Sources Contribution To Sediment Along The Qua Iboe River/Estuary Bank, South East, Nigeria (original) (raw)
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Grain Size Analysis of Sediments From Okpoama – Brass Beach in the Niger Delta
Journal of Environment and Earth Science, 2019
Granulometric analysis was carried out on sixty-three sediment samples collected from the Okpoama-Brass Beach, in the Niger Delta, to determine the particle size distribution, the nature of the sediments and transport mode of the sediments. The sediment population is predominantly unimodal, with the 0.25-0.125 mm (fine sand) as the modal class, though, a significant population are polymodal. Sorting ranges from 0.1 (very well sorted for the unimodal samples) to 1.01 (poorly sorted for the polymodal samples). The average sorting value for the entire sampled population is 0.89 (Moderately sorted). The skewness of the population range from symmetrical to negatively skewed. The average values for the kurtosis is 1.2 (Leptokurtic). The average value for the Median (φ) is 1.92 which represents the medium sand size grade, while the average Mean value is 1.95 φ. The predominant mode of transport is by saltation for the modal class, and suspension and traction for the finer and coarser sediments respectively. The sediment load from Okpoama-Brass beach are dominantly fine sands, indicative of distant source rock and a gentle depositional slope.
Grain Size Analysis of Beach Sediments from Bonny Beach in the Niger Delta * 1
2019
Grain size analysis was carried out on sixty-four samples representing the upper 5 10 cm of surficial sediments from the sand dunes, backshore and beach face of the Bonny beach for the grain size distribution and statistical parameters. The result shows that 72.7% of the samples from the beach face are unimodal, 18.2% bimodal and 9.1% trimodal, whereas, those of the sandunes and backshore are 54.5% unimodal, 36.4% bimodal and 9.1% trimodal. The modal class is the 0.25 to 0.125 mm size grade (fine sand). Transport by saltation is inferred for the sands. The mean size for the sand dunes, backshore and beach face are 2.0 ø (fine sand), 1.92 ø (medium sand), and 1.82 ø (medium sand) respectively. The grains are slightly coarser at the beach face, and finer towards the sand dunes. The median of the population is 1.92 ø. Sediments are well sorted with values of 0.43, 0.40 and 0.47 for the sand dunes, backshore and beach face respectively. Therefore, high waves and current energy is inferr...
Grain Size Analysis of Beach Sediments from Bonny Beach in the Niger Delta
2019
Grain size analysis was carried out on sixty-four samples representing the upper 5 10 cm of surficial sediments from the sand dunes, backshore and beach face of the Bonny beach for the grain size distribution and statistical parameters. The result shows that 72.7% of the samples from the beach face are unimodal, 18.2% bimodal and 9.1% trimodal, whereas, those of the sandunes and backshore are 54.5% unimodal, 36.4% bimodal and 9.1% trimodal. The modal class is the 0.25 to 0.125 mm size grade (fine sand). Transport by saltation is inferred for the sands. The mean size for the sand dunes, backshore and beach face are 2.0 ø (fine sand), 1.92 ø (medium sand), and 1.82 ø (medium sand) respectively. The grains are slightly coarser at the beach face, and finer towards the sand dunes. The median of the population is 1.92 ø. Sediments are well sorted with values of 0.43, 0.40 and 0.47 for the sand dunes, backshore and beach face respectively. Therefore, high waves and current energy is inferr...
Granulometric and Sedimentologic Study of Beach Sediments, Lagos, Southwestern Nigeria
International Journal of Geosciences
Grain size analysis and sedimentology of beach sediments in Lagos, southwestern Nigeria have been studied. Ten fresh beach sediment samples were randomly collected at a depth of 25 cm-40 cm along Lagos and Badagry axis. The sediments were analyzed by wet sieving method. Ternary diagrams indicate that the beach sediment is silty. The graphic mean ranges from 1.02ф (medium grained) to 2.21ф (fine grained) with an average of 1.61ф (medium grained). The preponderance of medium grained sediments and lack of coarse sands suggest moderate to high energy conditions of deposition. Graphic standard deviation ranges from 0.01ф-0.81ф (very well sorted to moderately well sorted), with an average of 0.52ф (moderately well sorted). This is probably due to rapid back and forth flow of the depositing medium. Inclusive graphic skewness ranges from −0.38 to 1.41 (strongly coarse skewed to strongly fine skewed), with an average of 0.41 (strongly fine skewed). The graphic kurtosis values are between 0.44 and 1.37, which indicates very platykurtic to leptokurtic; with an average of 0.78 (platykurtic). This variation suggests that part of the sediment achieved its sorting elsewhere in high-energy environment. Histograms of the sediments exhibit both unimodal and bimodal trends. The arrangement is dominantly asymmetrical with varying modal class, which could be attributed to variation in the energy of the transporting medium. Bivariate plots (simple skewness vs. standard deviation and mean size vs. standard deviation) show the samples plotting mainly in the river sand zone, which suggests that the sediments were initially river sediments before reworking to the present site; other parameters that discriminate between river channel deposits, overbank deposits and overbank-pool deposits show the beach sediments plotting in the river channel zone. Linear discriminant functions analysis indicates a shallow marine beach environment in agitated water, with inputs from aeolian source. The Passega CM diagram suggests suspension and rolling as the mode of deposition.
