A study on the accumulation of nine heavy metals in some important fish species from a natural reservoir in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (original) (raw)
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2013
In this research, in order to study the concentrations of heavy metals Cu, Zn, Pb, Ni, and Fe in Loach fish (Paracobitis rhadinaea), sampling was done in Chahnime water reservoirs. Afterwards, the fish were transported to the laboratories at Hamun International Wetland Research institute for preparation and digestion in order to measure the concentration of heavy metals. The concentration of heavy metals was measured using the Konic NOVAA 300 atomic absorption spectrophotometer on the basis of micrograms per gram dry weight. In the muscles, the concentrations of Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb, and Zn were measured to be 10.40±075, 196.04±10.88, 3.16±0.10, 4.35±0.68, and 118.04±50.08 μg per gram dry weight respectively. In the liver, the concentrations of Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb, and Zn were measured to be 35.27±16.13, 467.11±117.47, 15.15±3.69, 13.15±6.93, and 198.20±50.08 μg per gram dry weight respectively. Analysis of the acquired data showed that metal concentration pattern for liver and muscle tissues ...
2015
Abstract.-The contamination of heavy metals, such as chromium (Cr), iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) were evaluated in the water and tissues of African catfish Clarias gariepinus and Sabaki tilapia Oreochromis spilurus from Wadi Hanifah, Riyadh. The samples were collected from three sampling sites (Namar, Al-Masani and Al-Hair) of Wadi Valley of central Saudi Arabia during May-June 2013. The water and fish samples collected from Al-Masani, nearby a vehicle mechanical industrial area, were found to be more contaminated by Cr, Fe, Zn and Pb than those of other sampling sites. The high concentrations of Fe were detected in all the water and fish samples, followed by Zn, Pb, Cr, Co, Ni and Cd. However, none of the detected HM (heavy metals) concentrations were exceeded the permissible limits set by the different authorities. The estimated daily intake was found to be below the provisional tolerable daily intake (PTDI), established by the FAO and...
Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 2018
Contamination of freshwater bodies and consequently freshwater fish with toxic heavy metals is a serious environmental issue. The trophic transfer of potentially toxic heavy metals in the human food chains, especially in fish has important implications for human health. The present research study was designed to assess the concentrations of the heavy metals Cr, Ni, Cd, and Pb in the water, sediments, and different freshwater fish species of River Kabul, Pakistan. The heavy metals were quantified in the samples with Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. Heavy metal contamination in fish muscles was characterized in terms of metal pollution index and biota-sediments accumulation factor, while human health risk was assessed through calculation of estimated weekly intake. The average concentrations of Cr, Ni, Cd, and Pb in muscle samples of the analyzed fish species at different sampling sites of the river ranged from 12.3 to 33.0, 33.2 to 109.2, 0.98 to 1.5, and 13.9 to 29.6 mg kg ¡1 wet weight, respectively. Based on the current study data, consumption of the analyzed freshwater fish species from River Kabul was generally safe in terms of potential risk from Cd and Pb but the observed Ni accumulation may pose a potential health risk to regular/excessive fish consumers.
The most common heavy metals detected in surface water of Shah Alam River are arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg) and Zinc (Zn). The purpose of this study was to investigate the levels and pattern of heavy metal (Cu, Pb, Mn, and Zn) concentration in three fish species of Shah Alam River. Selected heavy metals were assayed in sampled fish gills, muscles and liver tissues, using an atomic absorption (AA) spectrophotometer. The results are expressed in µg/g. The order of heavy metal concentration was liver ≥ gills > muscles. In all selected fish species, Cu and Zn were detected in higher concentrations followed by Mn. Pb was only detectable in liver of all fish species. Most detected metal concentrations were negatively correlated with the fish (intraspecie) body weight except for Zn, which exhibited a positive correlation. Pb could only be detected in younger individuals of all given species. The body burden of heavy metal seemed to decrease as fish ages and grows in size. Likewise, the interspecies total body metal concentration decreased with increasing size and vice versa, indicating that smaller species in an aquatic ecosystem are more prone to metal accumulation than larger species. Positive correlation in case of Zn and Mn could be due to their higher concentrations in water. Although most metal concentrations were not elevated and were below the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) limits for corresponding metals in fish body, the levels of Pb were higher than the FAO set limits.
Biological Trace Element Research, 2011
Concentration of heavy metals (lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), and copper (Cu)) was determined in the liver, gills, kidneys, and muscles of eight edible fish species (Channa punctata, Cirrhinus reba, Labeo rohita, Heteropneustes fossilis, Mystus cavasius, Oreochromis niloticus, Puntius sophore, and Wallago attu) from upstream and downstream zones of the Nullah Aik and Palkhu tributaries of the River Chenab located in the Sialkot district known for its tanning industries worldwide. The pattern of metal accumulation in studied organs was in the order: Cr>Pb>Cu>Cd. Liver showed greater metal accumulation, followed by gills, kidneys, and muscles. Accumulation of Pb and Cr was significantly different in organs between upstream and downstream zones. Accumulation was greater in fish species dwelling downstream, indicating impairment of ambient stream water due to untreated discharge of industrial and municipal effluents into studied streams. Highest concentration of Pb and Cr and lowest of Cd was detected in H. fossilis whereas Cu showed higher concentration and Cr lowest concentration in P. sophore. In contrast, lower concentration of Pb and Cu was recorded in M. cavasius, O. niloticus, and W. attu. Mean concentrations of Cd, Cr, and Cu were higher in pre-monsoon compared to post-monsoon season. Measured concentrations of Pb, Cd, and Cr in muscles of species such as C. punctata, W. attu, L. rohita, P. sophore, and O. niloticus were above permissible limits of heavy metals for human consumption, indicating potential health risks. Therefore, these fish species from studied locations should be avoided for human diet.
