Quantum Wave Mechanics Ch 42 Newtonian Gravitational Force (original) (raw)
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A quantum vacuum model unites an electron's gravitational and electromagnetic forces
This article proves that the electrostatic and gravitational forces exerted between two electrons are closely related. For example, these two forces can be expressed as related linear and nonlinear effects in nearly identical equations. The vast difference between the electron’s electrostatic and gravitational forces is due to the electron’s wave amplitude term raised to two different powers. This unification was found by adopting John Wheeler’s “quantum foam” model of the quantum vacuum and modeling an electron as a rotating wave in this medium. This rotating wave model of an electron is shown to achieve an electron’s approximate energy and de Broglie wave characteristics while exhibiting no detectable volume. Also, ħ/2 quantized angular momentum gives this electron model wave-particle duality characteristics. It is possible to go directly to Section 12 (page 16) to see the equations that prove the close relationship between the electron’s gravitational and electrostatic forces.
Quantum Wave Mechanics Ch 33 Gravitation
Quantum Wave Mechanics 4th ed., 2022
Gravitation in a quantum gravity theory is a result of resonant electromagnetic wave interactions in a polarizable vacuum (PV) with a variable refractive index. Unlike the geometric spacetime curvature assumed in the Einstein theory of General Relativity, gravitation is described by variation in EM wave energy and density as measured by local variation in the vacuum refractive index. Variable vacuum electric permittivity and magnetic permeabilty results in alteration in the speed of light providing an explanation for bending of lighr. Gravitational attraction between masses modeled as EM oscillators, as shown by Ivanov, is the result of arrhythmia (frequency pulling effect) due to a difference in frequencies. Mass represents to frequency change. EM wavelength contraction and frequency shift in a polarizable vacuum accounts for mass in motion and gravitational effects including energy change, deflection of light, gravitational frequency shift and clock slowing.
Quantum Wave Mechanics Ch 47 Gravitation Field of Mass in Motion
Quantum Wave Mechanics 4th ed., 2022
For mass in motion, the gravitational field undergoes a Lorentz contraction in the direction of motion. Mass motion constitutes a mass current analogous to an electric current. As a result, there is a circumferential gravitomagnetic field similar to the magnetic field of an electric current albeit much weaker to the large gravitomagnetic permeability. Relative motion generates a cogravitation field K in the Jefimenko model exerting a force F (= m(v x K) on a moving mass with velocity v in the direction of motion. A gravikinetic field is analogous to an electrokinetic field opposing motion. The cogravitation force associated with Lagrange orbital positions is illustrated.
Collection of scientific works of Odesa Military Academy, 2021
It is shown that gravitating objects that are at rest, or move without acceleration, create a standing gravitational wave in space. The length of this wave is a quantization step of the gravitational field. It is proportional to the mass of the gravitating object. The coefficient of proportionality is a value that is inverse to the linear density of the Planck mass, that is, proportional to the linear rarefaction of the Planck mass. A physically standing gravitational wave is a curvature, deformation of space under the influence of the gravitational field of a gravitating object. If we imagine a gravitating object as a material point, then the geometric picture of a standing gravitational wave can be represented as a set of hierarchical spherical equipotential surfaces embedded in each other, the radius of which changes away from the center of gravity by the value of the quantization step. It is shown that a standing gravitational wave has a quantum character. The quantum of the gravitational field is the square of the speed of light in a vacuum. The quantum of the gravitational field is equal to the gravitational potential of the gravitating object at a distance from it equal to the quantization step. Theoretical and experimental substantiation of the presence of gravitational-electromagnetic resonance (GER) in nature is given. This resonance arises when the wave vectors of a standing gravitational wave and an electromagnetic wave traveling in space are equal. GER is the basis for modulating the emission spectrum of stars and their clusters. The wavelength of the envelope of the spectrum is proportional to the mass of the radiating object. By measuring the wavelength of the envelope, one can accurately estimate the mass of the radiating object. The physical nature of the quantum gravitational field is the kinematic gravitational viscosity of the gravitational field of the baryonic matter of the observable Universe.
International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy, 2013
In the paper, the outline of a new quantum theory of gravitation is presented. The energetic states of a material body, stable and unstable, are described. Characteristics of a body motion in a gravitation-inertia space-time has been given. It has been proved that all the time both gravitation and inertia are co-existent, independent on the position of a moving object. This is the reason of that twolink name of the space-time. A thorough in-depth analysis of the problem made it possible to state that so called the law of common gravity is a hyperbolic approximation of a proper course of inertia force. Therefore the mentioned courses have only two common points. One of them, the initial point belongs also to the course line of the gravity force, constant on the whole length of space-time. This theory is adequate in character and thus generally does not corresponds with the existent classical theory of gravitation.
