Dark Matter with Light and Ultralight Stückelberg Axions (original) (raw)

Mini--Review of Dark Matter: 2012

This is the mini-review on Dark Matter in the 2012 edition of the Particle Data Group's Review of Particle Properties. After briefly summarizing the arguments in favor of the existence of Dark Matter, we list possible candidates, ranging in mass from a fraction of an eV (e.g., axions) to many solar masses (e.g., primordial black holes), and discuss ways to detect them. The main emphasis is on Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs). A large international effort is being made to detect them directly, or else to detect their annihilation products. We explain why we consider all claims to have established a positive signal for WIMPs in either direct or indirect detection to be premature. We also introduce the concept of a {\it WIMP safe} minimal mass; below this mass, the interpretation of a given direct search experiment depends strongly on the tail of the WIMP velocity distribution and/or on the experimental energy resolution.

P 2 0 1 9 ) 0 9 9 A multicomponent dark matter scenario and the experimental evidence supporting it

2019

Analytical and Observational Approach of Dark Matter

Dark matter is a vital component of the current best model of our universe, CDM.There are leading candidates for what the dark matter could be (e.g. weakly-interacting massive particles, or axions), but no compelling observational or exper-imental evidence exists to support these particular candidates, nor any beyond-the-Standard-Model physics that might produce such candidates. This suggests that other dark matter candidates, including ones that might arise in the Standard Model, should receive increased attention. Here we consider a general class of dark matter candi-dates with characteristic masses and interaction cross-sections characterized in units of grams and cm2, respectively. we therefore dub these macroscopic objects as Macros. Such dark matter candidates could potentially be assembled out of Standard Model particles (quarks and leptons) in the early universe. A combination of Earth-based, astrophysical, and cosmological observations constrain a portion of the Macro param-eter space. A large region of parameter space remains, most notably for nuclear-dense objects with masses in the range from 2 × 10 20 to 4 × 10 24 , although the lower mass window is closed for Macros that destabilize ordinary matter.

Particle Dark Matter Candidates

arXiv: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, 2017

A series of brief reviews collected in the present issue present various candidates for cosmological Dark Matter (DM) predicted by models of particle physics. The range from superlight axions to extended objects is covered. Though the possible list of candidates is far from complete it gives the flavor of the extensive field of Dark matter particle physics.

Dark Matter Particles v2

Researchers have been able to infer the existence of Dark Matter (DM) only from the gravitational effect it seems to have on visible matter. DM seems to outweigh visible matter roughly six to one, making up about 27% of the universe. Here's a sobering fact: The matter we know and that makes up all stars and galaxies only accounts for 5% of the content of universe! But what is DM? [1]. Many experiments to detect and study Dark Matter Particles (DMPs) directly are being actively undertaken, but none have yet succeeded. Indirect detection experiments search for the products of the self-annihilation or decay of DMPs in outer space [2]. In this paper, we discuss the main ideas of the Hypersphere World-Universe Model (WUM) and introduce an additional new DMP "XION" (boson) with the rest energy 10.6 that is an analog of Axion. On June 28, 2023, it was announced the existence of Cosmic Gravitational Background. In frames of WUM, we give an explanation of this discovery based on the analysis of "Gravitoplasma" composed of objects with Planck mass, which were created as the result of Weak Interaction between XIONs and other particles in the Medium.

Dark Matter Astrophysics

Astrophysics and Space Science Library, 2011

These lectures are intended to provide a brief pedagogical review of dark matter for the newcomer to the subject. We begin with a discussion of the astrophysical evidence for dark matter. The standard weakly-interacting massive particle (WIMP) scenario-the motivation, particle models, and detection techniques-is then reviewed. We provide a brief sampling of some recent variations to the standard WIMP scenario as well as some alternatives (axions and sterile neutrinos). Exercises are provided for the reader. 1 simple ("squiggly-line") arguments for the existence of dark matter in clusters and galaxies, as well as the arguments for why it is nonbaryonic. The motivation will be to provide insight into the evidence and arguments, rather than to summarize results from the latest state-of-the-art applications of the techniques. Likewise, construction of particle-physics models for dark matter has become a huge industry, accelerated quite recently, in particular, with anomalous cosmic-ray and diffuse-background results . Again, we will not attempt to survey these recent developments and focus instead primarily on the basic arguments for particle dark matter. In particular, there has developed in the theoretical literature over the past twenty years a "standard" weakly-interacting massive particle (WIMP) scenario, in which the dark-matter particle is a particle that arises in extensions (e.g., supersymmetry or universal extra dimensions ) of the standard model that are thought by many particle theorists to provide the best prospects for new-physics discoveries at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). We therefore describe this basic scenario. More detailed reviews of weakly-interacting massive particles, the main subject of this article, can be found in Refs. .

Dark sectors and new, light, weakly-coupled particles

Dark sectors, consisting of new, light, weakly-coupled particles that do not interact with the known strong, weak, or electromagnetic forces, are a particularly compelling possibility for new physics. Nature may contain numerous dark sectors, each with their own beautiful structure, distinct particles, and forces. This review summarizes the physics motivation for dark sectors and the exciting opportunities for experimental exploration. It is the summary of the Intensity Frontier subgroup "New, Light, Weakly-coupled Particles" of the Community Summer Study 2013 (Snowmass). We discuss axions, which solve the strong CP problem and are an excellent dark matter candidate, and their generalization to axion-like particles. We also review dark photons and other dark-sector particles, including sub-GeV dark matter, which are theoretically natural, provide for dark matter candidates or new dark matter interactions, and could resolve outstanding puzzles in particle and astro-particle physics. In many cases, the exploration of dark sectors can proceed with existing facilities and comparatively modest experiments. A rich, diverse, and lowcost experimental program has been identified that has the potential for one or more game-changing discoveries. These physics opportunities should be vigorously pursued in the US and elsewhere.

