Assessment of the correlation between grain yield and its components in spring barley on an acidic soil (original) (raw)
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Hailu Hameso, 2021
Field experiment was conducted on acidic soil of Hagereselam, southern Ethiopiain 2019 cropping season to evaluate the growth and yield component formation performance of barley genotypes under different inorganic fertilizer types. Treatment consisting of four fertilizer types (control, NP, NPS and NPSB) and four barley genotypes (217176b, 240478, 234911b and 208855b) and one barley variety (HB-1307) as a check laid out using a Randomized Complete Block Design with factorial arrangement with three replications Both main and interaction effects influenced days to physiological maturity, plant height, number of effective tillers m-2. However, days to heading, spike length, number of grain per spike and1000 grain weight, were only affected by main effects. Barley Genotype 217176b with NPSB fertilizer exhibited the longest plant height and better performance with regard to the remaining measured parameters. However, it did not significantly differ for the same parameters from the same genotype under NP and genotype 240478 with NPSB fertilizer application. The lowest performances were recorded from genotype 208855b with no fertilizer application. Given the fact that the performance of growth, phenology and yield components between the two genotypes in combinations either with NPSB or NP is not statistically significant, either of the two genotypes with the NPSB or NP fertilizer is very essential for appropriate production of barley under acidic soils of Hagereselam and acidic soils of similar agro-ecologies in the highlands of Ethiopia.
2015
Abstract: Soil acidity and fertilizer formulations are among the factors for low barley yields in Kenya. Five fertilizer formulations were tested for their efficacy in improving barley yield under acid soils. The objective was to determine the effect of fertilizer formulations on barley growth under acidic soils. One variety of barley was planted in two sites using five formulations for two seasons. Control plot had no fertilizer and randomized complete block design with four replications was used. Data on tillering ability, number of grains/ear, plant height and yield were subjected analysis of variance and means separated by contrast comparison on Genstat version 12.2. Top soil (0-15cm) and sub soil (16-30cm) were sampled to determine pH, percent nitrogen, percent carbon and available phosphorous. The effect of fertilizer composition was significant (p < 0.001) and 100 % yield loss was observed in control plots at pH between 4.5 – 4.9. Soils with pH range of 5.2 – 6.0 recorded ...
Journal of Plant Nutrition
Information on the effects of phosphorus (P) and sulfur (S) applications on crop response and soil-P status of two-row malt barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) under high-input conditions are limited in alkaline soils despite widespread fertilizer-P and-S use. A field study was conducted during the 2015 and 2016 growing seasons where the barley cultivars (ABI-Voyager and Moravian 69) were grown at five rates of P (0, 37, 73, 110, and 147 kg P ha À1) and three rates of S (0, 112, 224 kg S ha À1). ABI-Voyager had significantly greater biological yield (17,023 kg ha À1) and grain yield (7433 kg ha À1) but a lower (44%) harvest index (HI) than Moravian 69 (15,037 kg ha À1 , 7168 kg ha À1 and 49%, respectively). Grain yield increased with rate of P-application until 37 kg P ha À1 where the maximum calculated yield was obtained at 98 kg P ha À1 by a quadratic model. Sulfur application had no significant effect on any of the measured crop or soil parameters. Olsen P increased linearly with greater fertilizer-P applications, indicating grain-P removal was not sufficient to reduce or retain STP concentrations at initial levels when P was applied. Crop-P uptake and soil-P response to fertilizer P applications are important, as remaining soil P is available for subsequent crop usage and may have potential negative environmental impacts. Thus, cultivar selection and appropriate fertilizer-P and S management will ensure optimal agronomic and economic returns while minimizing potentially negative environmental impacts for two-row malt barley produced in the western United States.
2014
Soil acidity and fertilizer formulations are among the factors for low barley yields in Kenya. Five fertilizer formulations were tested for their efficacy in improving barley yield under acid soils. The objective was to determine the effect of fertilizer formulations on barley growth under acidic soils. One variety of barley was planted in two sites using five formulations for two seasons. Control plot had no fertilizer and randomized complete block design with four replications was used. Data on tillering ability, number of grains/ear, plant height and yield were subjected analysis of variance and means separated by contrast comparison on Genstat version 12.2. Top soil (0-15cm) and sub soil (16-30cm) were sampled to determine pH, percent nitrogen, percent carbon and available phosphorous. The effect of fertilizer composition was significant (p < 0.001) and 100% yield loss was observed in control plots at pH between 4.5 – 4.9. Soils with pH range of 5.2 – 6.0 recorded the best yi...
