Investigating Relationships Between Tourism, Economic Growth, and CO2 Emissions in Brazil: An Application of the Nonlinear ARDL Approach (original) (raw)
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2021
The purpose of this study is to assess the asymmetric associations of environmental degradation, and economic growth with Pakistan's tourism demand. To fulfil this purpose, “non-linear autoregressive distributed lag” (NARDL) modelling was performed on the time series data collected from Pakistan for 26 years. The unit root test, co-integration test, long-run estimation, and NARDL estimations were applied to the data to generate findings. The present study revealed the presence of significant asymmetric associations between environmental degradation and tourism demand and economic growth and tourism demand. It is found that the increase and decrease in economic growth cause the tourism demand of Pakistan to increase. Results further indicate that the increase in environmental degradation in Pakistan causes its tourism demand to reduce. The current study tends to be theoretically significant and practically beneficial for Pakistan's policymakers. It will help them realize the ...
Travel and tourism have glimpsed a significant and promising implication for economic development. Despite the commendatory implication of tourism, it levies a stringent environmental cost such as environmental degeneration. Hence, this study will incorporate the 18 countries out of the top 20 travel and tourism contributors to economic growth to assess the progressive correlation between tourist arrival, economic growth, energy consumption, and oil consumption on carbon emission by applying panel ARDL spanning from 1995 to 2019. The outcome of the panel ARDL reveals that both periods have witnessed that the endogenous variables have a substantial and positive impact on environmental degradation except for tourism as it indicates −0.22 and −0.48% in the long and short run, having a rate of adjustment as −0.52 toward the equilibrium. The simultaneous quantile regression reveals that in the 50 and 75 percentiles, the effect of tourism has a negative impact, which contradicts the PMG findings. These determinations suggest that the policymakers look for more manageable and environmentally sound tourism and economic growth procedures to safeguard the sustainable environment in the studied countries.
Economic Research-Ekonomska Istraživanja , 2022
The aim of this study is to examine the impact of international tourism on economic growth and carbon emissions by using the Panel VAR model in selected OECD countries. By using yearly data for the periods of 1995 and 2020, we examine the dynamic rela- tionship between international tourism, economic growth, and carbon emissions using the Granger causality test and impulse responses analysis. Although we could not determine the pres- ence of a causal link between the variables using the Granger causality test, impulse responses analysis confirmed that responses of carbon emissions and economic growth to an unex- pected international tourism shock are positive and significant. On the other hand, impulse responses analysis results show that responses of carbon emissions and economic growth to unex- pected international tourism are positive and significant. The empirical findings also indicated that the responses of carbon emissions to an unexpected international tourism shock are higher than the responses of economic growth to an unexpected international tourism shock and these findings indicate that the negative impact of international tourism on environmental quality is greater than its positive impact on economic growth. Policymakers should take actions and measures to reduce the impact of international tourism on environmental deterioration. Improvements and dissemination of eco-friendly technologies in all tourism activities may help to reduce the negative impact of international tourism on carbon emissions.
Environmental Science and Pollution Research
Using a non-linear autoregressive distributed lag time-series analysis, this paper investigates the causal relationship between climate change, the tourism sector, and energy consumption in Turkey. The trade-off between a country's economic growth and the environmental degradation caused by tourism and the energy sector is critical in terms of scientifically addressing the issue and developing economic policies. As a result, climate change is used as the dependent variable and is represented by precipitation and temperature separately; the independent variables are tourist arrivals, energy consumption, and economic growth. Data is gathered by various institutions from 1995 to 2020. According to the test results, while positive and negative shocks contribute to the decrease in precipitation and temperature in renewable energy consumption (REC) in the long-run, they affect the increase in precipitation and temperature in non-renewable energy consumption (NREC). In the long-run relationship between tourism and temperature, a decrease in the number of tourist arrivals causes a decrease in temperature and precipitation. The findings reveal that a decrease in the number of tourist arrivals and an increase in REC may aid in decreasing temperature, while the increase in NREC may cause an increase in temperature. Through a case study of Turkey, decision-makers should consider these scientific findings that are in the frame of non-linear analysis as possible scenarios for mitigating climate change and fostering sustainable economic growth with efficient tourism policies for the world.
Examining the relationship between tourism and CO2 emissions: evidence from APEC region
An International Journal of Tourism and Hospitality (Anatolia), 2022
The paper investigates the relationship between tourism, energy consumption, trade openness, economic growth, and CO2 emissions for 20 economies of the APEC region from 1995 to 2017. This paper employs cross-sectional dependence with heterogeneous panel estimation techniques. The data confirms cross-sectional dependence, and the CIPS panel unit root test shows that the variables are stationary at their first differences. The Westerlund panel cointegration test affirms a long-run relationship among the variables. Tourism and trade openness have significant positive effects on CO2 emissions while economic growth and energy consumption adversely affect CO2 emissions in the long-run. The panel non-causality test reveals that there is a one-way causality running from tourism to CO2 emissions and economic growth to CO2 emissions.
