EMG-based Prosthetic Leg for Above-Knee Amputee (original) (raw)

Design and Development of an EMG Driven Microcontroller Based Prosthetic Leg

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Physics, 2013

Over the past years prosthetic legs have become much improved although complex. However their costs are high and are not within the reach of most people in the Third World. Low-cost fixed prostheses are available in the Third world countries of Asia and Africa, but these offer very basic movement with unnatural gait; climbing stairs gets quite difficult. The prosthesis being worked upon in the present work are for amputees with legs removed above the knee, and would offer a limited rotational movement of the knee joint under voluntary control of the wearer, driven by the EMG signals extracted from thigh muscles. The aim is to make it at a low cost, may be at a cost slightly higher than the passive ones, but allowing a better gait in walking, and in climbing stairs. An initial work was done in this direction by our extended group earlier; the present work gives further improvements. This involves redesigning of the motor and the gear system and that of the electronic circuitry for pr...

Design of a cost-effective EMG driven bionic leg

2008 International Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering, 2008

Conventional low cost leg prosthesis is essentially a fixed passive structure which makes walking possible with some difficulty, and climbing stairs is extremely difficult. The present work was taken up to design a low cost bionic leg prosthesis which will have an active (battery powered) limited rotational movement of the knee joint, controlled by voluntary EMG (electromyogram) signals from two opposing muscles from the thigh, one to rotate the leg backwards (flexion) and the other forwards (extension). The goal is to provide amputees with improved leg prostheses at low cost. EMG signal was acquired and processed to control a dc servo motor operating the knee joint using a microcontroller. The designed prosthesis will allow a user not only to walk with a better gait, but also to climb stairs with ease.

EMG based Control of Transtibial Prosthesis

Proceedings of the International Conference on Health Informatics and Medical Application Technology, 2019

Amputation is defined as the loss of a limb. Transtibial amputation is the amputation below the knee. The purpose of this research is to develop an Electromyography (EMG) based control to mimic the three positions of an ankle. The EMG signals are extracted using eight channel Myo Armband on the tibialis muscles on eight subjects. These signals correspond to the two extreme positions of an ankle and a rest position. The features are extracted and K-Nearest Neighbour is used as a classifier to differentiate between the extreme positions with 98.75 % training classification accuracy. The classified signals are then used to control the prosthesis which mimics the ankle movement. This research can be applied to rehabilitate the ankle and help the people with lower limb amputations.

Prosthetic limbs Interfacing with Electromygraphy (EMG) Signal.

This thesis is based on collecting EMG (Electromyography) signal from our body and interfacing that with microcontroller and with software simulation combination that means building up a bionic system that will help people who lost their limbs in an accident or in any other incident.Total process has 2 parts. Hardware part: That includes a machine with micro controller with a code burned into it (to rotate or control a stepper motor) that will be placed at the position of the lost limbs. Signal part: That includes the switch to the Hardware part. That is so called EMG signal which will be detected form our skeletal muscles and forwarded this signal to the hardware part. For every movement there is a specific signal from our brain that will control the Hardware part with the signal. The total Thesis is on developing the whole system, studying on biomedical terms, taking the signal from body, characterise them &the Hardware part.

Upper Limb Prosthesis Using EMG Signal: Review

The International Journal Of Science & Technoledge , 2014

Time and frequency domain features of the surface electromyogram (EMG) signal acquired from multiple channels have frequently been investigated for use in controlling upper-limb prostheses. We propose the use of EMG signal whitening as a pre-processing step in EMG-based motion classification. Whitening decor relates the EMG signal and has been shown to be advantageous in other EMG applications including EMG amplitude estimation and EMG-force processing. Drawbacks of using whitening include its substantial added computation and memory requirements, the need to collect calibration data, and possible robustness issues in the presence of high frequency noise. This draw backs can be overcome by the degrees of freedom (DOFs). DOFs implements pattern recognition algorithms that use surface electromyography (EMG) signals show great promise as multi-DOF controllers. Unfortunately, current pattern recognition systems are limited to activate only one DOF at a time. This study introduces a novel classifier based on Bayesian theory to provide classification of simultaneous movements. This approach and two other classification strategies for simultaneous movements were evaluated using non amputee and amputee subjects classifying up to three DOFs, where any two DOFs could be classified simultaneously. Similar results were found for non-amputee and amputee subjects. The new approach, based on a set of conditional parallel classifiers was the most promising with errors significantly less than a single linear discriminant analysis (LDA) classifier or a parallel approach. The low error rates demonstrated suggest than pattern recognition techniques on surface EMG can be extended to identify simultaneous movements, which could provide more life-like motions for amputees compared to exclusively classifying sequential movements. The current statistics includes average of 18,496 upper-extremity amputations every year, compared to 113,702 of the lower extremity. Of those, only 1900 are above the wrist. Among upper-limb amputees, typically fewer than half wear prosthetic arms. An estimated number of 541,000 Americans were living with some form of upper limb loss in 2005 and this number is projected to more than double with an aging and growing population by 2050.

