Polypyrrole/silver composites prepared by single-step synthesis (original) (raw)
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Polypyrrole-silver Nanocomposite : Synthesis and Characterization
2016
Polypyrrole-Silver (PPy-Ag) nanocomposite has been successfully synthesized by the chemical oxidative polymerization of pyrrole with iron (III) chloride as an oxidant, in the presence of a colloidal suspension of silver nanoparticles. Turkevich method (Citrate reduction method) was used for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs). The silver nanoparticles were characterized by UV-Visible spectroscopy which showed an absorption band at 423 nm confirming the formation of nanoparticles. PPy-Ag nanocomposite was characterized by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques for morphological and structural confirmations. TEM and SEM images revealed that the silver nanoparticles were well dispersed in the PPy matrix. XRD pattern showed that PPy is amorphous but the presence of the peaks at 2θ values of 38.24°, 44.57°, 64.51° and 78.45° corresponding to a cubic phase ...
Polypyrrole-silver composites prepared by the reduction of silver ions with polypyrrole nanotubes
Polymer Chemistry, 2013
Polypyrrole nanotubes were prepared by the oxidation of pyrrole with iron(III) chloride in the presence of methyl orange. They were subsequently used for the reduction of silver ions to silver nanoparticles. The nanotubular form of polypyrrole is compared with the classical globular morphology in its ability to reduce silver ions. Both polypyrrole salts and bases were used in the experiments. The content of metallic silver in the resulting composite, determined by thermogravimetric analysis, was 21-31 wt%.
Interfacial polymerization of pyrrole and in situ synthesis of polypyrrole/silver nanocomposites
Polymer, 2007
We present a new synthetic approach leading to the formation of polypyrrole architectures in submicron level and to silver/polypyrrole nanocomposites via an interfacial polymerization in a water/chloroform interface. The oxidizing agent was either Ag(I) or Fe(III). In the first case, silver nanoparticles resulted. The mean diameter of the polypyrrole structures is in the range of 200–300 nm according to the addition or not of various surfactants. The progress of the reaction was studied by UV–visible spectroscopy, which also revealed the formation of a polaron band during the growth of the oligomers. The crystal structure of the polymers was examined by X ray diffractometry and all samples appeared to be amorphous, while the samples were further characterized by thermogravimetric analysis and FT-IR spectroscopy.
Preparation and characterization of hybrid materials based on polypyrrole and silver nanoparticles
Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2009
Hybrid material is one of the most promising materials classed in the 21 st century because of its unique properties and its advanced applications. In this work, hybrid materials based on polypyrrole (Ppy) and silver nanoparicles were prepared and characterized. The preparation of the hybrid material was performed by the chemical polymerization method. The structure , electrical and thermal properties of Ppy/Ag hybrid materials were characterized by XRD, SEM, and TGA and the conventional four probe method. The results showed that the Ag particles of 4-8 nm were agglomerated during the in-situ polymerization of PPy and formed some clusters with the diameter of 25-150 nm. By the addition of Ag particles, the electrical conductivity of Ppy increased with increasing Ag concentration. The thermal stability of Ppy was significantly improved by modification with Ag particles.
Facile synthesis of silver-polypyrrole nanocomposites: Use of ionic liquid as solvent and template
Synthetic Metals, 2019
In this study we show a facile method to synthesize nanocomposites of PPY and silver from the direct oxidation of pyrrole by silver cations from silver bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (AgTf 2 N), using 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (BMImTf 2 N) as solvent and template to the hybrid material formation. Some synthesis parameters, such as initial concentration of the oxidant agent (C) and oxidant-tomonomer molar ratio (K) were varied in order to evaluate their influence on the final product. The black powders obtained, according to the characterization results, contain doped polypyrrole and silver nanoparticles amounts ranged from 26 to 36 wt%, depending on the C and K parameters utilized in the syntheses. The measured electrical conductivity values of the samples were in the order of 10 −2 S cm −1 , which classify the hybrid materials as semiconductor. By adding the HTf 2 N acid to the synthesis, a sample with more elevated electrical conductivity (0.12 S cm −1) was obtained, caused by the higher protonation degree of the oxidized units in the polymer.
Characterization of Polypyrrole−Silver Nanocomposites Prepared in the Presence of Different Dopants
The Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 2005
Conducting polypyrrole (PPy) powder synthesized by using FeCl 3 × 6 H 2 O and/or Fe(NO 3 ) 3 oxidants was impregnated in silver salt solutions. The stability and decomposition of the material was followed by thermogravimetric measurements. The total silver content was determined by atom absorption spectroscopy (ICP-AAS). The heat and electric conductivities of the composites were measured and correlated with the silver content. The incorporated silver was speciated and measured by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The spectra proved that the chemical state of the silver incorporated into the composite depends on the anion used in the polymerization process. In the case of the polymerization in a nitrate ion containing solution, the impregnation leads exclusively to the formation of metallic silver. The size distribution of the AgCl and Ag nanoparticles, determined from transmission electron microscopy (TEM) pictures in the different composites, proves the formation of a rather uniform species below 10 and 7 nm, respectively. The observations can be correlated with the different interactions in the PPy-chloride/nitrate-silver systems. The redox type interaction based conclusions can be considered as a guide during the preparation of other metal-conducting polymer composites.
