The Effectiveness of Adjunctive Hypnosis with Surgical Patients: A Meta-Analysis (original) (raw)

Hypnosis As An Replacement Of Anesthesia In Surgery (Literature Review)

International Journal of Health Engineering and Technology

Hypnosis has been used to deal with acute and chronic pain, anxiety, and other positive benefits before, during and after surgery. But in the field, hypnosis was still a little used even there were still many who doubt its effectiveness.We conducted an article review in English using keywords: hypnosis, anesthesia, surgery, with a time span since 1846 until 2019, with 20 articles selected on Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, and The National Library of the Republic of Indonesia (PNRI) portal.Mesmerism hypnosis and ericsonian hypnosis have been used for anesthesia, since prior to the discovery of chemical anesthesia, the use of chemical anesthesia has made hypnosis no longer used as the main anesthetic in surgery, but in certain cases such as patients with multiple chemical sensitivity or patients with contra-indications of general anesthesia , hypnosis was still used as the main anesthetic in surgery, hypnosis was currently widely used in perioperative, the use of hypnosis wit...

Hypnosis is a Surgical Pain Intervention: A Systematic Review

Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Community Health (ICCH 2019)

Surgery is a medical procedure that can cause perioperative pain. Pain in the perioperative phase that received by the patient can cause various complications. Hypnosis is a part of complementary and alternative therapies that are able to cope with pain. The purpose of the review is to perform a systematic review of the literature. Hypnosis is a part of complementary and alternative therapies that are able to cope with pain in surgery. A comprehensive article search through EBSCO, PROQUEST, and Scopus, the original article was sought in the period of publication between 1999 and 2019. The original articles reported on the effectiveness of hypnosis with surgical patient inclusion criteria. A total of 1994 studies have been identified in the literature search. However, only 27 studies were eligible for analysis in this study. The instruments used were visual analogue scale and numeric rating scale questionnaire were used to identify the level of pain in the study. The outcome revealed that hypnosis can decrease level of pain in each perioperative phase significantly. Further research needs to be done to add strong evidence about the use of hypnosis for perioperative pain management.

Hypnosis to manage distress related to medical procedures: a meta-analysis

Contemporary Hypnosis, 2008

The authors concluded that hypnosis should be used to reduce the emotional distress associated with medical procedures. The results of this review should be interpreted with caution due to a number of methodological issues. Study selection To be eligible, studies had to be published in a peer reviewed journal; have a full abstract available online; be a randomised controlled trial; have hypnosis as at least one of the intervention conditions; be related to a medical or dental procedure, other than childbirth; include a measure of distress or emotional well-being as an outcome variable; be a primary analysis; have sufficient data to calculate an effect size; and be an original publication. Trials describing suggestion as an intervention rather than hypnosis were also included. In the included trials, patients underwent a variety of medical procedures, with some trials focusing on adults, some on children, and some covering both. The patient age range was 4.8 to 70.3 years and the sample size ranged from 20 to 200 patients. Timing and delivery of the intervention varied across the trials. A variety of distress outcomes were measured, with anxiety being the most common. Four authors were involved in selecting trials and disagreements were resolved by consensus. Assessment of study quality The authors did not state that they assessed validity. Data extraction Interventions were coded as hypnosis or suggestion and control conditions were either standard care or attention. Hypnosis could be either live or recorded and the timing could be prior to a medical procedure, during the procedure, or both. The authors noted where effect sizes had to be imputed. They extracted between-group results to calculate the effect sizes for each intervention compared with control and for each distress outcome. Once the initial effect sizes were established, a mean effect size for each comparison for each trial was calculated, across the distress outcome variables. Two authors independently extracted data for the review and discrepancies were resolved by consensus. Methods of synthesis Meta-analysis was conducted both without weights applied to the trials and with weights based on sample sizes, using a random-effects model. Tests of heterogeneity (Q statistic) were conducted and the results were used to investigate variables that might affect the overall effect size. Publication bias was assessed using Orwin's fail-safe N. Results of the review Twenty-six randomised controlled trials were included in the review (n=2,398 patients). Hypnosis was found to have a statistically significant, large, beneficial effect on emotional distress from medical procedures. Using a random-effects model, the authors found a mean effect size of 0.88 (95% CI 0.57 to 1.19). Using a

