Physiological responses of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) to drought stress and its amelioration: A review (original) (raw)
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Variability in Drought Stress Induced Responses of Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Genotypes
Drought stress is one of the important abiotic stresses which can limit the crop growth and yield by altering various physiological and biochemical processes. Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is an important oil seed cash crop and can be affected by dry spells during critical pheno-phases. A field trial was conducted with six genotypes-JL-24, ICGV 91114, Narayani, Abhaya, Dharani and Greeshma in order to identify genotypic variability in physiological and biochemical changes that are triggered during drought stress. Drought stress imposition at flowering stage reduced Anet, gs, Tr and WUE. Reduction of Anet ranged from 60% (Abhaya) to 77% (ICGV 91114) whereas the reduction in Tr was lower. The genotypes Dharani and Abhaya with higher Anet and better intrinsic WUE at leaf level during stress period along with highest membrane stability index (MSI), higher accumulation of proline, FAA and total soluble proteins with better yield potentials proved to be tolerant to drought stress. The results indicated that response of groundnut genotypes to drought stress differed significantly and genotypes Dharani and Abhaya are likely to be tolerant to drought stress.
Physiological and Yield Responses of Groundnut(Arachis hypogaea L.) Genotypes to Drought
2016
Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is an important oil seed crop mainly grown as rainfed crop. Due to erratic rainfall and frequent drought during the crop growth period, groundnut yields are generally low and unstable under rainfed conditions. Drought during critical crop growth stages is crucial for yield in groundnut varieties. But tolerant genotypes may give better yield due to maintenance of physiological responses that were triggered during drought. The experiment was conducted in the Department of Crop Physiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore during 2015-2016 to study physiological characters responsible for improving yield of different groundnut genotypes viz., CO 7, COGn 4, TMV 7 and TMVGn 13 under water stress at different flowering phases viz., pre flowering drought (PFD) during 15- 30 DAS, flowering drought (FD) during 35-50 DAS and post flowering drought (PoFD) during 75-90 DAS by withholding irrigation and control was also maintained with watering up to ...
Applied Research in Science and Technology
Identification of drought tolerant genotypes with superior drought tolerant physiological traits is essential for the success of drought tolerance breeding program. This study was conducted to observe physiological response of drought tolerant groundnut genotypes associated with different stress levels. During 2021-2022 post-monsoon season, eight groundnut genotypes were evaluated under non-stress (field capacity), moderate stress (50 % available water) and severe stress (25 % available water) conditions. The experiment was undertaken using split plot design. Increasing drought stress levels decreased relative water content and increased canopy temperature and proline content. Total chlorophyll content increased under moderate stress condition and decreased under severe stress condition in some genotypes. The genotype ICGV-07235 and the drought tolerant check variety, Sinpadetha-12 showed consistent RWC values under different stress levels. The genotypes ICGV-07235, ICGV-07406 and S...
Agronomy
Drought is a major crop production constraint worldwide. Some legume crops are known for their ability to resist water deficit stress. This study evaluated the responses of bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc) and groundnut (Arachis hypogaea (L.) to soil water deficit stress. The experiment was set as a split-plot randomized complete block design. Three bambara groundnut landraces: viz DodR, NALBAM 4 and S19-3, and one groundnut variety, MNANJE, were assigned to subplots with three water regimes assigned to main plots (regime one: irrigated throughout the growing period, regime two: water deficit stress was imposed at the start of flowering to the end of first flush flowering, regime three: water was withheld during the pod development). Water deficit stress increased proline content by 123% in stressed plots. The highest (174%) and lowest (89%) proline increases were evident in the genotypes MNANJE and NALBAM 4, respectively. Water deficit decreased stomatal conductance...
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Two field experiments were conducted during Rabi 2014-15 and 2015-16 to screen 12 peanut genotypes for physiological traits and to study the changes in gas exchange parameters under water deficit condition. The two years data on various physiological and yield traits was collected, pooled and subjected to Repeated Measures mixed Analysis of Variance (RMANOVA) at a probability level of 5 % and Principal Component analysis was carried out using SPSS 20.0software. The physiological traits viz., gas exchange parameters, SCMR, SLA, RWC, RI and CSI of peanut leaves significantly differed among irrigation treatments and genotypes. From the PCs, it was clear that among all the twelve variables, photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate and pod yield are the major source of variation both in T1 and T2 treatments. Our results suggest that the genotypes TCGS 1345 followed by TCGS 1343 are promising genotypes which maintained least deviation on physiological traits and recorded high pod yields un...