Response of duckweed to lead exposure: phytomining, bioindicators and bioremediaton (original) (raw)
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Environmental Engineering Research
The problems of heavy metal contamination in water have become alarming and necessitate efficient remediation. However, conventional water and wastewater treatment techniques are considered costly, and some are even not environment-friendly. These problems trigger the idea of utilizing plants in the treatment process of metal-contaminated water. The current work investigated the potential of duckweed (Lemna minor L.) in treating lead-contaminated water through phytoremediation. The duckweed was used as bioaccumulator of lead (Pb) in the prepared stationary and recirculated set-ups at 3, 6, and 9 d. The physicochemical characteristics such as pH, BOD5, DO, turbidity, and temperature of the influent and effluent were compared. The highest bioaccumulation of 62.8% was achieved at 3 d in the recirculated set-up. The result of the analysis showed that duckweed has the potential in phytoremediation considering better quality effluent. The concentration of Pb in the effluent of 0.93 mg/L i...
Plants, 2022
A laboratory experiment was led to examine the lead bioaccumulation capacity of Ludwigia stolonifera (Guill. & Perr.) exposed to various Pb concentrations (0, 10, 25, 50, and 100 mg/L) for 1, 3, 5, and 7 days. The lead accumulation increased as the metal concentrations in the solution increased and over time, to an extreme accretion of 6840 mg/kg DW(dry weight) at 100 mg/L of lead on the 10 days exposure. The proportion removal efficiency, translocation factor, and bioconcentration factor of the plant were assessed. The maximum bioconcentration factor values (1981.13) indicate that the plant was a Pb hyperaccumulator, and translocation factor values (1.85), which are >1, indicate fit of L. stolonifera for eliminating Pb in Pb-contaminated water. Photosynthetic pigments were decreased with increase of Pb concentration and time exposure. Total chlorophyll content and Chl a/b ratio lowered to between 46 and 62% at 100 mg/L Pb after 10 days exposure. Protein content and soluble carbo...
ROLE OF PH IN THE ACCUMULATION OF LEAD AND NICKEL BY COMMON DUCKWEED (LEMNA MINOR
Heavy metals are the most common non-biodegradable pollutants. Various remediation methods have been used for the treatment of heavy metal contaminated water. However, phytoremediation technology is currently being used due to its economically feasible and ecologically viable advantages. The aim of this study was to examine the role of pH in the accumulation capacity of Lemna minor in Pb and Ni contaminated water. The removal rate of Pb and Ni from L. minor was 99.99% and 99.30% respectively, after 28 days of exposure to the 10 mgl-1 Pb and Ni contaminated water at pH 5-6 and pH 6 respectively.
The aeration effect in pilot reed bed to phytoremediate water containing Lead (Pb)
A pilot reed bed study was conducted with the aid of aeration to remove lead (Pb) contaminated water using Scirpus grossus L. f. The plants were grown in sand medium in pilot-scale reed beds, and exposed to water containing Pb in a various concentration (10, 30 and 50 mg/L) with aeration rate of 2 L/min. The samples were taken on day-1, day-14, day-28, day-42, day-70 and day-98. The results showed that Pb concentration in water decreased 74% on day-7, 80% on day-14, 99% on day-28 and reach 100% on day-48 for treatment 10 mg/L. Pb concentration decreased 91% on day-7, 93% on day-14 and then on the day-28 the reduction reached 99% for treatment of 30 mg/L. For Pb treatment of 50 mg/L, the reduction reached 92% on day-7, 96% on day-14, and 99% on day-28. The sand adsorbed Pb up to 7.91×10-4 mg/kg for 10 mg/L, 1.07×10-3 mg/kg for 30 mg/L and 2.41×10-3 mg/kg for 50 mg/L. Pb uptake by plant was 2286 mg/kg on day-98, 4174 mg/L on day-28 CORRESPONDENCE Bieby Voijant Tangahu-Email: voijant@its.ac.id and 8297 mg/kg on day-14 for 10, 30 and 50 mg/L, respectively. The highest Bioaccumulation Concentration (BC) was 10618 for 10 mg/L on day-28, 81311 for 30 mg/L and 81467 for 50 mg/L both on day-42, with the Translocation Factor (TF) related to the same day of these BC were 0.13, 0.24, and 0.35 respectively. The highest TF value for 10 mg/L were 0.7 on day-98, 0.38 for 30 mg/L on day-70 and 0.59 for 50 mg/L on day-14.
