Post-Deployment Energy-Efficient Schemes in Wireless Sensor Networks (original) (raw)
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Energy Efficient Scheme for Wireless Sensor Networks
Recent advances in wireless sensor networks have commanded many new protocols specifically designed for sensor networks where energy awareness is an important concern. This routing protocols might differ from depending on the application and the network architecture. To extend the lifetime of Wireless sensor network (WSN), an energy efficient scheme can be designed and developed via an algorithm to provide reasonable energy consumption and network for WSN. To maintain high scalability and better data aggregation, sensor nodes are often grouped into disjoint, non-overlapping subsets called clusters. Clusters create hierarchical WSNs which incorporate efficient utilization of limited res ources of sensor nodes to reduce energy consumption, thus extend the lifetime of WSN. The objective of this paper is to present a state of the art survey and classification of energy efficient schemes for WSNs. Keywords: Wireless Sensor Network, clustering, energy efficient clustering, network lifetime, energy efficient algorithms, energy efficient routing, and sensor networks.
Power Efficient Topologies for Wireless Sensor Networks
icpp, 2001
In this chapter, we will examine the relationship between power usage and the number of neighbors in a wireless sensor network. The study of wireless network topology must be approached from a different point of view than for wired networks.
Low-energy consumption schemes in wireless sensor networks
Sensor networks are dense wireless networks consisting of a large number of small-sized, low-cost sensor nodes that are densely deployed either inside the phenomenon or very close to it. Sensor nodes' function is to collect, process, and disseminate critical data while their position need not be engineered or predetermined. This means that sensor network protocols and algorithms must possess self-organizing capabilities. Wireless sensor networks are employed in a vast variety of fields -environment, health, home, civil, military. Sensor nodes have various energy and computational constraints because of their inexpensive nature and ad hoc method of deployment. Considerable research has been focused at overcoming these deficiencies through more low-energy consumption schemes. Three basic schemes have been chosen to be studied in this paper. The motivation of the first scheme is twofold, limiting multi-user interference to increase single-hop throughput and reducing power consumption to prolong battery life. The second scheme focuses on energy-aware routing. The third scheme contributes to dynamically increase the lifetime of the sensor network. The survey attempts to provide an overview of these issues as well as the solutions proposed in recent literature.
Approach to minimizing consumption of energy in wireless sensor networks
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE), 2020
The Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) technology has benefited from a central position in the research space of future emerging networks by its diversity of applications fields and also by its optimization techniques of its various constraints, more essentially, the minimization of nodal energy consumption to increase the global network lifetime. To answer this saving energy problem, several solutions have been proposed at the protocol stack level of the WSN. In this paper, after presenting a state of the art of this technology and its conservation energy techniques at the protocol stack level, we were interested in the network layer to propose a routing solution based on a localization aspect that allows the creation of a virtual grid on the coverage area and introduces it to the two most well-known energy efficiency hierarchical routing protocols, LEACH and PEGASIS. This allowed us to minimize the energy consumption and to select the clusters heads in a deterministic way unlike LEACH which is done in a probabilistic way and also to minimize the latency in PEGASIS, by decomposing its chain into several independent chains. The simulation results, under "MATLABR2015b", have shown the efficiency of our approach in terms of overall residual energy and network lifetime.
Comparative Study of Wireless Sensor Networks Energy-Efficient Topologies and Power Save Protocols
— Ad hoc networks are the ultimate technology in wireless communication that allow network nodes to communicate without the need for a fixed infrastructure. The paper addresses issues associated with control of data transmission in wireless sensor networks (WSN) – a popular type of ad hoc networks with stationary nodes. Since the WSN nodes are typically battery equipped, the primary design goal is to optimize the amount of energy used for transmission. The energy conservation techniques and algorithms for computing the optimal transmitting ranges in order to generate a network with desired properties while reducing sensors energy consumption are discussed and compared through simulations. We describe a new clustering based approach that utilizes the periodical coordination to reduce the overall energy usage by the network. Keywords— ad hoc network, energy conservation protocols, topology control, wireless sensor network.
Ad hoc networks are the ultimate technology in wireless communication that allow network nodes to com-municate without the need for a fixed infrastructure. The paper addresses issues associated with control of data trans-mission in wireless sensor networks (WSN) – a popular type of ad hoc networks with stationary nodes. Since the WSN nodes are typically battery equipped, the primary design goal is to optimize the amount of energy used for transmission. The energy conservation techniques and algorithms for computing the optimal transmitting ranges in order to generate a network with desired properties while reducing sensors energy con-sumption are discussed and compared through simulations. We describe a new clustering based approach that utilizes the periodical coordination to reduce the overall energy usage by the network. Keywords— ad hoc network, energy conservation protocols, topology control, wireless sensor network.
