small. Hence nanomaterials are particles of extremely small dimensions in the range of nanoscale. Nanotechnology has just added to the number of creative items in different building disciplines due to their remarkable and compensating substance, physical, and mechanical properties. One famous utilization of nanomaterials is nanotubes. Carbon nanotubes (CNT) are one of an illuminative model for the capability of nanotechnology. The elasticity of high carbon steel is around 1.2 GPa however the rigidity of carbon nanotubes (CNT) is 63 GPa. Likewise they are known to be perhaps the most grounded material having been created by nanotechnology up until this point. 1.1) WHAT ARE NANOMATERIALS? Nanomaterials can be seen as the building blocks or cornerstones of nanotechnology. Nanomaterials are defined as substances having at least one dimension in nanoscale i.e. less than approximately 100 nanometers. These materials play an important role because of the presence of unique magnetic, electrical ,optical and many other such properties at such a small scale. Many properties are seen to emerge at nanoscale range. Hence , Nanomaterials deal with substances in the range of 1-100 nm. 1.2) HISTORY The history of Nanomaterials started all after the big bang when formation of nanostructures occurred in the early meteorites. Many different nanostructures were identified after that such as sea shells. The Scientific approach of nanomaterials started however was developed much later. Michael Faraday's study on colloidal gold particles is one of such scientific reports known. Besides this , It has been more than 70 years of investigation on nanostructured catalysts. Today nanophase building extends in a quickly developing number of basic and practical materials, both inorganic and natural, permitting control of mechanical, reactant, electric, attractive, optical and electronic capacities. The creation of nanophase or group amassed materials is generally founded on the formation of isolated little bunches which at that point are melded into a mass like material or on their installation into minimized fluid or strong network materials.

Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology

Nanoscience primarily deals with synthesis, characterization, exploration, and exploitation of nanostructured materials. These materials are characterized by at least one dimension in the nanometer range. A nanometer (nm) is one billionth of a meter, or 10-9 m. One nanometer is approximately the length equivalent to 10 hydrogen or 5 silicon atoms aligned in a line. The processing, structure and properties of materials with grain size in the tens to several hundreds of nanometer range are research areas of considerable interest over the past years. A revolution in materials science and engineering is taking place as researchers find ways to pattern and characterize materials at the nanometer length scale. New materials with outstanding electrical, optical, magnetic and mechanical properties are rapidly being developed for use in information technology, bioengineering, and energy and environmental applications. On nanoscale, some physical and chemical material properties can differ significantly from those of the bulk structured materials of the same composition; for example, the theoretical strength of nanomaterials can be reached or quantum effects may appear; crystals in the nanometer scale have a low melting point (the difference can be as large as 1000°C) and reduced lattice constants, since the number of surface atoms or ions becomes a significant fraction of the total number of atoms or ions and the surface energy plays a significant role in the thermal stability. Therefore, many material properties must now be revisited in light of the fact that a considerable increase in surface-to-volume ratio is associated with the reduction in material size to the nanoscale, often having a prominent effect on material performance. Historically, fundamental material properties such as elastic modulus have been characterized in bulk specimens using macroscopic, and more recently microscopic, techniques. However, as nanofabrication advances continue, these bulk properties are no longer sufficient to predict performance when devices are fabricated with small critical dimensions.

STUDY OF NANOMATERIALS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS

Nano science and innovation is the present day world idea which depends on the exploration of small molecule inside the size extent no less than one measurement estimated from 1 to 100 nanometers. Nonmaterial are material science based way to deal with nanotechnology. In nano scale size all materials have a significant substantial surface zone to volume proportion. This single trademark clears route for new quantum mechanical impacts. Because of these impacts the span of the molecule decreases, which causes an adjustment in the electronic properties of the strong. At the point when the span of the material gets to be miniaturized scale, there won't be any impedance of the quantum impact. Be that as it may, the impact will begin its play when the material gets to be nano-sized. There will be changes in the physical and chemical exercises of the material. When the material changes from large scale to nano-scale accordingly, it is comprehended that there is a radical change in properties. These progressions can be exceptionally one of a kind and can be utilized for an assortment of uses. This paper gives a study of different nonmaterial and their applications.

Analysis of nanosciences and nanotechnology and their applications

2021

The small world of matter is getting smaller and smaller. Nano sciences in recent years had huge developments allowing nanotechnologies to take enormous steps in the development of materials and processes. Numerous applications in a wide scope of fields are very beneficial for humans, and many researches in development are very promising. Applications in medicine, industry, electronics, energy, or aeronautics are only some examples of areas where enormous benefits exist, and potentialities are clear. Some nanotechnologies are already applied and others are in development or testing phases.

Applications and Characteristics of Nanomaterials in Industrial Environment

TJPRC, 2013

Nanomaterials are the keystones of nanoscience and nanotechnology. Nanoscience and Nanotechnology is a wide area of research and development activity that has been growing explosively worldwide from the last few years. It has the potential for developing the ways in which materials and products are generated and the range and nature of functionalities that can be accessed. It is already having a significant commercial impact, which will definitely increase in the future. Nanoscale materials can be defined as a set of substances where at least one dimension is less than around hundred nanometers. A nanometer is one millionth of a millimeter approximately one lakh times smaller than the diameter of a human hair. Nanomaterials are of interest because at this scale unique optical, magnetic, electrical, and other properties emerge. These emergent properties have the potential for great impacts in industrial machinery and other fields.

Applications of nanotechnology in Science and technology: - Review paper

Journal of emerging technologies and innovative research, 2021

Nanoscience and nanotechnology are the study and application of extremely small things and can be used across all the science field such as chemistry, biology, physics, material science Nanotechnology has emerged as an important field of modern scientific research due to its diverse range of applications in the area of electronics, material sciences, biomedical engineering, and medicines at nano levels such as healthcare, cosmetics, food and feed, environmental health, optics, biomedical sciences, chemical industries, drug-gene delivery, energy science, catalysis, reprography, light emitters, nonlinear optical devices, and photoelectron chemical applications and other applications. It gives a brief description about Nanotechnology and its application in various fields. In this paper we also discuss about present and future application of nanotechnology for human efforts but needs further study in sensor technology, cancer curing and drug delivery system. Nanomaterials are being used to build a new technology of solar cells, and novel hydrogen storage systems able to delivering clean energy to countries quiet reliant on traditional, non-renewable contaminating fuels.

Chapter - INTRODUCTION TO NANOMATERIALS

Introduction to Nanomaterials 1.2 are of interest because at this scale unique optical, magnetic, electrical, and other properties emerge. These emergent properties have the potential for great impacts in electronics, medicine, and other fields. Fig. 2. Nanomaterial (For example: Carbon nanotube)