Gender Difference on Case Detection of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Among the Suspected Cases Attending in Jutpani Primary Health Centre of Chitwan, Nepal (original) (raw)
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Prevalence of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Jutpani VDC, Chitwan, Nepal
Nepalese Journal of Zoology
Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the major public health problems in the developing countries like Nepal. The present study was carried out in Jutpani VDC of Chitwan Nepal from July to December 2012 with the objective to determine the situation of Tuberculosis in Jutpani VDC, Chitwan. During the study period, a total of 600 sputum samples from 200 TB suspected patients were collected and examined in the Laboratory of Jutpani Primary Health Center (PHC). Diagnosis was made after staining the sputum smear by Z-N staining method and examined under light microscope. Out of 200 TB suspected patients, 18(9%) were found to be AFB positive. Among patients diagnosed as having pulmonary Tuberculosis (PTB), males (55.56%) were found to be infected more than females (44.44%) which was found to be statistically insignificant (Χ2cal. = 0.4524, P<0.01). Highest prevalence of TB infection (36.89%) was found to be in the age group of 30-40 years. A questionnaire survey of 57 Pulmonary Tuberculosis (PT...
Prevalence of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Kanchanpur District of Far Western Nepal
Journal of Nepal Medical Association, 2005
Keeping in view of high prevalence of tuberculosis in far western development region in different reports, adoor to door survey of 125 household was carried out randomly in Mahendra Nagar municipality ward no13 of Kanchanpur district to pick up symptomatics suggestive of pulmonary tuberculosis and find the prevalence in the target population. A total of 200 sputum specimens from 70 symptomatics within the age rangeof 10-80 years were collected and subjected to smear microscopy by Ziehl - Neelsen's method. Out of 10positive cases (14.28%), infection in males and females was 80% and 20% respectively. The infection wasfound in the productive age group 20-69. The highest prevalence was obtained in 20-29 age group (25%)followed by 40-49 (11%), 30-39 (9%), 50-59 (8%) and 60-69 (8%). The diagnostic yield of single sputumspecimen examined was insufficient in field condition, especially where the sputum positivity was low. Of thethree sputum smears examined, the early morning specimen ha...
Pulmonary tuberculosis at Patan Hospital, Nepal: One year audit
Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases, 2021
Background: Globally, Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the top 10 causes of death. In Nepal, poverty and malnutrition aggravate the burden of TB. To identify Mycobacterium tuberculosis sputum is the best sample to identify the bacterium which is helpful for diagnosis. The aim of this study is to identify the situation, burden and challenges of pulmonary tuberculosis in low-middle income country like Nepal. Method: A retrospective-audit with reliable-secondary-data of one year was collected (n = 4131). Descriptiveanalysis was performed using frequency, percentage and analytical using chi-square-test. Level of significance was set at p < 0.05. Ethical Approval was obtained from IRC-PAHS. Result: The prevalence of notified/suspected cases was highest among the patients having >60 years of age 1344 (32.54%) and least among the patients with ≤15 years of age 239(5.79%). The male had 1.67 times more smearpositive pulmonary TB cases. Among the AFB-positive cases, smear 3+ was seen in most of the cases 69(38.54%) followed by smear 1+ and smear 2+ in 56(31.28%) and 54(30.16%) respectively. Conclusion: The prevalence of smear-positive pulmonary TB case is higher in male. Smear 3+ is seen in most of the followed by smear 1+ and smear 2+. The Burden of Pulmonary TB is more among adult and old-age-people and its control is a challenge for developing and low-middle income countries like Nepal.
JNMA: Journal of the Nepal Medical Association, 2021
Introduction: Tuberculosis has high burden in developing countries like Nepal. This study aims to determine the prevalence of tuberculosis among patients admitted in the department of medicine of a tertiary hospital. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study of all the patients admitted to the tertiary care hospital from 1st January 2017 to 31st December 2019 was done. Ethical approval was obtained from Institutional Review Committee (Ref: drs2006181387). Convenience sampling method was used. A descriptive analysis of demographic, clinical and laboratory profile of patients was made using Microsoft Excel version 2016. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and proportion for binary data. Results: Among 6829 patients admitted to the department of medicine, 209 (3.06%) (2.65-3.47 at 95% CI) patients were diagnosed with tuberculosis. Among them, 147 (70.33%) were males and the mean age was 49.77 years. Pulmonary and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis...