The incorporation of silver nanoparticles into polypyrrole: Conductivity changes
Silver nanoparticles obtained by the electro-exploding wire technique were used to deposit on polypyrrole films prepared electrochemically. The presence of silver nanoparticles deposited was confirmed by X-ray diffraction. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy was used to estimate the amount of silver nanoparticles deposited on polypyrrole. The current-voltage characteristics obtained from scanning tunneling microscopy showed remarkable changes in the electrical and the electronic properties of polypyrrole, which was also observed by the conventional two-probe method. The new approaches are the novel process used to produce pure silver nanoparticles and the simple and clean electro-deposition without the use of any chemical agents.
Preparation and Characterization of Polypyrrole Silver Nanocomposites via Interfacial Polymerization
… Journal of Polymeric …, 2010
This work describes the preparation and characterization of polypyrrole (PPy)/iron oxide nanocomposites fabricated from monodispersed iron oxide nanoparticles in the crystalline form of magnetite (Fe 3 O 4 ) and PPy by in situ chemical oxidative polymerization. Two spherical nanoparticles of magnetite, such as 4 and 8 nm, served as cores were first dispersed in an aqueous solution with anionic surfactant sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate to form micelle/magnetite spherical templates that avoid the aggregation of magnetite nanoparticles during the further preparation of nanocomposites. The PPy/magnetite nanocomposites were then synthesized on the surface of the spherical templates. Structural and morphological analysis showed that the fabricated PPy/magnetite nanocomposites are core (magnetite)-shell (PPy) structures. Morphology of the PPy/magnetite nanocomposites containing monodispersed 4-nm magnetite nanoparticles shows a remarkable change from spherical to tube-like structures as the content of nanoparticles increases from 12 to 24 wt %. Conductivities of these PPy/magnetite nanocomposites show significant enhancements when compared with those of PPy without magnetite nanoparticles, in particular the conductivities of 36 wt % PPy/magnetite nanocomposites with 4-nm magnetite nanoparticles are about six times in magnitude higher than those of PPy without magnetite nanocomposites. These results suggest that the tube-like structures of 36 wt % PPy/magnetite nanocomposites may be served as conducting network to enhance the conductivity of nanocomposites. The magnetic properties of 24 and 36 wt % PPy/magnetitenanocomposites show ferromagnetic behavior and supermagnetism, respectively. V V C
Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, 2017
This work focuses on the synthesis of binary composites of polypyrrole and silver and of ternary composites of polypyrrole, silver and organomontmorillonite performed in the presence of mixtures of two surfactants, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), in aqueous media. Polypyrrole-silver composites were obtained easily by the direct oxidation of pyrrole by silver nitrate using surfactant mixture. These samples exhibited polypyrrole doped with dodecylsulfate and nitrate and silver contents varied between 60 and 90 wt.%. The electrical conductivity is highly dependent on SDS/CTAB presence and proportions. NO − 3 acts as the main dopant in the absence of surfactants and the resistivity reaches the highest for PPy-OMt composites compared to silver-content ones. Besides the dopant effect, the surfactants mixtures have noticeable influence on silver particle size and morphology. In ternary composites the silver nanoparticles were spherically (around 100-200 nm) and well dispersed in the polymeric matrix. Activation energy, density of states and hopping characteristic length were calculated and it was found to be influenced by intercalating doped polypyrrole into the layers of montmorillonite in the presence of the Ag and surfactant. One-dimensional Mott's variable range hopping process was observed and interpreted in terms of straightening and linearization of the polymer chains.
Journal of Materials Science-materials in Electronics, 2011
The colloidal dispersion of silver nano particles with different concentration (0.5, 1.0 and 1.5%) were synthesized by chemical reduction method using citrate as reducing agent. Colloidal dispersion of Poly (Styrene-co-methylacrylate) (SMA) was synthesized by mini emulsion polymerization technique. The SMA micro particles were used as template for the polymerization of pyrrole in presence of dispersion of silver nano particles by oxidative coupling method. The Ag nano particles and the final core–shell composite particles were characterized by UV–visible, FTIR, SEM, EDX and TEM analysis. The thermal analysis revealed that the SMA-PPy-Ag core–shell particles possesses better thermal stability in comparision with bare PPy-Ag nano composite. The dc conductivity and the electro chemical behaviour of the particles were studied by using a standard four-probe method. The dependence of electrical conductivity of the composites on the concentration of silver in the polypyrrole shell and the methyl acrylate content in SMA copolymer were also investigated The core–shell particles show reversible electrochemical response as revealed by the cyclic voltammetry study.