Characterizatioof Atimicrobial, Atioxidat, Aticacer Properties Ad Chemical Compositioof Malaysia Adrographis Paiculata Leaf Extract (original) (raw)
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Arabian Journal of Chemistry, 2015
Please cite this article as: N. Akhtar, I-u. Haq, B. Mirza, Phytochemical analysis and comprehensive evaluation of antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of 61 medicinal plant species, Arabian Journal of Chemistry (2015), doi: http://dx.Abstract Plants are rich source of therapeutic compounds that have tremendous applications in pharmaceutical industry. To find new sources of antimicrobial and antioxidant agents, methanol/chloroform and aqueous extracts of 61 medicinal plants were evaluated systematically. Antimicrobial activity was assessed against six bacterial and five fungal strains, while natural antioxidants were studied by using reducing power (RP), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging assay. Six plants exhibited broad spectrum antibacterial activity while two exerted significant antifungal activity. Total phenolic content (TPC) of the samples varied from 20.2 -85.6 mg /g dry weight (DW) in M/C extracts and 5.5 -62.1 mg /g DW in aq. extracts, expressed as gallic acid equivalents (GAE). Total flavonoid content (TFC) varied from 2.9 -44.5 mg quercitin equivalent (QE) /g DW of sample 2 for M/C extracts and 2.4 -37.1 mg QE /g DW for aq. extracts. The results showed that antioxidant activities of plant species varied to a great extent not only among extracts (M/C and aq.) but also between the assays used for antioxidant evaluation. Significant linear correlation (p < 0.01) of TPC with antioxidant activities suggested their contribution to antioxidant activity. Using high performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detector (HPLC-DAD), gallic acid and rutin were detected in most of plant extracts with significant antioxidant activities. Study identifies plants with antimicrobial and antioxidant properties which could be used for isolation of desired therapeutic compounds and to develop infusions, nutriceuticals and pharmaceuticals. Samples of 61 medicinal plants were collected from different areas of Pakistan and identified by Professor Dr. Rizwana Aleem Qureshi, Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad. Voucher specimens were submitted to the herbarium of Quaid-i-Azam University for future reference. The plants were selected on the basis of local use of these plants in folk medicine.
The anti-oxidant activity and total phenolic content of alcoholic extracts from seven medicinal plants (Asparagus racemosus, Ocimum sanctum, Cassia fistula, Piper betel, Citrus aurantifolia, Catharanthus roseus, and Polyalthia longifolia) were evaluated by using a model system consisting of β-carotene, DPPH free radical and Folin-Ciocalteu method. The total Phenolic content of the extracts was determined spectrophotometrically according to the Folin-Ciocalteu procedure and ranged from 366mg/100g to 212 mg/100g on fresh weight basis. The total flavanoid content of extracts determined by Aluminium chloride colorimetric assay and ranged from 39.84mg/100g to 15.94mg/100g of fresh weight. The highest antioxidant activity was demonstrated by Citrus auantifolia (87.05%) followed by Ocimum sanctum (81.80%) and Catharanthus roseus (71.4%). The highest tannin content was found to be in Catharanthus roseus (7.14%) while in case of anthocyanin content the highest value was found to be in Polyalthia longifolia (0.65mg/l). As far as antimicrobial activity is concerned, Ocimum sanctum and Citrus aurantifolia were found to be most potent against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus whereas Piper betel showed no effect. Except Piper betel all the extracts were able to inhibit the two bacterial strains and the zone of inhibitions ranged from 19.6 mm to 13.5 mm. The minimum inhibitory concentration against E. coli in case of Ocimum sanctum is 10% and against S. aureus it is 20% while in case of Citrus aurantifolia extracts were active even at 10% concentration for E. coli and 15% for S. aureus.
Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activity Analysis of Some Medicinal Plants of Bangladesh
Advances in Plants & Agriculture Research, 2015
The antimicrobial potential of eight selected medicinal plants was evaluated against medically important thirteen pathogenic bacteria and three pathogenic fungi by using disc diffusion method. Moreover, the free radical scavenging activity was investigated for the development of anti-aging ingredient as a raw product for the cosmetic and other industries. Petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, methanol, butanol, n-hexane water extracts of medicinal plants were used for antimicrobial and anti-oxidant investigation. The rapid evaluation of antioxidant activity of different crude extracts of Pouzolzia zeylanica, Equisetum debile, Memecylon umbellatum, Datura metel, Cauroupeta guianensis, Andrographis paniculata were determined by using DPPH free radical method. The microbial inhibition zone ranged from 7-15 mm for different extracts of Andrographis paniculata where ethyl acetate extract showed highest microbial inhibition. The petroleum ether extract of D. metel gave 9-10 mm microbial inhibition except Pseudomonas aureus. Aloe vera gave 7-9 mm inhibition against microorganism by ethyl acetate extract. The methanol extract of A. paniculata showed inhibition only against two gram-positive and five gram-negative bacteria. The methanol extract of P. zeylanica, M. umbellatum and butanol (n-BuOH) extract of A. vasica also showed different range of antimicrobial activity. The N-hexane extract of A. vera and A. vasica and methanol extract of Equisetum debile did not show any antimicrobial activity. These extracts resulted in a rapid increase and decrease of the absorbance and showed different hydrogen-donating capacity towards the 2, 2′-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical. A lot of differences found and showing anti-oxidant activity of different solvent extracts of different plant species. Among the species, ethyl acetate extract of E. debile, M. umbellatum, methanol Extract of M. umbellatum, C. guianensis and n-BuOH extract of M. umbellatum, C. guianensis showed the maximum scavenging capacity of over 80.
