Climate Changes in Slovakia: Analysis of Past and Present Observations and Scenarios of Future Developments (original) (raw)
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20-year extraordinary climatic period in Slovakia
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A temperature increase by 1.6 °C and annual precipitation decrease by 24 mm (3.1 %) was registered in Slovakia for the period 1881-2007. Details since 1901 can be seen in Fig. 1. On the other hand annual relative air humidity (based on Hurbanovo data only) decreased by 5 % and the April-September season means by 6 % since 1901 (Fig. 2). Water vapour pressure had an insignificant linear trend between 1901-2007 all year round with some lower values in 1976-1993, mainly in the April-September season (Lapin et al., 2008). A significant increase in air temperature and changes in precipitation have occurred in Slovakia also during the period 1951-2007, predominantly after 1985. The power trend of air temperature is significant also at α = 99 % level, at annual precipitation totals only at α = 90 % level (Fig. 1; Nosek, 1972).
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Precipitation and temperature are both very vital variable in the assessment process of climate change impacts, because it has a direct influence on hydrology, agriculture and energy (Khokhlov, 2012). This paper shows that the major cause of climate change in the future of Odessa, Ukraine is likely to be the drastic increase in temperature and precipitation. Though the past trends seem to show that increase in temperature and precipitation are the likely cause of climate but are not independently causing these changes. Having assessed the effect of climate change in this region, alot of havoc has been caused to the environment and its components. These havoc includes high mortality rate of humans, animals and plants due to heat waves, decline in the quality of water bodies ecology,decrease in the quantity of snow and much more. This paper concludes cooling mechanisms or large air conditioners should be made available so as to reduce the effect of heat waves on man. Also that if effective actions like Carbon offsets and reduction in activities that brings about dangerous emmissions that are causing the abnormalities and high probability of causing more in temperature and precipitation trends, this effect of this change can be reduced if not total eradication.