IRJET- DESIGN AND CONTROL OF VIRTUAL EMG BASED MCI FOR REHABILITATION PEOPLE

IRJET, 2021

This paper conducts a detailed investigation into the characteristics that electromyography (EMG) signals can represent the human body's motive purpose and details of muscle's motive state. Simultaneously, EMG signals may represent the characteristics of limb movement and its shifting laws, as well as gain the performance properties of limb movement, allowing for an appropriate evaluation of patients' recovery status. Our project aims to develop prosthetics for above-knee amputees, with an emphasis on obtaining EMG signals from the calf muscles of the healthy leg and processing them to generate control signals to actuate the prosthetic leg's knee joint using a microcontroller. We intend to create a lowcost, water-resistant, and simple-to-fit prosthetic leg. We created a mechanical system that can function without the use of a corresponding body part. It is used for patients who are differently abled or people who have lost a functioning part of their body due to an injury.

Implementation of Prosthetic Hand through EMG Signals

Prosthetic device replicate the function of original human anatomy hand and is considered as a useful invention after facing many challenges. Electromyography (EMG) is detection of electrical potential or signals according to the contraction or expansion of Muscles. Contraction/Expansion of muscle generates the electrical potential of few micro volts. EMG controlled prosthetic hand are hardly ever available in Pakistan. The reason of this unavailability is its high price and lack of research. This paper presents the implementation of EMG controlled prosthetic hand. The purpose of this research is to design a low cost multifunctional microcontroller based EMG prosthetic hand. Functional prototype is working according to the design. More research work should be supported and carried out, if this prototype has to be launched commercially.

Surface EMG Signal Acquisition Analysis and Classification for the Operation of a Prosthetic Limb

International Journal of Bioscience, Biochemistry and Bioinformatics, 2018

Biomedical Signal Processing is one of the key areas in Prosthetics. Electromyogram (EMG) signals are used in Prosthetic designing due to good corporation with biomechanics of human body. The aim of this research is to analyze Surface Electromyogram (SEMG) signal parameters related to upper limb speed and flexion angle for one test subject. SEMG signal acquisition was carried out noninvasively for upper limb elbow flexion with minimal ethical issues. Captured Surface EMG signals were amplified by INA128 amplifier IC and filtered by UAF42 filter IC into 0Hz-500Hz frequency range. Beaglebone Black digital signal processing unit was interfaced with MATLAB R2015a Simulink platform for processing of SEMG signals. Offline SEMG signal speed classification was done using Fast Fourier Transformation and Wavelet Transformation along with MATLAB R2015a software to classify elbow flexion with respect to speed. Graphical representation of Amplitude variations in each transformation results were able to distinguish the fast elbow flexion and slow elbow flexion.. Flexion angle was approximately calculated by goniometer and data were acquired using Arduino ATMEGA 2560 microcontroller. Applying Curve fitting algorithm to correlate SEMG signals with flexion angle will be the future studies. Ultimate goal will be a generalized algorithm for speed classification.

EMG Controlled Artificial Hand and Arm Design

WSEAS transactions on biology and biomedicine, 2022

Today, there are many people who have lost their hands or arms for various reasons. This situation affects both psychology and daily life of people negatively. With the developing technology, prosthetic hand and arm studies are carried out to facilitate the life of disabled people and to eliminate this negativity. Thanks to the existing biopotentials in the body, it is possible to read the human body. In this context, it can explain our hand and arm movements with the existing biopotential signals and transfer these signals to a prosthesis, enabling people to make the desired movement. Since the biopotential signals in the body are of very low amplitude and frequency, the first goal is to obtain the EMG signal cleanly without noise. In this study, the obtained analog signal was converted into digital information by using software in the computer environment. Thus, each signal gained a meaning. As a result, the movement of the prosthesis was provided by transferring it to stepper motors with the help of Arduino.

Real Time Control of Hand Prosthesis Using EMG

2016

Current solutions for below the elbow amputees include affordable prosthesis allowing only a single movement or highly expensive prosthesis allowing several gestures. In this project, our goal was to design a system that provides an inexpensive, multi-functional solution for the hand prosthesis problem. We construct a real-time, portable system based on the Myo armband and a 3D printed prosthesis and show that this framework can provide a good and inexpensive solution for below the elbow amputees of all ages.