The missing matter problem: from the dark matter search to alternative hypotheses

2011

Dark matter is among the most important open problems in both astrophysics and particle physics. Recently, hints of anomalous cosmic-ray spectra found by astroparticle experiments, such as PAMELA, have motivated interesting interpretations in terms of DM annihilation and/or decay. Even if these signatures also have standard astrophysical interpretations, Fermi-LAT electron spectral measurements indicated the presence of an additional positron source, which could be DM annihilation or decay. Searches by the Fermi-LAT for gamma-ray signals have also been performed, along with measurements of the diffuse Galactic and extragalactic gamma-ray emission, providing unprecedented high quality data and statistics which makes crucial to investigate DM in gamma rays. In addition, Imaging Air Cherenkov Telescopes like HESS, MAGIC, and VERITAS have reported on searches for gamma-ray emission from dwarf galaxies. Moreover, CMS and ATLAS experiments at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) currently in operation at CERN, are giving their first results for supersymmetry searches and for discovering DM in colliders. Concerning direct search of DM, the most stringent limits on the elastic spin-independent WIMP-nucleon cross-section are coming from CDMS-II, EDELWEISS-II and , in particular, XENON100, whereas, recently, the CoGeNT collaboration reported the WIMP candidate signal events exceeding the known backgrounds and results obtained by the DAMA/LIBRA set-up show the model independent annual modulation signature for DM particles. On the other hand, DM and Dark Energy (DE) could be nothing else but the signal that General relativity is not working at large scales (infrared scales) and alternative theories of gravity should be considered in order to fit observations. The issues of Òmissing matterÓ and Òaccelerating universeÓ could be addressed by taking account extensions of General Relativity (e.g. Extended Theories of Gravity) where gravitational interaction works in different ways at different scales. From this point of view, the gravitational sector should be revised without invoking the presence of new ingredients that, up to now, have not been detected at a fundamental level. At ultraviolet scales, the production of massive gravitons would be a test-bed for the theory. This review presents many aspects, from astrophysical observations to particle physics candidates and describes the theoretical and experimental aspects of the DM problem (or missing matter, considering the alternative approaches) in particle physics, astrophysics and cosmology. A brief overview is given of the phenomenology of several dark matter candidates and their expected production mechanisms, basic properties, and implications for direct and indirect detection, particle colliders, and astrophysical observations. A summary of the experimental status is given and the possible scenarios opening with the upcoming are discussed in the context of an approach which combines information from high-energy particle physics with cosmic-ray and traditional astronomical data.

Paradigms and Scenarios for the Dark Matter Phenomenon

Universe, 2020

Well known scaling laws among the structural properties of the dark and the luminous matter in disc systems are too complex to be arisen by two inert components that just share the same gravitational field. This brings us to critically focus on the 30-year-old paradigm, that, resting on a priori knowledge of the nature of Dark Matter (DM), has led us to a restricted number of scenarios, especially favouring the collisionless Λ Cold Dark Matter one. Motivated by such observational evidence, we propose to resolve the dark matter mystery by following a new Paradigm: the nature of DM must be guessed/derived by deeply analyzing the properties of the dark and luminous mass distribution at galactic scales. The immediate application of this paradigm leads us to propose the existence of a direct interaction between Dark and Standard Model particles, which has finely shaped the inner regions of galaxies.

A multicomponent dark matter scenario and the experimental evidence supporting it

European Physical Society Conference on High Energy Physics. 10-17 July, 2019

We review a dark matter scenario with a number of favorable aspects: (1) all of the well-known successes of supersymmetry are preserved, (2) the parameters can satisfy naturalness, (3) the addition of an extended Higgs sector implies a doubly rich plethora of new particles and new physics to be discovered in the near or foreseeable future, (4) the mass of the dominant dark matter WIMP is ≤ 125 GeV/c 2 , (5) the gauge couplings of this particle are precisely defined, and (6) naturalness implies that its Higgs-mediated couplings are also comparable to those of a natural neutralino. Recent (and earlier) analyses of the data from Planck, Fermi-LAT, AMS-02, and other experiments indicate that (i) the positron excess at ∼ 800 GeV or above is not evidence of highmass dark matter particles (which would have disconfirmed the present theory with a rigorous upper limit of 125 GeV), (ii) the Galactic center excess of gamma rays observed by Fermi is evidence for dark matter particles with a mass below or near 100 GeV, (iii) the gamma-ray excess from Omega Centauri is similar evidence of annihilation of such relatively low-mass particles, and (iv) the antiproton excess observed by AMS is again evidence of 100 GeV dark matter particles. The present scenario, with two stable spin 1/2 WIMPs (a high-mass neutralino and a more abundant "Higgson" with a mass of ≤ 125 GeV/c 2) is consistent with these results (as well as all others which have been verified), and it also suggests that detection should be near in a variety of experiments for direct, indirect, and collider detection.

Dark Matter with Light and Ultralight Stückelberg Axions (original) (raw)

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