Early pregnancy vitamin D status and risk of preeclampsia (original) (raw)
Related papers
Clinical Nutrition, 2019
Background &Aims. Vitamin D is thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. To evaluate the relationship between vitamin D insufficiency in the first trimester of pregnancy and preeclampsia. Methods. Nested case-control study (FEPED study) in type 3 obstetrical units. Pregnant women from 10 to 15 WA. For each patient with preeclampsia, 4 controls were selected from the cohort and matched by parity, skin color, maternal age, season and BMI. The main outcome measure was serum 25(OH)D status in the first trimester Results: 83 cases of preeclampsia were matched with 319 controls. Mean 25(OH)D levels in the first trimester were 20.1 ± 9.3 ng/mL in cases and 22.3 ± 11.1 ng/mL in controls (p=0.09). The risk for preeclampsia with 25(OH)D level >30 ng/mL in the first trimester was decreased, but did not achieve statistical significance (OR, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.30-1.01; p=0.09). High 25(OH)D during the 3 rd trimester was associated with a significantly decreased risk of preeclampsia (OR, 0.43; 95%CI, 0.23-0.80; p=0.008). When women with 25(OH)D levels <30 ng/mL both in the first and 3 rd trimesters ("low-low") were taken as references, OR for preeclampsia was 0.59 (95% CI, 0.31-1.14; p=0.12) for "low-high" or "high-low" women and 0.34 (95% CI, 0.13-0.86; p = 0.02) for "high-high" women. Conclusions: No significant association between preeclampsia and vitamin D insufficiency in the first trimester was evidenced. However, women with vitamin D sufficiency during the 3 rd trimester and both in the first and 3 rd trimesters had a significantly lower risk of preeclampsia.
Vitamin D status in early pregnancy and risk of preeclampsia
American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2014
We sought to examine the association between maternal serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) concentration in early pregnancy and the subsequent diagnosis of preeclampsia (PE). This was a nested case-control study from 2 prospective Canadian cohorts conducted in Quebec City, Quebec, and Halifax, Nova Scotia, from 2002 through 2010. Participants were pregnant women (n = 169 cases with PE and 1975 controls). Maternal serum was drawn &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;20 weeks of gestation, and 25(OH)D measurement was performed. Cases were ascertained from medical records. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals. Women who developed PE had a significantly lower 25(OH)D concentration at a mean gestational age of 14 weeks compared with women in the control group (mean ± SD 25[OH]D 47.2 ± 17.7 vs 52.3 ± 17.2 nmol/L, P &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; .0001). Women with 25(OH)D &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;30 nmol/L compared to those with at least 50 nmol/L had a greater risk of developing PE (adjusted odds ratio, 2.23; 95% confidence interval, 1.29-3.83) after adjustment for prepregnancy body mass index, maternal age, smoking, parity, season and year of blood collection, gestational week at blood collection, and cohort site. Exploratory analysis with cubic splines demonstrated a dose-response relationship between maternal 25(OH)D and risk of PE, up to levels around 50 nmol/L, where the association appeared to plateau. Maternal vitamin D deficiency early in pregnancy defined as 25(OH)D &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;30 nmol/L may be an independent risk factor for PE. The relevance of vitamin D supplementation for women of childbearing age should be explored as a strategy for reducing PE and for promoting a healthier pregnancy.