Background: This retrospective study was carried out in the Department of Physiology Nishtar Medical College/Hospital Multan in collaboration with Department of Chest Medicine and Tuberculosis to assess the gender differences among pulmonary tuberculosis suspects undergoing diagnostic sputum smear microscopy. Data from Pulmonology Ward Nishtar Hospital, Multan during January 2005 to October 2007 was summarized and analyzed for this study. Objective: To assess the gender differences among suspected pulmonary tuberculosis patients undergoing diagnostic sputum smear microscopy. Study Design: Retrospective, hospital based study. Materials and Methods: The hospital records of 2468 newly diagnosed patients of pulmonary tuberculosis were analyzed. The patients were classified into various groups according to gender and age. Results: Female to Male ratio of more than one (1.05/1) was found among pulmonary tuberculosis suspects undergoing sputum examination attending the Out Patient Department of Chest Medicine. However, AFB sputum smear positive cases were less among female patients, and female to male ratio was less than one (0.84 / 1.0). The overall AFB sputum smear positive cases were significantly higher in male patients. Conclusion: Gender & age are both traditionally known variables in terms of incidence and prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis. The existing gender disparity and pattern of gender specific treatment seeking is one of such indicators which call for more attention to both males and females, especially because they are in economically productive age group.
Public Health, 2012
Tuberculosis (TB) is a leading public health problem worldwide particularly in the developing countries like Nepal. The objective of the study was to know status of TB infection cases among the patients visiting to Malakheti hospital, Kailali, Seti zone, Nepal. A cross-sectional study was carried out on total of 545 patients made up of inpatients and outpatients at the Malakheti hospital, Kailali Seti zone between January 2008 and July 2009. A questionnaire was designed to obtain age, sex, ethnic group, occupation, marital status, address, and religion. Three consecutive days samples were collected. The World Health Organization (WHO) procedure for diagnosis of TB at the district level was adopted for this study by the Ziehl-Neelsen (Zn) method using hot technique and examined with oil immersion using binocular light microscope. Of the total 545 cases under investigation only 428 completed the study. The total number of male and female were 340(62.4%) and female 205(37.6%) respectively. Of the total visiting patient 485 were from Kailali, 53 were from kanchanpur and 7 were from others place. While age wise distribution less than 11 years, 11-19,19-60 and 60+ were 11(2.0%), 33(6.1%), 403(73.9%) and 98(18%) respectively. Total positive case of the pulmonary tuberculosis by staining method was found to be 47(10.98%) and negative cases were 381(89.02%). No significant relation was found with the variables. The study concludes that still it has high TB infection in Nepal and the prevention and treatment should be more improved.
Prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis among HIV infected persons in Pokhara, Nepal
Journal of Nepal Health Research Council
Tuberculosis (TB) is a major public health problem in Nepal. HIV co-infection has further added a serious challenge to control TB. An early diagnosis and treatment of TB in HIV infected individuals can help reduce not only the morbidity and mortality associated in this high risk group but also to control the TB burden in Nepal. Clinical and bacteriological examination for pulmonary TB was carried out in 184 HIV positive persons from the community in Pokhara. Questionnaire was used to screen for symptoms and collect participants' demographic information and potential risk factors for TB. Eighty (43.5%) sero-positive participants were young adult (21-30 years), followed by 71 (38.6%) middle aged (31-40 years) persons. Eleven participants were found to have Mycobacterium tuberculosis in their sputum, giving an overall prevalence of tuberculosis of 5.97%. All 11 cases were detected by Acid Fast Bacilli (AFB) culture, of which only three cases were detected by direct microscopy of AF...