Hypnosis as Sole Anesthesia for Major Surgeries: Historical & Contemporary Perspectives

American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis, 2008

Hypnosis is a well validated treatment for acute and chronic pain (Montgomery, DuHamel, & Redd, 2000). It has been found capable of reducing inflammation, altering blood flow, and producing beneficial effects when hypnotic suggestions are provided during and prior to surgery (Frederick, 2001) and other painful medical procedures. This paper quotes extensively from historical examples of the use of hypnosis (mesmerism) as the sole anesthesia for major surgeries in the 1800's. These historic examples by themselves provide powerful documentation of the ability of the mind to influence the body, but they are then followed by a review of contemporary literature and controlled research on the use in hypnosis in relation to surgery and prior to medical procedures.

Clinical Hypnosis in Medical Care: A Mixed-Method Feasibility Study

Integrative Cancer Therapies, 2021

Background Preoperative hypnosis has shown promising effects in controlling side effects from breast cancer surgery, but the feasibility and effects are largely unknown outside the US. Methods A mixed-methods approach was applied involving a large-scale population survey and a small-scale pilot study. The survey assessed attitudes toward hypnosis in a representative sample from the general population (n = 1049), while the pilot study involved interviews with 5 women who received hypnosis prior to mastectomy/lumpectomy. Results In the survey, 8% reported to have previous experience with hypnosis, and 67% reported willingness to accept hypnosis in a medical setting. Increasing age was associated with more skepticism, while previous experience was associated with less skepticism. In the pilot study, 4 themes were identified: (1) caretaking, (2) experiences related to hypnosis, (3) thoughts and feelings related to diagnosis, and (4) surgery. All participants reported positive experience...

Hypnosis in the operating room: are anesthesiology teams interested and well-informed?

BMC Anesthesiology

Background Hypnosis can be a beneficial complementary anesthesia technique for a variety of surgical procedures. Despite favorable scientific evidence, hypnosis is still rarely used in the operating room. Obstacles to implementation could be a lack of interest or training, misconceptions, as well as limited knowledge amongst anesthesiology teams. Hence, this study aimed to assess the interest, training, beliefs, and knowledge about hypnosis in the operating room staff. Design A questionnaire with 21-items, based on a prior survey, was set up on an online platform. The medical and nursing anesthesiology staff of four Swiss academic and large regional hospitals (N = 754) were invited to participate anonymously through e-mails sent by their hierarchy. Results were analyzed quantitatively. Results Between June, 2020 and August, 2021 353 answers were collected (47% response rate). Most (92%) were aware that hypnosis needs specific training, with 14% trained. A large majority of the untra...

Hypnosis as a Valuable Tool for Surgical Procedures in the Oral and Maxillofacial Area

American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis, 2017

Hypnosis is a valuable tool in the management of patients who undergo surgical procedures in the maxillofacial complex, particularly in reducing and eliminating pain during surgery and aiding patients who have dental fear and are allergic to anesthesia. This case report demonstrates the efficacy of hypnosis in mitigating anxiety, bleeding, and pain during dental surgery without anesthesia during implant placement of tooth 14, the upper left first molar.

The Effect of Hypnosis on Intraoperative Hemorrhage and Postoperative Pain in Rhinoplasty

International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis, 2019

This prospective, randomized study investigated the effects of preoperative hypnosis on hemorrhage and pain in open septorhinoplasty (SRP). Twenty-two patients undergoing SRP under general anesthesia were included and equally divided into two groups. Patients in the hypnosis group (HG) received a total of three sessions of hypnotic induction. The first two sessions occurred 3 days and 1 day prior to surgery, respectively, and the last session was in the hospital the day of surgery. The other 11 patients constituted the control group (CG). Compared with the CG, the HG's intraoperative use of total remifentanil and the visual analog scale scores at the 2nd and 3rd postoperative hours were significantly lower (p < .05). Hypnosis did not affect the quality of the surgical field. However, preoperative use of hypnosis decreased intraoperative remifentanil requirements and postoperative pain.