Horowich and Miller on Dispositionalist Theories of Meaning (original) (raw)

In the rule-following considerations Kripke’s Wittgenstein raises the objection that dispositions cannot be the appropriate base for a reduction of meaning properties since they are finite, while meanings have an infinitary character. The objection charges any dispositionalist theory of meaning with indeterminacy. Paul Horwich (1995) has attempted a defence of dispositionalism pointing out that the argument for indeterminacy presupposes an inflationary conception of truth-theoretic notions. In his view a deflationary approach to truth-theoretic notions helps elude the sceptical conclusion. Alexander Miller (2000) has reacted to Horwich’s attempt and maintained that the distinction between inflationism and deflationism does not play any substantial role in the anti-dispositionalism argument. I agree with Miller on this point, nevertheless I argue that Miller’s criticism of Horwich’s defence of dispositionalism is question begging against the conception of meaning that Horwich espouses.

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A reductio of Kripke-Wittgenstein's objections to dispositionalism about meaning

Minds and Machines, 2003

A central part of Kripke's influential interpretation of Wittgenstein's sceptical argument about meaning is the rejection of dispositional analyses of what it is for a word to mean what it does . In this paper I show that Kripke's arguments prove too much: if they were right, they would preclude not only the idea that dispositional properties can make statements about the meanings of words true, but also the idea that dispositional properties can make true statements about paradigmatic dispositional properties such as a cup's fragility or a person's bravery. However, since dispositional properties can make such statements true, Kripke-Wittgenstein's arguments against dispositionalism about meaning are mistaken.

Boghossian, Miller and Lewis on Dispositional Theories of Meaning

Mind & language, 2000

Paul Boghossian has pointed out a 'circularity problem' for dispositionalist theories of meaning: as a result of the holistic character of belief fixation, one cannot identify someone's meaning such and such with facts of the form S is disposed to utter P under conditions C, without C involving the semantic and intentional notions that such a theory was to explain. Alex Miller has recently suggested an 'ultra-sophisticated dispositionalism' (modelled on David Lewis's well-known version of functionalism) and has argued that this version of dispositionalism escapes Boghossian's 'circularity problem'. Miller argues, nonetheless, that another of Boghossian's criticisms of dispositionalism, 'the infinity problem', still applies to this 'ultra-sophisticated dispositionalism': C will still draw upon a potential infinity of mediating background clusters of belief. The present paper argues that the feature that 'the infinity problem' presents as problematic is a feature of a host of familiar explanations. Our fundamental difficulty in this area is not our inability to understand how a more general model can be applied to a particular domain (the intentional understood as dispositional) but our failure to understand that general model itself (dispositional explanation).

Deflationist Theories of Truth, Meaning, and Content

I When a philosopher proposes a semantic theory she commends for being deflationist, 1 that theory is intended to replace an entrenched theory that is predicated in part on what is thought to be the need to answer certain questions, and the philosopher objects to that theory not because it gives the wrong answers to those questions, but because she feels those questions are the wrong ones to be asked by a theory seeking to explain what the entrenched theory might legitimately hope to explain. Her alternative theory, she contends, is both to be preferred to the entrenched theory and deflationist relative to it because it doesn't bear the burden of needing to answer those questions.

The Metaphysics of Meaning: Hopkins on Wittgenstein

Jim Hopkins (2012) defends a ‘straight’ (non-skeptical) response to Wittgenstein’s rule-following considerations, a response he ascribes to Wittgenstein himself. According to this response, what makes it the case that A means that P is that it is possible for another to (correctly) interpret A as meaning that P. Hopkins thus advances a form of interpretivist judgment-dependence about meaning. I argue that this response, as well as a variant, does not succeed.

Paul Horwich: Explaining Intentionality / Response: Deflationism

Manuscrito, 2008

Abstract Paul Horwich: The goal here is to demystify the relation of aboutness that associates thoughts and their linguistic expression with particular features of the world. It is argued that the main obstacle to providing a naturalistic account of this relation is a misguided ('inflationary') view of truth. A deflationary perspective, on the other hand, enables us to see how the basic use of a mental or physical term establishes its referent, thereby determining what the sentences containing it are about. Abstract response: My disagreement with the deflationist treatment of truth affects my attitude to Paul Horwich’s approach to meaning and intentionality. In my response I summarize objections to the deflationist account of truth developed in some detail in chapters 2, 7, and 12, and argue that the notion of intentionality should be treated naturalistically in a broader context than the context of the referential import of the locution “means that”.

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