Hailu Hameso, 2022
Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is one of the most important cereal crops in the world and staple food grain, for Ethiopian highlanders. However, the barley productivity is commonly influenced by different biotic and abiotic factors. Soil acidity is one of environmental factors affecting growth and crop yield. Field experiment was conducted under acidic soil of Hagereselam, southern Ethiopia in 2019 cropping season to evaluate yield performance of barley genotypes and soil characteristics under different inorganic fertilizer types. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design with factorial arrangement with three replication and consisted of four fertilizer types (control or only urea, NP, NPS and NPSB) and four barley genotypes (217176b, 240478, 234911b and 208855b) and one barley variety (HB-1307). Barley Genotype 217176b with NPSB fertilizer exhibited the highest grain yield of 4.9 ton ha-1. This did not significantly differ from the yield obtained from the same genotype under NP (4.72 ton ha-1) and genotype 240478 with NPSB fertilizer application (4.58 ton ha-1). Genotypes 217176b and 240478 were categorized as efficient in nutrient use and responsive to fertilization under the evaluation. The highest marginal rate of return (3745) was recorded for genotype 217176b with the application of the recommended rate of NPSB fertilizer. Greater net benefit with above the threshold marginal rate of return (100%) was also obtained for the same genotype with NP fertilization. Similarly economically acceptable marginal rate of return were obtained for genotype 240478 either with NPSB or NP fertilization. Given the fact that grain yield performance between the two genotypes in combinations either with NPSB or NP is not statistically significant, either of the two genotypes with the NPSB or NP fertilizer can be recommended for barley production in acidic soils of Hagereselam and acidic soils of similar agro-ecologies in the highlands of Ethiopia.
Experimental Agriculture, 2016
SUMMARYLow soil pH and associated soil infertility problems are considered to be amongst the major challenges to barley production in the highlands of Ethiopia. In response to this, an experiment was conducted at low soil pH (< 5 H2O) site on the effects of different levels of lime and phosphorus (P) fertilizer on soil pH, exchangeable aluminium (Al3+), grain yield and yield components of barley during 2010 and 2011 cropping seasons. The experiment comprised factorial combinations of five lime rates (0, 0.55, 1.1, 1.65 and 2.2 t ha−1) and four P rates (0, 10, 20 and 30 kg ha−1) in a randomized complete block design in three replications. The amount of lime that was applied at each level was calculated on the basis of Al3+. Results of soil analysis after 2 years of liming showed that liming significantly (P < 0.05) increased soil pH, and markedly reduced exchangeable Al3+. Liming at the rate of 0.55, 1.1, 1.65 and 2.2 t ha−1 decreased Al3+ by 0.88, 1.11, 1.20 and 1.19 mill equi...
African Journal of Agricultural Research
Soil acidity associated with soil fertility problems are the main constraints hindering barley production in most highlands of Ethiopia. Field experiment was conducted to evaluate effects of lime and phosphorus (P) fertilizer application to acid soils on grain yield of barley and soil chemical properties during 2009 to 2013 cropping seasons at Bedi in Western Ethiopia. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications. Five levels of lime (0, 0.55, 1.1, 1.65 and 2.2 t/ha) and four levels of P (0, 10, 20, and 30 kg/ha) were combined in a complete factorial arrangement. Lime requirement of the soil was calculated based on its exchangeable acidity. The combined analysis over years showed significant improvement of barley grain yield and soil chemical properties due to the main and interaction effects of lime and phosphorus. Grain yield was progressively increased with incremental levels of lime and Phosphorus application. The highest yield was obtained from 2.2 t/ha lime application coupled with 30 kg/ha phosphorus fertilizer, but on par with 1.65 t/ha lime and 20 kg/ha phosphorus application. Grain yield is increased by 274.0% with 1.65 t/ha lime and 20 kg/ha Phosphorus application in the initial year compared with control; however, this yield increment declined over years and reached 99.5% after five years. This yield reduction after five years of lime application may indicate re-acidification of the soil which warrants re-liming. In this study, lime application was the major source of variation for soil chemical properties. Soil pH was sharply increased by liming with the highest value (5.9) and thereafter slightly declined to 5.3 over five years. Exchangeable acidity decreased significantly with increase in lime application to as low as 0.1 cmol/kg, while available P and exchangeable Ca 2+ were noticeably improved. Hence, lime application at the rate of 1.65 t/ha coupled with 20 kg/ha Phosphorus fertilizer could sustainably enhance barley production on acid soils of Bedi and similar areas with likely re-liming of the soils, every five years.