Phytochemical and Antibacterial Activity Analysis of Different Medicinal Plants
2020
The present study was performed to examine the Phytochemical and antibacterial effect of Ganoderma lucidum, Andrographis paniculata and Moringa oleifera against gram positive and gram negative bacteria. The plant part of A. Paniculata and Moringa oleifera such as leaf and Ganoderma lucidum mushroom were calculated for antibacterial activity. Different solvents were used to extract the bioactive compounds from the plant parts. The antibacterial activity was studied against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus the different solvents, chloroform, acetone and water. Acetone extract of Andrographis paniculata showed greater antibacterial activity against E. coli (24.6 mm) and Staphylococcus aureus (12.5 mm). The phytochemical screening shown the presence of phenolics, flavonoids, carbohydrates, glycosides, terpenoids in the extracts. whereas the antibacterial activity in extracts indicates that the bioactive compounds responsible for the antibacterial. This study provides an indica...
International Journal of Secondary Metabolite, 2018
This study was designed to evaluate the phenolic compounds and the in vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Onobrychis nitida, Hedysarum cappadocicum, Ebenus laguroides and Ebenus macrophylla which are medicinal plants and endemic for the flora of Turkey. The RP-HPLC-DAD (reverse phasehigh performance liquid chromatography with a diode array detector) was used to evaluate the phenolic contents. The antioxidant properties were determined to use total phenolic content (TPC), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and DPPH• radical scavenging activity assays. Antibacterial tests were performed against 11 different microorganisms by using the microwell dilution method. Each of the plant extracts were confirmed by bioactive assays which demonstrated a significant activity due to different chemical characteristics. Especially, rutin was the dominant component in Ebenus species with 19.434-11.808 mg phenolic/g extract. While the highest phenolic content (101.73 mg gallic acid equivalent/g extract) was observed in O. nitida, the highest FRAP value was in E. laguroides (719.09 μM FeSO4.7H2O equivalent), and the strongest DPPH degree was in the E. macrophylla extract with IC50: 69.45 μg/mL, respectively. Although plant extracts didn't have efficient values for antimicrobial activity, the slight effect was arisen in O. nitida against B. subtilis and S. aureus. The results showed that all the extracts could be used in pharmacological or dietary applications due to their valuable properties.
Journal of Advanced Biotechnology and Experimental Therapeutics, 2019
ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to explore phytochemical profiling, antioxidant and antibacterial activity of four medicinal plants including Catharanthus roseus, Aegle marmelos, Moringa oleifera, and Ageratum conyzoids grown in Sylhet district, Bangladesh. In this study, total 11 phytochemicals were screened from methanol extract of four medicinal plants, wherein flavonoid, tannin, sterol, phenol were present in all four medicinal plants. In vitro, antioxidant activity of these medicinal plants extract was investigated by DPPH-radical scavenging assay. The Aegle marmelos exhibited the highest antioxidant activity followed by Moringa oleifera, Ageratum conyzoids, and Catharanthus roseus extract. Methanolic extracts of same medicinal plants were subjected to a test of their antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella sp., Pseudomonas sp .and Salmonella sp. by agar disc diffusion method. The highest antibacterial potential was observed in the extract of Aegle marmelos against Salmonella sp. followed by Catharanthus roseus against Pseudomonas sp .with zone of inhibition of 18.67 mm, 15.0 mm, respectively. This study confirmed the efficacy of some native medicinal plants extract as potential source of phytochemicals, along with natural antioxidant and antimicrobials, which provide new possibilities to employing them against disease causing test organisms.
