Impact of Environmental Contaminants on the Testes of Oreochromis niloticus with Special Reference to Ultrastructure of Spermatozoa in Lake Manzala (Egypt) (original) (raw)
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Aquatic Toxicology, 2007
To estimate the influence of water contaminants on fish reproduction in the Mekong Delta area, we sampled cultivated male catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus), investigated testicular development, and measured persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and trace element levels in muscle and liver, respectively. Various testes sizes were observed although sampling took place during a short period. Histological analysis revealed that all developmental stages of germ cells were observed in catfish with large testis, whereas only necrotic spermatogonia but no other germ cells were observed in catfish with small testis. In small testis, furthermore, vacuolization and hypertrophy of Sertoli cells were observed. Measurement of POPs in muscle and trace elements in liver demonstrated that there were negative correlations between GSI and the concentrations of Pb, Mo, Rb and As. To clarify possible direct effects of Pb, Mo, Rb and As on spermatogenesis in fish, we investigated the effects of these trace elements on spermatogenesis using in vitro testicular organ culture of Japanese eel (Anguilla japonica). Treatment with each of the trace elements alone did not affect spermatogenesis. However, treatment with 10 −7 M of Pb, 10 −5 and 10 −4 M of Mo, 10 −5 -10 −3 M of Rb or 10 −5 M of As inhibited the spermatogenesis induced by 11-ketotestosterone (11KT). Furthermore, treatment with 10 −4 M of As in combination with 11KT caused necrosis of testicular fragments. Taken together, these results are consistent with the hypothesis that Pb, Mo, Rb and As can exert inhibitory effects on spermatogenesis in catfish inhabiting the Mekong Delta area.
Journal of Fish Biology, 2007
1.* Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Unidad de Cádiz, Puerto Pesquero, Muelle de Levante s/n, Apdo. 2609, 11006 Cádiz, Spain, UMR 7009, CNRS Marine Station, 06230 Villefranche sur mer, France and § Institut Français de recherche pour l'exploitation de la ...
Effects of exposure to cadmium in sperm cells of zebrafish, Danio rerio
Toxicology Reports, 2016
Cadmium is a natural element found in the earth's crust; it is usually associated with other metals, but due to the impacts caused by human activity, its concentration has increased in the aquatic environment. This metal may damage aquatic animal reproduction, decreasing the rate of fertilization of organisms such as fish. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the in vitro toxicity of different concentrations of cadmium (0 (control), 0.5, 5, and 10 g/L) using sperm cells of model organism zebrafish, Danio rerio. Structural parameters, including integrity and fluidity of the plasma membrane, concentration of oxygen species, mitochondrial function and DNA fragmentation were measured by flow cytometry. The following sperm movement parameters were also measured using the computer assisted sperm analysis (CASA) system: motility, time of motility, curvilinear velocity, average path velocity and straight line velocity in m/s. Significant effects were observed on path speed, straight speed, curvilinear velocity, motility time, progressive and total motility, and plasma and DNA integrity. The results showed that cadmium can negatively affect some reproductive parameters in D. rerio, which may reduce the fertility rate of these animals.
Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology, 2018
Objective of the present study was to investigate interactions between trace elements content and RedOx status, as well as sperm quality parameters (motility features, DNA fragmentation) in fish spermatozoa in natural conditions. Reproductively mature male freshwater fish (n = 16) of Cyprinus carpio breed were used in the study. Trace elements content was determined in fish milt samples by inductively-coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) and by cold-vapor atomic absorption spectroscopy (CV-AAS). Sperm quality evaluation was realized by computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA) quantifying several parameters: concentration, total motility, progressive motility, distance average path, distance curved line, distance straight line, velocity average path, velocity curved line, velocity straight line, straightness, linearity, amplitude of lateral head displacement and beat cross frequency. The general scheme of descending concentrations of trace metals in semen samples was following: Zn > Fe > Cu > As > Sr > Ni > Mn > Se > Pb > Cr > Cd > Hg. Total motility of spermatozoa was relatively high (91.45%), however progressive motility was not even half of this value (39.47%). Sperm DNA fragmentation values were relatively low (4.00-6.29%). The percentage of immotile spermatozoa showed a significant correlation with all RedOx status parameters and also with DNA fragmentation. Positive statistically significant correlations were observed between trace elements (Mn, Se, Sr, and Zn) and some qualitative spermatozoa parameters (velocity and distance parameters). Cu and Hg content shows similar negative associations with progressive motility. Hg also interacted with production of malondialdehyde. Overall, the present study suggests application of multi-component mixtures of environmentally related trace elements concentrations when assessing the potential reproductive risk. trace elements in the dys/function of male reproductive system in terms
International Journal of Fisheries and Aquaculture, 2015
Water pollution caused by heavy metals affects breeding and development in fishes of Harike wetland. The effects of heavy metals on fishes are related to their uptake and accumulation by the organism, resulting in metal induced disturbances in the structures and functions of various tissues and organs. Early life stage of fish development, such as oocytes maturation is very sensitive to intoxication. Samples of the fish Labeo rohita were collected from the two sites to assess the effects of the water quality and concentrations of heavy metals on the fish ovary. The histopathological changes in gonads have been studied due to exposure of different pollutants. It was concluded that incidences of gonadal abnormalities in the form of deformed oocytes, reduction in their numbers and lack of active oogenesis have been observed. From the results it is inferred that wetland is passing through an alarming situation because deformities in early stages of oocytes have been observed. It is posing a serious threat to the biodiversity existing there. It is recommended that waste water discharge from various sources should be treated to protect the fish and the public health from the menace of pollution.