Maternal Vitamin D Deficiency Increases the Risk of Preeclampsia
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 2007
Context: Vitamin D has direct influence on molecular pathways proposed to be important in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia, yet the vitamin D-preeclampsia relation has not been studied. Objectives: We aimed to assess the effect of maternal 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentration on the risk of preeclampsia and to assess the vitamin D status of newborns of preeclamptic mothers. Design and Setting: We conducted a nested case-control study of pregnant women followed from less than 16 wk gestation to delivery (1997-2001) at prenatal clinics and private practices. Patients: Patients included nulliparous pregnant women with singleton pregnancies who developed preeclampsia (n ϭ 55) or did not develop preeclampsia (n ϭ 219). Women's banked sera were newly measured for 25(OH)D. Main Outcome Measure: The main outcome measure was preeclampsia (new-onset gestational hypertension and proteinuria for the first time after 20 wk gestation). Our hypotheses were formulated before data collection. Results: Adjusted serum 25(OH)D concentrations in early pregnancy were lower in women who subsequently developed preeclampsia compared with controls [geometric mean, 45.4 nmol/ liter, and 95% confidence interval (CI), 38.6-53.4 nmol/liter, vs. 53.1 and 47.1-59.9 nmol/liter; P Ͻ 0.01]. There was a monotonic dose-response relation between serum 25(OH)D concentrations at less than 22 wk and risk of preeclampsia. After confounder adjustment, a 50-nmol/liter decline in 25(OH)D concentration doubled the risk of preeclampsia (adjusted odds ratio, 2.4; 95% CI, 1.1-5.4). Newborns of preeclamptic mothers were twice as likely as control newborns to have 25(OH)D less than 37.5 nmol/liter (adjusted odds ratio, 2.2; 95% CI, 1.2-4.1). Conclusions: Maternal vitamin D deficiency may be an independent risk factor for preeclampsia. Vitamin D supplementation in early pregnancy should be explored for preventing preeclampsia and promoting neonatal well-being.
Nutrients
Preeclampsia is a pregnancy-specific illness that is hypothesized to occur due to vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy. Therefore, vitamin D supplementation in early pregnancy should be explored for preventing preeclampsia and promoting neonatal well-being. The present study follows a case-control analysis that aims to determine the effect of vitamin D supplements on reducing the probability of recurrent preeclampsia. We identified 59 patients for the control group without vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy, while 139 patients were included in the cases group of pregnant women with a history of preeclampsia who confirmed taking daily vitamin D supplements in either 2000 UI or 4000 UI until the 36th week of pregnancy. There were 61 (80.3%) patients with a normal serum vitamin D level measured at 32 weeks in the pregnant women who took a daily dose of 4000 UI vitamin D and 43 (68.3%) in those who took a 2000 UI dose of vitamin D, compared to just 32 (54.2%) in those who did n...
Ratio between Low Serum Maternal 25-Hydroxy vitamin D Concentration and the Risk of Preeclampsia
The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine, 2018
Background: Vitamin D may play a role in the etiology of preeclampsia by regulating the transcription and function of genes associated with placental function, including placental invasion, normal implantation, and angiogenesis. Vitamin D also, modulates immune function and inflammatory response. Maternal vitamin D concentration may be influenced by several factors, including diet, supplementation, sun exposure, skin pigmentation, and genetics. Therefore, vitamin D deficiency is a potentially modifiable risk factor for preeclampsia. Objective: To find out if lower levels of vitamin D is more prevalent in preeclamptic women. Patients and Methods: This study carried out on 50 pregnant women recruited at pre labour room. They divided into preeclamptic group and non-preeclamptic group, 25 cases in each group. Current study was conducted as a case-control study to compare vitamin D level between preeclamptic and non-preeclamptic women at Al-Hussein University Hospital as current study re...
Benefits of Vitamin D Supplementation in Pregnancy for Prevention of Preeclampsia
2012
Aim: The role of vitamin D has been studied in growth and reproduction, carcinomas, psoriasis etc. Even in preeclampsia aberration in calcium homeostasis was found to be associated with decreased calcitriol levels. In present study, we investigated the role of vitamin D supplementation in regulation of calcium homeostasis and prevention of preeclampsia. Methods: The study comprised of 200 primigravidae, out of which 100 were managed with routine antenatal protocol (control group) while other 100 women received supplemental vitamin D (60,000 IU, every fortnight) along with routine antenatal protocol (study group) from 28±1 week till 36±1 week of gestation. Serum and urinary parameters of calcium homeostasis were estimated in both the groups and “Odds Ratio” was calculated to know the relative risk of preeclampsia. Results: The incidence of preeclampsia was found to be 10% in Control group and 4% in the Study group. The Odds Ratio for Preeclampsia was found to be 0.375 (95% confidence...