A certain generalization of Maxwell equations was proposed in [1]. It implies the use of total time derivatives instead of the partial ones. A partial solution of this system was found for the case of the fields induced by electric charges. The scalar product of electric fields created by different charges determines their interaction energy, and the vector product of their magnetic fields determines their interaction impulse. Having calculated interaction energy gradient, we obtain interaction force as Huygens understood it, and having calculated impulse total time derivative, we obtain Newton’s interaction force. It turns out that these forces’ physical meaning and mathematical description essentially differ. The gradient part depends on the product of charges’ velocities, and is equal to zero if at least one of the charges is at rest. This part incorporates force formulas proposed earlier by Ampere, Whittaker and Lorentz. The last one is usually defined by interaction of a certain charge, called “test charge” and the fields induced by the other charge. Actually it coincides with force formula proposed earlier by Grassmann. The proposed formula, in contrast to Lorentz formula, satisfies Newton’s third law. The second Newtonian part of the force formula depends on the product of the differences of the charge velocities and accelerations. Therefore it predicts interaction, in particular, between moving and standing charges, in addition to Coulomb force. It contains terms proposed earlier for force description by Gauss and Weber. As in the case of the Lorentz force formula, it adds terms that make the Gauss and Weber force symmetric. A certain part of this force is inverse in squared light velocity c2 and a part of it is inverse in c3. Apparently these items are essential for the electroweak interaction. This appendix is devoted to a similar investigation of gravitational forces created by moving masses. Corresponding fields are described by Maxwell type equations in which first time derivatives are changed for the second ones. One can say that Electricity is a field of velocities and gravity is a field of accelerations. Solutions of such a system are used to construct interaction energy and interaction impulse. The gradient of the scalar product of corresponding gravitational fields, and second time derivative of vector product of gravimagnetic fields, turn out to give accurate analogs of electrodynamic interaction. But here forces depend not only on velocities and accelerations, but also on third and fourth derivatives as well.
Investigation of Coulomb-Like Gravitational Interaction
2013
Gravitational relationship between two types of mass is investigated. It is proposed that the source of a dynamic scalar field that permeates all of space and defines the dynamics of the cosmos is the repelling self-gravitational nature of dark matter (DM) particles and the attractive gravitational nature between DM and baryons respectively. The model defines DM as a new form of matter and attributes self-antigravity to both baryons and DM and defines DM-Baryon gravitational interaction as like particles repel while unlike particles attract; a coulomb interaction. DM particles are proposed to permeate all of space, and arguably define space-time itself when describing Relativity Theory, and interact with baryons only gravitationally. To resolve the controversy of the apparent self-attraction of baryonic matter, metal-like force is proposed to produce Newtonian dynamics within cores of galaxies. In this metal-like attraction, same type mass (baryons) are gravitationally attracted to each other when a sea of other type DM "particles" are attracted to them and glue them together analogous to a metal bond. When baryonic objects defy their own repulsive nature and come close enough to each other, other dominant forces take place such as electromagnetic force. Normal matter is then created and further coalesces to form galactic structures. In light of this attraction-repulsion gravitational force, intergalactic self-repulsive DM particles are proposed to result in accelerating expansion of the universe. The model introduces new physics and explains the large scale structure of the universe. It also explains many cosmological anomalies and mysteries and removes gravitational singularity of black holes. An attempt to explain the model under the umbrella of Relativity Theory is presented.
An Approach to Quantum Gravitodynamics and Some Important Results
World Journal of Applied Physics, 2020
We present in this article a new approach to the theory of gravitation. Here, the gravitational field of a gravitating body is assumed to be four fold. The gravitating body of mass M possesses gravitoelectric mass M, gravitomagnetic mass-2M. The test particle possess electric and magnetic masses that are algebraically of the same sign of that of the source body, i.e., m and-2m. Based on the electrostatic force formula, we find four forces acting on the test particle. The sum of these forces gives exactly the Newtonian gravitation force and gravitational potential energy. The classical theory of this approach yields four sets of Maxwellian equations and thus, four spin 1 bosons convey the complete force of gravity. The quantum version of this approach to gravity is illustrated here by presenting the fundamental Feynman diagrams that issue from the new theory. We work out scattering cross-section of interaction of an electron with a fixed gravitating mass partially. Of the four Feynman diagrams, we work out cross-section of scattering for only the simplest diagram. The non-relativistic limit of the cross-section is found and compared with that of electric Rutherford scattering. It is found that the electromagnetic cross-section is 10 17 times larger than the gravitational cross-section for the one process we considered. The work is fundamental and sheds new light onto quantum gravitodynamics.