Evolution of cadmium effects in the testis and sperm of the tropical fish Gymnotus carapo
Tissue & cell, 2015
The present study investigated the testis and sperm morphology of the tropical fish Gymnotus carapo after exposure to increasing CdCl2 concentrations (5-40μM) for 24 and 96h. The treatments induced Cd accumulation in the testis and a decrease in the gonadosomatic index from a 10μM. Cd induced alterations in testis since 24h; however the extension and severity of damages increased after 96h in all tested concentrations. Marked variations in the cysts size, proliferation of the interstitial tissue, infiltration of inflammatory cells, necrosis, reduction of germ cells and sperm aggregation was observed in 96h treated fishes. In this time, there was a complete absence of germ cells in the testis of fish treated with 40μM. The ultrastructural analysis allowed for the visualization of the initial damages over germ cells, such as the presence of vacuoles in the cytoplasm of spermatogonia, spermatocytes, and spermatids. Exposed fish (20μM for 24 and 96h) had alterations in sperm number and ...
The present study was carried out to evaluate the sub-lethal effect of Cadmium chloride in the testis of the air-breathing fish, Heteropneustes fossilis which were kept in aqueous solution of Cadmium chloride of two sub-lethal concentrations of 6mg/l and 9mg/l for 15, 30 and 45 days. The histo-pathological effect of Cadmium chloride in testis is characterized by regression after 15 days of 6mg/l exposure and spermatozoa in the lobules showed cytolysis after 30 days. After 45 days the seminiferous tubules get vacuolated and dilated. In 9mg/l concentration after 15 days, the components of testicular architecture disorganized and germinal epithelium was disrupted, whereas seminiferous tubules get vacuolated after 30 days and after 45 days extensive damage to germinal epithelium, necrotic cells, connective tissues and atrophic and prominent vacoulation was recorded. Key words: Toxicity, Heavy metals, Cadmium chloride, Heteropnuestes fossilis.
The industrial effluents once released in to the water give way to a chain of happening and the resultant effect is felt on humans, aquatic life and on the riverine ecosystem. Polluted waters not only pose a threat to the aquatic species inhabiting in them but also to humans who often come in contact with the water either directly or indirectly by consuming fish. Every chemical released into ecosystem has the potential of getting in to the human diet food chain and for most people; diet is the primary means of exposure to environmental contaminants. In the present investigation A. mola. were exposed to chronic treatment up to 21 days (LC50/10 values of 96 hours ) of heavy metals i.e. Mercuric chloride (0.04583 ppm.), Arsenic trioxide (0.2911 ppm.) and Cadmium chloride (0.6279 ppm.). The treated A. mola showed profound reduction in the size of the gonads and extensive destruction of the germinal elements in both the sexes. The mature stages were very largely destroyed while the earlier stages, particularly in the testis, underwent extensive atrophy at the chronic concentrations. An identical arrest of spermatogenesis was also observed, Severe damage in comparison in 21 days exposure indicate that damage in the gonads was indirectly related to dose and duration of treatment. Key words: Heavy metals, histopathology, Gonads changes, Amblypharyngodon mola.
Aquatic Toxicology, 2010
In the current work, seminal plasma was used for the first time as an incubation medium for monitoring short-time exposure effects of sublethal concentrations of mercury and cadmium ions on rainbow trout sperm. Sperm motility parameters (CASA) and hatching rates were used as gamete quality markers. Additionally live/dead sperm viability test and comet assay of DNA fragmentation were performed. We demonstrated that computer-assisted sperm motility analysis (CASA) may serve as a predictor of reproductive success, when milt contaminated with heavy metals is used. Results presented in this study demonstrate that mercury ions altered sperm motility characteristics at 1-10 mg Hg 2+ /l and 10 mg Cd 2+ /l and hatching rates at 10 mg Hg 2+ /l and 10 mg Cd 2+ /l after 4 h of exposure. Although mercury ions affected sperm motility parameters immediately after dilution with milt as well as at 4 h of exposure, no differences in sperm motility parameters were found between intact and mercury-treated milt after 24 h of exposure. Our results suggest that rainbow trout seminal plasma has a protective role against the toxic effects of mercury ions of rainbow trout sperm motility.
Microscopy Research and Technique, 2011
The present communication reports the ultra structural abnormalities in sperm of a fish species Cyprinus carpio inhabiting a polluted lake, Umiam in NorthEast India. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed absence of differentiation between head and midpiece (neck) of some sperm while scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed some sperm tails with highly reduced length and some sperm with folded tail. Abnormal shape of some sperm head was also revealed by Scanning electron microscopy. Detachment of membrane from some parts of the sperm head and an outward expansion of the same was observed from Transmission electron micrographs of transverse section of sperm head. The well developed mitochondria surrounding the cytoplasmic channel in the sperm tail, as observed in control were found to be drastically disorganized in fish inhabiting the polluted lake. The study suggests that the fish C. carpio inhabiting the polluted lake Umiam is under severe stress as far as its male reproductive system is concerned. The study further suggests that Electron microscopic approach is extremely important in the assessment of adverse effects of environmental pollution on fish tissue.