Screening of Phytochemical Components of Leaf Extracts (original) (raw)
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Plants are sources of large amount of drugs comparising to different groups such as Antispasmodics, Emetics, Anticancer and Antibacterial etc. This present study reports three different solvents extracts and aqueous prepared from four Indian plants belonging to different families collected from Adhiyamaan Botanical Garden krishnagiri district Tamilnadu. The preliminary phytochemical screening was performed from these extracts for the presence of Alkaloids, Tannins, Saponins, Phlobatannins, Flavanoids and Terpenoids. Result shows that the content of plants are below the toxic level for man. The presence of Alkaloids, Tannins, Saponins, Phlobatannins, Flavanoids, and Terpenoids in all these plants investigation indicates that they could be used in the treatment of burns and wounds. Finally the high Alkaloid Flavonoids and Terpenoids content of the plants suggest their antioxidant potential and justifies their therapeutic action which could be used in drug formation.
Phytochemical Constituents of some Medicinal Plants
In this study, five medicinal plants materials were analysed in order to investigate the presence of phytochemicals and to determine amount of tannin, glucosides, hydrogen cyanide, steroid, soluble carbohydrate, flavonoid and alkaloid in the five selected medicinal plants. The five test plant materials were Azadirachta indica leaves, Garcinia cola seeds, Zingiber officinale stem, Gongronema latifolia leaves and Carica papaya leaves. Phytochemical analysis done on Azadirachta indica A Juss, Garcinia cola Henkel, Zingiber officinale Rose, Gongronema latifolia L. and Carica papaya L. revealed the presence of tannin, soluble carbohydrate, hydrogen cyanide, steroids, flavonoids, alkaloids as well as glucosides in all the extracts tested. It also showed the levels of tannin, soluble carbohydrate, hydrogen cyanide, steroids, flavonoids, alkaloids and glucosides in the
Phytochemical analysis of selected plants of India
Plantae Scientia, 2019
The present study has revealed the presence of phytochemicals considered as active medicinal chemical constituents. Important medicinal phytochemicals such as terpenoids, flavonoids, phenols, tannins, steroids, glycosides were studied in the collected samples. Plant Aegle marmelos Corr. having all these phytochemicals. Saponin was found only in two plants out of nine plants i.e. Achyranthes aspera Linn. and Semecarpus anacardium Linn. Terpenoids was found in Aegle marmelos Corr., Calotropis gigantean Linn.R.Br., Mimosa pudica Linn. Terpenoids are reported to have anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, antimalarial, inhibition of cholesterol synthesis and antibacterial. Cardiac glycosides content was found in Achyranthes aspera Linn., Aegle marmelos Corr., Mimosa pudica Linn., Tribulus terrestris Linn., Calotropis gigantea Linn.R.Br., Ricinus communis Linn.. Cardiac glycosides have been used for over two centuries as stimulant in case of cardiac failure.The flavonoids was found in Achyranthes aspera Linn., Aegle marmelos Corr., Calotropis gigantea Linn., Mimosa pudica Linn., Cissus quadrangularis Linn.Mart., Tribulus terrestris Linn. The biological functions of flavonoids apart from its antioxidant properties include protection against allergies, inflammation, free radicals, platelet aggregation, microbes, ulcers, hepotoxins, viruses and tumors.
Isolation and Characterization of Some Phytochemicals from Indian Traditional Plants
Biotechnology Research International, 2012
The present study was designed to evaluate relative contribution of different polyphenols (total phenolics, flavonoids, flavonols) and their antioxidants activities in aqueous extracts of different parts of some plants; Argemone mexicana, Datura metel, Calotropis procera, Thevetia peruviana, and Cannabis sativa. The antioxidants (total phenolics, flavonoids, flavones) were determined by chemical methods. The antioxidant capacities of these extracts were evaluated by FRAP assay. The results demonstrated that phenolic content was maximally present in leaves of T. peruviana. This plant exhibited minimum phenolic content in its flower as compared to other plants. The flower of D. metel contained maximum phenolic content. The flavonoids were present in highest quantity in leaves of C. procera while T. peruviana flowers showed maximum flavonoid content. The fruits of C. sativa contained maximum quantity of flavonoid as compared to other plants tested. The flower extract of C. sativa possessed highest FRAP value followed by A. mexicana and fruit of C. procera. The values of ratios of different polyphenolic compounds present in plant extracts indicated that flower of D. metel contained maximum total flavonoids and minimum phenolics. These results suggested that levels of total phenolics, flavonoids and their FRAP indices exhibited specificity to different plants and their parts.