This study aimed to present the activity guided fractionation, isolation and characterization of antioxidants and antibacterial agents from combined mixture of plants (Vitex doniana, Diospyros mesipiliformis, Acacia polycantha, Pirinari macrophylla, Ficus sycomorus and Parkia biglobosa) and that of Pergularia tomentosa. Combined Mixture of Plants (CMP) is used locally in ratio of 1:1 for the treatment of bacterial infections. The CMP and P. tomentosa were extracted with methanol separately; the residues obtained were also separately suspended in water and successively fractionated with hexane, ethylacetate and n-butanol. All the fractions obtained were screened for antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. For CMP, only the ethyl acetate fraction (EF) indicated marginal antibacterial activity with 8.0, 7.0 and 7.0 mm zone of inhibition against Micrococcus luteus (MTCC 2470), Bacillus subtilis (MTCC 121) and Salmonella typhimurium, respectively. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for the CMP was greater than 1000 for M. luteus and S. typhimurium and 87.5 μg/ml for B. subtilis. The CMP fraction was subjected to chromatographic separations which resulted in the isolation and characterization of five bioactive constituents, gallic acid, 3β-OH-α-amyrin, 5,7,3'.4',5'-pentahydroxy-3-O-glucophyranoside flavones (myricetin 3-O-β-rhamnopyranoside), 5,7,3',4' tetrahydroxy-3-O-glucopyranoside flavone (quercetin 3-O-β-rhamnopyranoside) and 3,5,7,3',4'-pentahydroxy flavones (quercetin). They were characterized with the help of ESI-MS, IR, 1 H C 13 , HMBC/HSQC and COSY-NMR data. These compounds did not show antibacterial activity when tested separately but exhibited appreciable antioxidant activities in different manner. Chromatographic fractionation of hexane extract of P. tomentosa resulted in the isolation of lupeol acetate (LA) with marginal but selective activity against M. luteus and the activity is due to LA rather than the combined constituents. These findings suggest that the fractions of the extracts and pure compounds possess antibacterial and antioxidant properties.
Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activity of Five Medicinal Plants Against Different Microbes
Biosciences Biotechnology Research Asia, 2021
The present study aims to assess the antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of selected medicinal plants (Achyranthes bidentata, Linum usitatissimum, Pedalium murex, Sphaeranthus indicus and, Terminalia bellirica) extracts against seven different microorganisms Candida albicans, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus hominis, and Streptococcus mutants. Leaf, root, and flower extracts of plants were prepared in different solvents like methanol, distilled water, dichloromethane, ethanol, ethyl acetate, chloroform, petroleum ether, propanol, benzene, and hexane. All the prepared extracts showed very good antimicrobial activity except distilled water extract. Most of the extracts were found to have antimicrobial potential against pathogens but Linum usitatissimum and T. bellirica leaf and seed extract prepared in methanol and chloroform solvents show a higher zone of inhibition against E. coli. Only Linum usitatissimum...
Antibacterial effect of some locally available plant extracts against some fish pathogenic bacteria
Aquaculture is a growing industry in India. Bacterial disease is a growing threat to aquaculture. The use of commercial antibiotics in aquaculture increases antibiotic resistance among pathogenic bacteria in exposed ecosystem and also creating environmental and public health hazards. For this reason many countries have banned the use of antibiotics in aquaculture. As a consequence nowadays scientists are in search of alternate antibiotics. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the antibacterial activity of locally available plant extracts against pathogenic bacteria of aquatic animals namely, Aeromonas hydrophila, Aeromonas sobria, Vibrio paraharmolyticus. Five plants viz: Terminalia arjuna (Arjuna), C. asiatica (Thankuni), Ziziphus mauritiana (Kul), Murraya koenigii (Kari), Ocimum sanctum (Tulsi) were selected for in vitro antibacterial activity assay. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration of the methanolic extracts of the leaves of the said plants was determined by Disc Diffusion method. The plant extracts except tulsi showed antibacterial activity against all the three bacteria. Significant inhibitory activity was found in C. asiatica, T. arjuna, M. koengii, Z. maurtitiana respectively. Methanol was used as positive control and Tetracycline hydrochloride was used as negative control. Higher concentration of methanolic extract showed better result consistently for all the plants than lower concentration. The most effective inhibitory activity was observed in C. asiatica against A. sobria.
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner
Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui zat bioaktif dari beberapa tanaman lokal dan keefektifannya sebagai antioksidan, antibakteri dan antiamur untuk digunakan sebagai imbuhan pakan, Sebanyak 12 tanaman digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Pengujian dilakukan terhadap kandungan total fenol, tanin dan saponin dalam ekstrak tanaman. Ekstrak tanaman juga diuji aktifitas antioksidan dan kemampuan untuk menekan produksi gas mikroba dari usus ayam secara in vitro, kemampuan untuk menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri (E.coli, S. enteritidis) dan jamur (A. niger). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kandungan total fenol tanin tertinggi diperoleh pada ekstrak daun cengkeh, sementara kandungan saponin tetinggi diperoleh pada ekstrak daging buah Sapindus rarak. Aktifitas antioksidan tertinggi terdapat pada ekstrak daun meniran. Gas yang diproduksi oleh mikroba menurun seperti daya kerja antibiotik, dengan menambahkan pakan dengan daun meniran yang diekstraksi dengan hexan, biji kapok atau kulit buah manggis atau daun cengkeh yang diekstraksi dengan metanol. Efek inhibitor terhadap jamur diperoleh dari ekstrak daun cengkeh. Efek penghambat terbaik terhadap pertumbuhan E. coli (diukur dengan zona terang), ditemukan pada ekstrak metanol daging buah S. rarak. Penghambat yang paling efektif terhadap pertumbuhan E. coli dan salmonella adalah asap cair kulit kacang mete. Ekstrak daun cengkeh (antijamur), asap cair kulit kacang mete (antibakteri), daun meniran (antioksidan) mempunyai potensi untuk digunakan sebagai imbuhan pakan sebagai pengganti antibiotic-growth promoter.