Global Journal of Geological Sciences, 2015
Beach sediments were collected from four selected beaches along the barrier bar lagoon coastal system Lagos Nigeria namely Badagry, Takwa, Alpha and Eleko beaches. The sediments were texturally analyzed in order to determine the statistical parameters of their grain size distribution. The result shows that Badagry and Alpha beach sands are medium grained with average mean values of (1.10 Ф and 1.14Ф respectively). Eleko beach sediment is coarsely grained with an average mean value of (0.56 Ф) while Takwa Bay beach sediment is fine grained and very well sorted with an average mean value of (2.25 Ф.). This suggest that Eleko beach sediment being coarse grained is deposited in a high energy condition hence less vulnerable to erosion compared to Takwa bay beach sediment which is fine grained and deposited in low energy condition hence more vulnerable to erosion. Alpha and Badagry beach sediment are medium grain and deposited in a moderate energy condition hence more stable to erosional forces than Takwa bay beach sediment. The grain size and amount of sand on a beach depends on wave energy and geological sensitivity of the sediments to the forces of erosion
Grain Size Distribution of the Sediments from Odi River, Bayelsa State, Nigeria
European Journal of Environment and Earth Sciences
Ten samples from Odi River bed were collected by divers at different locations and sent to the laboratory for granulometric analysis. Samples were dried to remove moisture content and poured into a set of BSS standard sieves and mechanically vibrated for at least fifteen minutes to enable the grains to separate into their different sizes. Textural and statistical parameters were then calculated from the results of the particle size distribution. The result shows that the grain size ranges from -2 φ – -1 φ (granules) to 3 φ – 4 φ (very fine sand). The average mean of the population is 0.89 φ, with a modal class in the 1 φ – 2 φ size grade. The average sorting value is 1.26 σ which indicates a poorly sorted population. Skewness varies through the population, but, the average skewness is -0.16 (Negatively skewed). 60% of the sediments range from leptokurtic to extremely leptokurtic, 10% are very platykurtic, 10% are platykurtic and 20% are mesokurtic. Traction and saltation transport m...
Grain Size and Depositional Pattern of Sediment from Okeluse Area, Southwestern Nigeria
Grain size and depositional pattern of sediment from Okeluse area, Southwestern Nigeria have been carried to evaluate its textural parameters and statistical measures to depict the depositional pattern of sediments in the study area. A total of ten samples were collected for this study. The method of sampling adopted for this study is a spot sampling method. The samples were processed and sieved following international standards. Statistical parameters studied include. The graphic mean values (Mz) ranges from 1.333 - 2.267. The inclusive graphic skewness (sk1) of grain analysis data show that they are negatively skewed and implies that the sediments are strongly coarsely, coarsely and nearly symmetrical skewed. Sediments in OKL1, OKL2 and OKL10 are strongly coarsely skewed, while OKL3, OKL4, OKL5, OKL6, OKL8 and OKL9 are coarsely skewed. OKL7 is nearly symmetrical skewed. The sorting kurtosis of the sediments shows that they are either leptokurtic or very platykurtic. OKL3, OKL5 and OKL7 are very platykurtic, while OKL1, OKL2, OKL4, OKL6, OKL8, OKL9 and OKL10 are leptokurtic. The grain size distribution reveals that the transporting medium must have undergone series of rise and fall in its velocity. In the present study, all the ten samples analyzed shows the dominance of saltation and suspension domains of size-population.
The impact of flow regime on the sedimentation pattern of Calabar River, South-East Nigeria
2012
The sedimentation pattern of the lower reaches of Calabar River, on the south east coast of Nigeria was investigated with a view to evolving criteria for recognition of their ancient counterparts. Using grain size statistical parameters, the sediment-sediment relationships and flow structure of the river were examined from twenty-five georeferenced bottom samples. Results show that the tidal channel is uniformly impacted with eroded terrestrial sediments which have been delineated into A, B, and C distinct lateral facies. Facies A and B portrayed negatively skewed and near symmetric moderately sorted sands with a considerable upstream increase in kurtosis. But, Facie C depicted near symmetric, very leptokurtic well sorted sand, representing more of terrestrial-borne sediments inferring high rate of siltation/sediment accretion. Tidal flow measurements over-spring, mean and neap tidal cycles gave 0.59 m/s highest with maximum current velocity at neap tide flowing southerly. The mean ...
120 sediment samples collected along a 47 km transect from Ikot Abasi to Eket, Akwa Ibom State were subjected to granulometric analysis to determine their textural characteristics and depositional processes. Standard sedimentological methods involving sieve analysis were utilized to determine the various size distributions for each sample. This was further subjected to statistical treatment (mean size, sorting, kurtosis, skewness, bivariate and multivariate analyses). Results show that the samples were very fine to pebbly (3.23 to-1.53) Ø diameter in size and varies from very poorly sorted to very well sorted (2.069 to 0.294) Ø with about 86% of the samples being poorly sorted. The sediments are predominantly leptokurtic (91%), with only few (9 samples) being platykurtic (range 8.148 to-1.082) Ø and are coarse to very fine skewed in nature. The dominant modes of transportation reflected by these sediments are saltation and surface creep attributed mostly to Original Research Article
Sediment Characteristics of the Andoni Flats, Niger Delta, Nigeria
Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management, 2010
A baseline study of the intertidal and subtidal zones of the Andoni flats was conducted to determine the basic physical and chemical characteristics of the sediment. Sediment characteristics revealed sandy to loamy (muddy) sand soils with pH of 4.09 to 5.04. Values of organic carbon varied from 0.17% in the sandy soil to 3.01% in the muddy sand soil. Other parameters determined include organic matter which varied between 0.29% and 5.22%, conductivity with values varying from 1120µScm-1 to 1800µScm-1 and water absorbency with values ranging from 21.74% to 43.73%. Particle density, bulk density and porosity of the sediment were also determined for the flats. @JASEM