Phytochemical analysis of the selected five plant extracts
Chemistry and Materials Research, 2013
Herbal medicine is still the mainstay of about 75-80% of the whole population, and the major part of traditional therapy involves the use of plant extracts and their active constituents. Plants were collected, identified, dried then extracted using hexane, Dichloromethane/methanol and water. Identification assays to test the presence of various chemical constituents were carried out. The five plants were: Sonchus luxurians, Ocimum americanum, Bridelia micrantha, Croton megalocarpus and Aloe secundiflora. The Phytochemical screening of the compounds present in the plant extracts were; alkaloid, glycosides, Saponins, reducing sugar, Steroid, Flavones and Catecholics. The most common compound in all the plant extracts was Catecholics. Steroids are used in medicine to treat many diseases. The Plant extracts can be possible candidates for drug development.
Pakistan Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology
The present study aimed at screening of phytochemicals qualitatively and quantitatively in six selected medicinal plants native to Shujabad, Multan, Pakistan. Screening of various phytochemicals (phenols, tannins, flavonoids, saponins, glycosides, steroids, terpenoids, anthocayanins, phlobatannins, coumarins, triterpenoids, cardiac glycosides, sterols and alkaloids)was done by preparing plant leaf extracts in different solvents i.e., ethanol, methanol and water. Optical density of total phenolic and alkaloid compounds was measured via UV-Visible spectrophotometer at 640 nm and 470 nm respectively. Phenols and anthocayanins were found in all the six selected medicinal plants. Alkaloids were absent in O. corniculata. Flavonoids were absent in R. communis. Tannins were absent in O. corniculata and E. prostrata. Phlobatannins, coumarins and triterpenoids were absent in O. corniculata and R. communis. Terpenoids were absent in R. communis. Steroids were only present in O. corniculata, C...
Phytochemical Examination On Leaves Of Different Plants
Journal of emerging technologies and innovative research, 2020
A wide range of medicinal value is provided by the natural products which are obtained from different plants. The study of traditional medicinal plants and their therapeutic properties plays a very important role in chemistry of natural products. Due to the increasing therapeutic use of natural products interest in this area is also increasing. The focus of this work is on methodologies that include extraction, separation and identification of natural products. The work was carried out on extraction of Piper betle and Justicia gendarussa leaves by three different solvents and then the identification tests of the chemical constituents were done. Different techniques such as chromatography i.e. Column chromatography and Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) as well as spectroscopic techniques were used for identification of compounds.
International Journal of Experimental Research and Review, 2023
The physico-chemical and spectroscopic characterization of five selected medicinal plants viz., Acalypha indica, Senna tora, Euphorbia hirta, Physalis angulata and Ziziphus mauritina are the essence and has been carried out to assess bioactive potential and to establish traditional belief in the light of scientific interpretation. Fresh leaves were collected from Paschim Medinipur district of West Bengal, India, dried and powdered for Proximate analysis, ultimate analysis and compositional analysis, FTIR and GCMS. The study revealed that the highest concentration of Volatile matter (75.452%), Bulk density (0.256 %), Swelling index (1.456 %), Cellulose content (61.727 %), Hemicellulose content (4.372 %) and Tannins (0.635 g/ 100g) was observed to occur in Acalypha indica leaf than other experimental plants. In Physalis angulata the percentage composition of fixed carbon (15.251%) and extractive content (1.974 %) was higher than others. Ash content (12.327 %), hemicellulose content (4.372 %), and lignin content (5.531 %) were observed to be higher in the Senna tora leaf than others. Total carbohydrate concentrations (9.619 gm/100 gm) and nitrogen content (2.050 %) were observed to be higher in Euphorbia hirta than others. Total protein (2.321 gm/100 gm), total fat (0.655 gm/100 gm), oxygen content (34.222 %) and Higher heat value (HHV) (16.546 %) were higher in Ziziphus mauritina than others. The existence of functional groups and the relevance of the presence of a specific bioactive component were determined using FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy) of the leaves of five plant samples. According to GCMS (Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy), five different medicinal plants contain significant bioactive chemicals. By using GC-MS analysis, a total of 10 bioactive compounds (Acalypha indica, Senna tora) and 8 bioactive compounds (Ziziphus mauritina, Euphorbia hirta, Physalis Angulata) were found in the peaks of methanolic extracts of five potential medicinal plants. The bioactive compounds like Cyclotrisiloxane, Hexamethyl-, Dodecane, 1-Fluoro-, Myo-Inositol, 4-C-Methyl obtained from Acalypha indica leaf extract, Palmitic Acid, Phthalic Acid, Cyclopentadecanol obtained from Senna tora leaf extract and 4-Tert-Octylphenol, TMS Derivative obtained from Euphorbia hirta leaf extract has no records of individual bioactivity as per Dr. Duke’s ethnobotanical and pharmaceutical database and are considered as novel bioactive compounds. Isolation of these compounds and successive bioactivity studies should be the thrust area for future researchers. Also, the current study confirms that specific plant leaves are a great source of important phytochemicals and can be used to make herbal formulations, practical medications, and complementary medicines.