Phosphorus Availability and Spring Barley Yields Under Graded P-Doses in a Pot Experiment
Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis
The pot experiment with graded P doses was carried out in 2015 and 2016 in the Crop Research Institute, Prague – Ruzyně (undermentioned CRI). Three soil types were chosen for the experiment – Chernozem, Cambisol, Haplic Luvisol. The soils were treated by graded P doses (0.3–0.6–1.2 g P/5 kg of soil). The soil without any treatment served as a control. The spring barley (variety KWS Irina) was grown up to the milky ripeness stage. Plants were regularly watered with the deionised water. Two-year results of experiments showed that the increase of spring barley dry matter was noted under graded P doses particularly in the year 2015, whereas in the year 2016 the plant growth despite to increasing trends generaly was not significant. The P-uptake by plants increased in correspondence to graded P doses and correlated with the P contents in soils determined by Mehlich 3 and NH4-acetate soil tests. The proportion of readily available P-NH4-acetate fractions increased in Chernozem and Luvisol...
2020
Accurate estimation of lime requirement (LR) has been a problem since liming practices began. Thus, a field study was done in 2014 and 2015 to determine the LR by using different methods and investigate barley response to lime and phosphorus fertilizer. Shoemaker-McLean-Pratt (SMP) buffer, Ca(OH)2 titration, permissible acid saturation percentage and exchangeable acidity LR testing methods were evaluated with factorial combination of P; 0, 34.5 and 69 kg P2O5 ha, arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The results showed that application of lime and P fertilizer had significant (p<0.05) effect on the yield of barley on testing sites where soil pH was <5.0. The highest grain yield, 3.2 t ha, was obtained from application lime estimated with SMP method statistically at par with Ca(OH)2 titration method. Application of 69 kg P2O5 ha gave the highest yield statistically at par with 34.5 kg P2O5 ha. SMP method estimated lime raised the soil pH from 5...
Response of rainfed barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) to phosphorus and potassium application
Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 2021
A field experiment was carried out during the rabi seasons of three years (2012-13 to 2014-15) at the Experimental Farm of Hill Agricultural Research and Extension Centre, Bajaura, Kullu (H.P.) with the objective of studying the impact of phosphorus and potassium application in rainfed barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). The trial was laid out in split plot design, replicated thrice, with four phosphorus levels (0, 20, 30 and 40 kg P2O5 / ha) in main plot and three potassium levels (0, 20 and 40 K2O / ha) in subplot. Barley variety VLB 118 was used in the present investigation which was raised using recommended package of practices except for the treatments. Application of higher dose of phosphorus hastened the flowering by about a week as compared to no phosphorus application. Significantly highest grain yield was recorded with the application of 40 kg P2O5 / ha followed by application of 30 kg / ha, 20 kg / ha and control in that order, each treatment differing significantly from one other. The higher yield recorded with the application of 40 kg P2O5 / ha was due to the higher values of yield attributes viz., number of grains / spike and 1000grain weight recorded with its application. Straw yield also followed the similar trend with the exception that the difference between the application of 30 and 40 kg P2O5 / ha was not significant. Potassium application also increased the grain and straw yield of barley with each level bringing about significant increase with highest value recorded with the application of 40 kg K2O / ha. Higher values of all the economic indices (gross return, net return and benefit: cost ratio (B:C ratio) were also recorded with the application of highest doses of phosphorus and potassium. The present study proved the importance of phosphorus and potassium application for obtaining higher yield and profitability of rainfed barley cultivated in North Western Himalayan region.