Vitamin-D dysregulation in early- and late-onset preeclampsia: A gestational-age matched study
The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but it is not yet the definitive version of record. This version will undergo additional copyediting, typesetting and review before it is published in its final form, but we are providing this version to give early visibility of the article. Please note that, during the production process, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.
International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2020
The beneficial effects of sunlight in preventing bone-related disorders have been well-known for centuries. Vitamin D is a modified steroid, synthesised under the influence of sunlight in the skin. Low Vitamin D status has associated with a higher risk of pre-eclampsia in pregnant womens. The aim of this study was to undertake a systematic review of different studies investigating the association between Vitamin D levels and pre-eclampsia in pregnant womens. A systematic review was undertaken. MEDLINE, PUBMED, EMBASE, Google Scholar were searched. The review protocol was designed to answer the question. Search terms (Preeclampsia and Vitamin D or 1,25 dihydroxy vitamin D). The search was confined to peer-reviewed articles that were published in English and contained an abstract. Reference list of journal articles were also screened for additional citations fitting our search criteria. Twenty-Seven studies were included in the systematic review that investigates the association betwe...
Association of vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy with preeclampsia and eclampsia
International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2016
Background: Vitamin D was considered important for bone and calcium. Historically thought to be important for bone and calcium metabolism but recent studies have redefined its role. There is some evidence now that low levels of Vitamin D are associated with the risk of preeclampsia but more studies are needed to prove the same. This study was done to determine whether vitamin D deficiency is an independent risk factor for preeclampsia/eclampsia. Methods: In this prospective case control study vitamin D levels were estimated in 92 women divided into two groups. Group 1(n = 42) included pregnant women with preeclampsia/eclampsia and group 2(n = 50) included uncomplicated pregnant women admitted in labour ward for delivery. The frequency of risk factors for preeclampsia/eclampsia were compared in two groups. Statistical analysis was done using the multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: Almost 100% women in both groups had low vitamin D levels. Mean serum 25(OH)D levels were significantly less in Group 1(6.7236ng/ml) as compared to group 2(9.8862 ng/ml, p = 0.004). 83.3% of women in group 1 had severe deficiency (25(OH)D levels <10 ng/ml) compared to 68% women in group 2. All women (100%) in group 1 had vitamin D deficiency (<20 ng/ml) as compared to 92% in group 2 but this was not statistically significant. Conclusions: Although mean serum 25(OH)D levels were significantly less in preeclampsia/eclampsia group, prevelance of vitamin D deficiency was not significantly different in pregnant women with preeclampsia/eclampsia as compared to women who did not have preeclampsia/eclampsia.
Women's Health Bulletin, 2016
Background: There is biologic and clinical evidence that links vitamin D deficiency to pre-eclampsia. The Vitamin D receptor is present in the placenta, cardiovascular system, and lymphocytes. It has anti-inflammatory, immune regulatory, and antihypertensive properties and facilitates placental implantation. Each of these processes is involved in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. Objectives: The main purpose of this study was to study the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and severe pre-eclampsia in a population residing in southern Iran that is generally known to have a high prevalence of vitamin deficiency. As a second objective, the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in pregnant women was investigated. Patients and Methods: We conducted a case-control study of 59 patients with severe preeclampsia and 217 controls, all of whom were from southern Iran. Cases and controls were matched for age, body mass index, and gestational age. The study was carried out in autumn and winter. Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D was measured using high performance liquid chromatography, and the results were compared between the two groups. Results: Almost all controls and patients had 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels below normal, and 69% had levels below 10 ng/mL. The mean 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in the patient and control groups were 8.4 (6.2) and 8.5 (6.9) ng/ml (P = 0.80), respectively. The level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D had no significant association with subjects' body mass index or age. Conclusions: Pregnant women in our region have a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency, and in a population with severe vitamin D deficiency, there is no significant correlation between 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and preeclampsia. Severe deficiency masks any possible association in a case-control study. Controlled trials with vitamin D supplementation are recommended for further studies.