Review of Economics and Development Studies
The current study inspects the nonlinear effects of tourism (TOR), energy use, and output growth on carbon emissions in the selected South Asian (SA) countries, namely Pakistan, Nepal, Sri Lanka, and India. The empirical results are obtained by implementing the recently developed nonlinear autoregressive distributive lag (NARDL) technique covering the data spanning from 1990 to 2019. The empirical findings suggest the nonlinear effect of TOR on carbon emissions in the long run. Further, the results revealed that positive shocks in TOR have a positive and significant effect on carbon emissions in the SA region. In contrast, negative shocks in TOR mitigate carbon emissions in all SA economies except Nepal. Moreover, the results demonstrate that energy use and output growth also have a meaningful impact on carbon emissions. Based on the findings, the directions for future research and policy implications are proposed.
Since the 2000s, the BRICS countries have been extensively researched due to their increasing economic growth rates, attractiveness for foreign direct investment (FDI), and their influence on the global economic system. BRICS countries, which constitute 24% of the global gross domestic product (GDP), increased their influence on the global economy with a growth rate of 6.21% while causing environmental degradation due to excessive use of resources. The rise in carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions is a significant indicator of environmental deterioration. Studies analyzing the relationship between tourism and economic indicators are relatively rare, despite the abundance of research on the impact of economic growth on carbon emissions. To fill this gap in the literature, this study was conducted. Using a panel data analysis approach, this study aims to examine the impact of tourism, economic growth, and FDI on carbon emissions in BRICS countries between 1995 and 2020. The results from the Westerlund cointegration test suggest a long-term relationship between CO2 emissions, GDP, FDI, and international tourist arrivals, indicating a cointegration relationship. According to the panel Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares (DOLS) test statistic, all the coefficients are statistically significant at either the 1% level or the 5% level. The DOLS test indicates that a one-unit increase in GDP leads to a 0.10% rise in CO2 emissions. Based on the results of the research, managerial implications are discussed and suggestions for future research are presented.
Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2019
The importance of sustainable tourism in environmental literature is well documented, while there is a need to explore its different socioeconomic and environmental factors that are helpful to promote sustainable development across countries. The objective of the study is to investigate the relationship between international tourism (ITOUR), energy demand (ED), carbon dioxide emissions (CO 2), and economic growth (EG) by using a panel data of top 10 tourism-induced countries for the period of 1995-2016. The findings confirmed the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis in the panel of top 10 countries. Moreover, the results show that FDI inflows negatively influenced natural environment in the form of high mass carbon emissions, which supported "pollution haven hypothesis (PHH)." The energy demand escalates carbon emissions across countries. The study confirmed the feedback relationship between (i) tourism income (TI) and ED, and (ii) CO 2 emissions and international tourism departures (ITD), while study supported the growth-led tourism income across countries. The study concludes that government(s) should have to focus on ecotourism policies and energy resources in a way to mitigate carbon emissions that is imperative for sustainable development across countries.
Current Issues in Tourism, 2016
The present paper endeavours to analyse and provide fresh insights from the dynamic association between tourist arrivals, transportation services, growth and carbon dioxide emanation in the United States. The analysis employs a unique Morlet's Wavelet method. Precisely, this paper implements Partial and Multiple Wavelet Coherence techniques to the monthly dataset spanning from 2001 to 2017. From the frequency perspective, this research finds remarkable wavelet coherence and vigorous lead and lag associations. The analysis discovers significant progress in variables over frequency and time. The variables display strong but inconsistent associations between them. There exist a strong co-movement among the variables considered, which is not equal across the time scales. The study may help the policymakers and regulars to devise strategies and formulate policies pertaining to tourism development, which can contribute towards environmentally sustainable economic growth.
Future Business Journal, 2023
At the heart of the post-COP26 era and the European Green deal lies the underlying goals in Europe targeting climate neutrality and zero pollution through tourism developments and promotion of economic well-being of regions. This study empirically investigates the dynamic linkages among tourism developments and emission while controlling for the influence of economic growth, trade, energy demand under the framework of Panel Autoregressive Distributed Lag (PARDL) using the top 12 tourist countries in the EU from 1995 to 2018. The findings are as follows: First, the study found that trade openness negatively influences emissions. Second, economic growth, tourism, and energy use positively and significantly influence emissions. Third, energy demand positively and significantly influences economic growth and tourism development in the short and long run. The study recommends additional tourism and energy development policies along with structures that rapidly drive economic activities to turn carbon-intensive economies into green economies.