Aquatic Toxicology, 2019
Lead (Pb) removal from water column was evaluated in batch experiments using naturally occurring Salvinia biloba Raddi (S. biloba) specimens collected from Middle Paraná River and exposed every 24 h to a fresh discharge of water contaminated with 2.65±0.07, 12.62±0.02 or 30.57±0.01 mg L-1 Pb, during 10 consecutive days. S. biloba demonstrated a great ability for metal concentration-dependent Pb removal under these stressful conditions. Additionally, Pb toxicity in plants was assessed by the quantification of physiological parameters in root-like modified fronds (named "roots"), and its aerial leaf-like fronds (named "leaves") of submerged S. biloba. Photosynthetic (carotenoids, chlorophyll a, b, and total) and antioxidant pigments (anthocyanins and flavonoids), soluble carbohydrate content, and membrane stability index of both roots and leaves were affected as the metal concentration increased. In general, root deterioration was more pronounced than that in leaves, suggesting a greater implication of the former organs in Pb removal by S. biloba. All of these deleterious effects were well correlated with qualitative changes observed at plant phenotype during the assay. In conclusion, S. biloba may be considered as a water fern useful in phytoremediation 3 strategies towards management of residual water bodies contaminated with Pb. In addition, these macrophytes could also be valuable for water biomonitoring contributing to improve risk assessments related to metal presence in wastewaters.
Phytoremediation of Wastewater Containing Lead (Pb) in Pilot Reed Bed Using Scirpus Grossus
Phytoremediationisatechnologytocleantheenvironmentfromheavymetalscontamination. The objectives of this study are to threat Pb contaminated wastewater by using phytoremediation technology and to determine if the plant can be mention as hyperaccumulator. Fifty plantsof Scirpusgrossusweregrowninsandmediumand600LspikedwaterinvariousPb concentration(10,30and50mg/L)wasexposed.Theexperimentwasconductedwithsingle exposure method, sampling time on day-1, day-14, day-28, day-42, day-70, and day-98. The analysisofPbconcentrationinwater,sandmediumandinsidetheplanttissuewasconducted by ICP-OES. Water samples were filtered and Pb concentration were directly analyzed, Pb in sand samples were extracted by EDTA method before analyzed, and Pb in plant tissues wereextractedbywetdigestionmethodandanalyzed.Theresultsshowedthatonday-28,Pb concentration in water decreased 100%, 99.9%, 99.7%, and the highest Pb uptake by plant were 1343, 4909, 3236 mg/kg for the treatment of 10, 30, and 50 mg/L respectively. The highest BC and TF were 485,261 on day-42 and 2.5295 on day-70 of treatment 30 mg/L, it can be mentioned that Scirpus grossus is a hyperaccumulator.
Duckweed as a Test Organism for Eco toxicological Assessment of Wastewater
2014
A chemical-specific approach is not sufficient to characterize the wastewater quality. Therefore, it is essential to use biological test systems with living cells or organisms that give a global response to the quantity of micropollutants present in the wastewater sample. Duckweed can be used in eco toxicological assessment of wastewater to monitor heavy metals and other aquatic pollutants, because duckweed may selectively accumulate certain chemicals. The plants possess certain physiological properties like small size, rapid growth (almost double in two days) between pH 5 and 9, and vegetative propagation, which make them an ideal test system. The objective of the present study is to evaluate the sensitivity of duckweed plant towards selected parameters for screening and biomonitoring complex effluent samples. In the various studies the possible phytoand genotoxic effects of partially treated industrial effluent waters were investigated. Obtained data from various studies demonstra...