Genetically Modified Rice, International Trade, and First-Mover Advantage: The Case of India and China (original) (raw)

GM Rice Commercialization and Its Impact on the Global Rice Economy

2015

Genetically-modified (GM) rice is an important technology surrounded with controversy and uncertainty, hence it warrants more in-depth analysis. While GM rice is considered by its supporters as having promising potential, many still remain passionately against its use. This study assesses the impacts of GM rice commercialization on the global rice market. We use the Arkansas Global Rice Model (AGRM) and the RICEFLOW model to provide stochastic and dynamic analyses. Scenarios of adoption, diffusion and acceptance of Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis) rice by Bangladesh, China, Indonesia, Nigeria, and the Philippines are compared against baseline projections. The results focus on world trade, world and domestic prices, resource savings, domestic production, consumption, and stocks. Bt rice adoption has the potential to significantly impact the global and national rice economies. Total rice trade, international price, and domestic prices decline as global rice production, consumption, and sto...

Trade and Distributional Impacts of Genetically Modified Crops in India: A CGE Analysis

Margin: The Journal of Applied Economic Research, 2016

Against the background of declining agricultural productivity and a large population, genetically modified (GM) crops could play a key role in India. The current article uses a modified GTAP model to study empirically the overall impacts of the adoption of GM cotton, soybean, maize and rice on various sectors of the Indian economy through computable general equilibrium analysis. The impacts of a compulsory labelling policy and positive and negative preference shifts towards GM rice by Indian consumers are also analysed along with the effects on income distribution. The results indicate that productivity improvements from GM technology adoption in India have a significant positive impact on India’s production, trade and welfare. Even a possible ban on the import of GM rice from India by European Union (EU) will not have any negative welfare impact on Indian consumers, though the export of Indian rice will be much lower. JEL Classification: C68, D33, D61, F17, O11

Multi-Country Assessment of Barriers to Acceptance of GM Rice

2015

Genetically modified (GM) rice has been developed to confer pest resistance, herbicide tolerance and health benefits, yet regulatory, policy and market barriers prevent commercialization of GM rice. This study assesses factors based on consumer survey results that assess acceptance of GM rice in 5 selected countries, namely, Bangladesh, Colombia, Ghana, Honduras, and Tanzania.

Labeling GM Food in India: Anticipating the Effects on GM Brinjal and Rice Marketing Chains

2015

In the last few years, India has become one of the leading nations in the development and use of genetically modified (GM) crops. Although only GM cotton has been commercially released thus far, its commercial success is undeniable. In 2014, the adoption of Bt cotton in India was 95% (James, 2014). Despite a number of controversies, it is generally recognized that Bt cotton has contributed to the observed leap in cotton productivity, thus turning India into a major cotton exporter (Gruère & Yan, 2012; Pray, Nagarajan, Huang, Hu, & Ramaswami, 2011). India is also a leading Asian nation in research and development of GM crops. Despite the absence of new commercial releases, several crops have reached an advanced stage in the research and regulatory pipeline, including different types of GM rice, a GM mustard, GM cabbage, and GM brinjal (eggplant). Much of the success of biotechnology in India can be attributed to the presence of a relatively functional, even if imperfect, biosafety sy...