Improving Energy Efficiency of Wireless Sensor Networks through Topology Optimization
International journal emerging technology and advanced engineering, 2022
Relevance of the field of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is increasing, and one of the most pressing challenges is in energy usage. This makes it a resource restraint type network for wireless sensor nodes that contain small unchangeable battery. Sensor network design has been influenced by and depends on the application by factors such as scalability, power consumption, environment etc. Most of the energy is used for communications among the three energy-saving activities: sensing, processing and communication. In this paper, an energy efficient (energy conserving) routing protocol called Wireless Sensor Network Energy Reduction Routing Coordinate Algorithm (WSNER-RCA) is proposed. This provides a more efficient energy consumption pattern in WSN, by using eight straight line routing coordinate to sink. It transmits data within nodes transmission range (single-hop) and multi-hopping along routes (coordinates) thereby saving energy and optimizing delivery. The energy-model is simulated using NS-2 and the residual energy computed with the aid of AWK programming language coding. This model out-performed its counterpart (EEEWSNMIA) by 6%, as seen in recent research work published by Elsevier based on the criteria of conserving the highest energy of the sensor network with a hundred and twenty nodes while upholding optimally the QoS factors.
Energy Saving in Wireless Sensor Networks
International Journal of Computer Science & Engineering Survey, 2012
A wireless sensor network (WSN) consists of a large number of sensor nodes which are deployed over an area to perform local computations based on information gathered from the surroundings. Each node in the network is equipped with a battery, but it is almost very difficult to change or recharge batteries; therefore, the crucial question is: "how to prolong the network lifetime to such a long time?" Hence, maximizing the lifetime of the network through minimizing the energy is an important challenge in WSN; sensors cannot be easily replaced or recharged due to their ad-hoc deployment in hazardous environment. Considering that energy saving acts as one of the hottest topics in wireless sensor networks, we will survey the main techniques used for energy conservation in sensor networks. The main focus of this article is primarily on duty cycling schemes which represent the most compatible technique for energy saving and we also focus on the data-driven approaches that can be used to improve the energy efficiency. Finally, we will make a review on some communication protocols proposed for sensor networks.
A Study of Power and Energy Efficient Clustering Protocols in Wireless Sensor Networks
Sensor networks are collection of sensor nodes which co-operatively send sensed data to base station . A sensor network is composed of a large number of sensor nodes which are densely deployed either inside the location where the operation is being performed or very close to it . A WSN is also called as intelligent distributed sensor system, which consists of small sensor nodes that act as information collectors and one or more processing centres connected via wireless links . WSN have limited computational power and limited memory and battery power. Because of these characteristics more care has to be taken by the developers to develop a particular sensor network . Each cluster contains a cluster-head and several non-cluster head nodes . Power consumed by the WSN is mainly due to network dynamics, node capabilities, data delivery model, energy consideration, data aggregation and network deployment . Basically the WSNs are classified into two types as Homogeneous WSN and Heterogeneous WSN. This classification is based on the characteristics of sensor nodes present in the cluster. The nodes present in the homogeneous WSN have identical characteristics and they are identical in nature. Due to this nature, all the nodes perform same type of functions. Heterogeneous WSN are the networks which consists of sensor nodes (SN) having two or more types of nodes and characteristics. The operation of the individual nodes differs depending on the nature of the characteristics of SNs. Some nodes perform sensing operation; some performs filtering operation, while others perform fusion of data and transfer of data to the base station . In single -hop sensor network, the sensor nodes use single hopping in order to reach cluster head]. In multi-hopping, the sensor nodes use multi-hopping in order to reach cluster head . In the multi-hopping sensor network, because of the relaying operation of passing the information from the far away sensor nodes to the nodes that are very close to the cluster head more energy has to be spend.
2015
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are at present a standout amongst the most, guaranteeing areas in the field of information and communication technologies (ICT). This new technology has boundless potential for various applications in distinctive regions, including environmental research, medical application, military, transportation, stimulation, emergency administration, security, and smart spaces. However, several constraints of the sensor nodes are the principal obstacles in planning efficient protocols for WSNs. The major challenges of WSNs include energy dissipation; prolong the network lifetime and throughput. This thesis explores logical topologies in WSN. Logical topologies play the most significant role in the overall performance of the network, including its lifetime, routing efficiency, energy dissipation and overheads. A number of logical topologies have been proposed for WSNs including flat topology, cluster-distributed topology, cluster-centralized topology, and chain t...