Heavy metal accumulation in edible fish species from Rawal Lake Reservoir, Pakistan
Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2014
The aim of the present study was to describe the accumulation of trace metals in the liver, kidney, gills, muscles, and skin of four edible fish species (Tor putitora, Cirrhinus mrigala, Labeo calbasu, and Channa punctatus) of Rawal Lake Reservoir, Pakistan. The fish samples were collected in the pre-monsoon (May 2008) and post-monsoon (October 2007) seasons and were analyzed for heavy metals by using an atomic absorption spectrometer. Kidney and liver showed relatively high concentrations of heavy metals. The accumulation of metals in the different organs of the fish (skin, muscles, and gills) in post-monsoon was higher than in pre-monsoon. In pre-monsoon, the metals followed the trend Zn > Pb > Fe > Cr > Ni > Mn > Co > Cu > Cd > Li, while in the post-monsoon season, the trend was Fe > Pb > Cr > Ni > Zn > Cu > Co > Mn > Cd > Li. The concentrations of Ni, Cr, and Pb in the muscle of all fish species were higher than the WHO guideline values of heavy metals in fishes for human consumption except in T. putitora. Cu level was nearly equal to the WHO maximum levels in C. mrigala and L. calbasu, while it was lower in T. putitora and C. punctatus. It is strongly advocated that risk assessment studies should be conducted and there is an urgent need for water quality restoration and management of Rawal Lake Reservoir.
2020
The concentration of certain heavy metals (Pb, Zn, Cu, Mn, and Cd) was determined in the water, sediments, and tilapia fish (Coptodon zilli, and Oreochromis niloticaus) from the Tigris River and the fish ponds of Marine Science Centre, University of Basrah, Southern Iraq, during the period April-June 2019. Pb and Zn have the highest concentrations (0.51466 mg/100L) in fish ponds and (0.63 mg/100L) in the Tigris River. Heavy metal concentrations were generally higher in sediment samples than in water samples. Zn recorded a high level of heavy metals in fish pond sediments and the Tigris River. Lead (Pb) has been the most abundant heavy metal identified in the fish muscles. It varied from 0.3010 to 0.8560 mg/100 g in the muscles of C. zilli , and O. niloticus in the Tigris River, respectively. Cd, not detected in all samples of fish. The results showed significant differences (P<0.05) in the bioconcentration of metals in the muscles of O. niloticus and C. zilli fish. Pb shows the highest bioconcentration (8.7622 and 4.2016) in the O. niloticus and C. zilli fish muscles respectively in the waters of the Tigris River. Fish can accumulate heavy metals from their environment and act as bioindicators for these metals. Fish can therefore be considered as ideal organisms in the study of certain long-term variations in the heavy metal concentrations in their environments.
The study was carried out to assess the concentration of heavy metals in the water and sediments of a natural water reservoir in Wadi Hanefah, Saudi Arabia receiving heavy metal contaminated industrial waste. The overall concentration of heavy metals (Cu, Ni, Zn, Cr, Cd, As) in the organs of Poecilia latipinna was found to be 0.7-4.6 ppm in heart, 1.2-4.4 ppm in liver, 0.9-5.3 ppm in kidney, 0.8-4.6 ppm in gills, 0.5-3.1 ppm in muscles and 0.6-3.3 ppm in skin. The concentration of the heavy metals was higher in muscles and skin of fish from the Wadi Hanefah as compared with that of the control site. It has been found that the level of a few metals (Ni, As, Cu and Cr) in the various tissues of P. latipinna from Wadi Hanefah was higher than the acceptable limit for consumption by international standards.
Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2010
The untreated industrial and sewage wastes arising from industries and metropolitan activities make their passage to the River Ravi, Pakistan, where Balloki Headworks is one of the major sites of effluent concentration. This study was designed to evaluate the concentration of various toxic elements in fishes of that area compared to a nearby fish farm. The concentrations of heavy metals, such as As, Cd, Cu, Pb, Hg, and Zn, and electrolytes Ca, K, and Na were determined in different edible and non-edible fresh water fish varieties. Fish samples were collected from two selected sites and were analyzed for aforementioned elements. Higher levels of As (35.74–45.33 ppm), Cd (0.35–0.45 ppm), Pb (2.1–3.0 ppm), Hg (83.03–92.35 ppm) while normal levels of Zn (37.85–40.74 ppm) and Cu (1.39–2.93 ppm) were observed. Mercury, higher levels of which trigger cough, impairment of pulmonary function, and psychotic reactions, was significantly higher in all studied categories. At the sites under study, there has been observed alarming levels of toxic metals which are needed to be monitored regularly.
Bioaccumulation of Heavy Metals in Freshwater Fish Species, Anzali, Iran
Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 2011
The main objectives of study were to monitor the metals concentrations, in freshwater fish species, Carassius gibelio and Esox lucius; and to identify any relationships between species and bioaccumulation of metals. The highest concentration of metals (cadmium, 1.96; copper, 24.2; zinc, 49.6; lead, 5.4; chromium, 4.4) between the fish species and tissues was in the liver of Esox lucius, while the lowest (cadmium,0.21; copper,7.2; zinc,19.4; lead,0.9; chromium, 0.6 lg/g) found in the muscle of Carassius gibelio. Results showed that the metal concentrations were in fishes in descending order of zinc [ copper [ lead [ chromium [ cadmium, similarly in the tissue liver [ kidney [ gill * intestine [ muscle.