Solubility of Diisopropoxititanium Bis(acetylacetonate) in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide (original) (raw)
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Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data, 2001
The solubilities of solid benzoic acid, phenanthrene, and 2,3-dimethylhexane in supercritical carbon dioxide were measured with a semiflow phase equilibrium apparatus at the temperatures 318.15 K and 328.15 K and the pressure range from 120 bar to 240 bar. The experimental results show that crossover pressures exist for these three solid solutes. For each isotherm, the mole fraction solubilities of these solutes were correlated satisfactorily with the equation of Adachi and Lu.
Solubility of selected esters in supercritical carbon dioxide
The solubility of ethyl propionate, ethyl butyrate, and ethyl isovalerate in supercritical carbon dioxide was measured at temperature ranging from 308.15 to 333.15 K and pressure ranging from 85 to 195 bar. At the same temperature, the solubility of these compounds increases with pressure. The crossover pressure region was also observed in this study. The experimental data were correlated by the semi-empirical Chrastil equation and Peng Á/Robinson equation of state (EOS) using several mixing rules. The Peng Á/Robinson EOS gives better solubility prediction than the empirical Chrastil equation. #
Solubility of solid and liquid mixtures in supercritical carbon dioxide
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Process Design and Development, 1985
Solubility data for mixtures of naphthalene wlth phenanthrene, phenol, and biphenyl in supercritical carbon dioxide were obtained. The equilibrium solubilities were measured in a semicontinuous flow apparatus. Experiments were conducted at 308 and 318 K isotherms, over a pressure range of 5 to 28 MPa. Selectivity of carbon dioxide to dissolve these heavy components preferentially is discussed as a function of pressure and extent of solubliity.
The Journal of Supercritical Fluids, 2007
The solubility of a variety of metal acetylacetonate, tetramethylheptanedionate, cyclopentadienyl and cyclooctadiene complexes in supercritical carbon dioxide was measured. The complexes included the metals potassium, rubidium, titanium, zirconium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, ruthenium, osmium, cobalt, rhodium, nickel, palladium, platinum, copper, silver, and zinc. The solubility experiments were carried out with a dynamic-gravimetric method at 333 K in the pressure range from 10 MPa to 30 MPa. The pressure dependence of solubility is presented and the influence of the ligand is discussed. The influence of the metal on solubility was investigated systematically in terms of the oxidation state of the metal, the size of the metal atom and the magnetic moment. The solubility of metal complexes depends on the ligand as well as on the metal atom. An increase in solubility can be observed with increasing number of ligands per centre atom and with increasing oxidation state. In an identical complex structure, solubility is influenced by the molecular size and the valence electron configuration of the metal centres.
a b s t r a c t 3-Acetylpyridine (methyl 3-pyridyl ketone) is one of the important compounds to impart flavor and fragrance in various food products. In this work, the solubility data of 3-acetylpyridine in supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO 2 ) were experimentally measured at several temperatures (313.15 K, 323.15 K, 333.15 K, and 343.15 K) and pressures from 10 MPa to 26 MPa under static mode. The experimental solubilities over the measurement range were correlated using Chrastil and Del Valle and Aguilera density-dependent models while phase equilibrium behavior of the studied system was interpreted by Peng-Robinson equation of state (PR-EoS) incorporated with quadratic and Stryjek-Vera mixing rules. The agreement between the model predictions and experimental solubilities was assessed in respect to root-mean-square deviation (RMSD) and consistency of physical meaning of model parameters. Concerning phase equilibria of the studied supercritical system, PR-EoS incorporated with quadratic mixing rule was superior to PR-EoS incorporated with Stryjek-Vera mixing rule and capable to describe the dependency of adjustable binary interaction parameters with temperature.
The Solubility of Organic Compounds in Supercritical CO2
Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A, 2005
A simple liquid solution model is proposed to describe the effect of solvent-solute interactions on the solubility of nonpolar and slightly polar substances in supercritical solvents. Treating the system as an ideal solution, the effect of pressure on the solubility is zero or nearly zero, as it is governed by the difference in molar volume of the pure supercooled liquid solute and the pure solid solute, and this may be nearly zero. Deviations from ideal behavior are given by activity coefficients of the Margules type with the interaction parameter w interpreted as interchange energy as in the lattice theory. The hypothesis is put forward that the interchange energy is of the same form as a function proposed by Liptay and others to describe the effect of the solvent on the wavelength of the absorption maximum of the solute dissolved in the solvent. The function consists of a radius of interaction a and a function g(ε ) of the dielectric constant ε of the solvent, treated as a contin...
The Journal of Supercritical Fluids, 2008
A method has been developed for measuring the solubility of noble metal acetylacetonates by the direct injection of the supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO 2 ) solution into a high pressure liquid chromatograph. We found the use of (1) reverse phase high pressure liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) to separate the sample peak from the noise peak on chromatogram and (2) a scCO 2 -philic eluent to eliminate the noise peak, to be effective. Using this improved method, we measured the solubilities of noble metal complexes of Pt, Pd, Ru, Rh and Ag acetylacetonates in scCO 2 from 10 to 30 MPa at 313 K. Measurements were conducted with smaller amounts of samples (less than 0.1 g) and with shorter experimental times than by the standard dynamic flow method. The molar fraction y 2 was of the order 10 −5 to 10 −4 for Ru and Rh acetylacetonate, 10 −5 for Pd and Pt acetylacetonate, and 10 −7 for Ag acetylacetonate. The solubility data for Pd, Pt, Ru, and Rh acetylacetonates were successfully correlated using the Chrastil model.
Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data, 2013
Solubilities of three primary amides, namely, acetanilide, propanamide, and butanamide, in supercritical carbon dioxide were measured at T = (308.2, 313.2, and 323.2) K over the pressure range (9.0 to 40.0) MPa by a flow type apparatus. The solubility behavior of the three solids shows an analogous trend with a crossover region of the respective isotherms between (12 to 14) MPa. The solubility of each amide, at the same temperature and pressure, decreases from propanamide to acetanilide. Pure compound properties required for the modeling were estimated, and the solubilities of the amides were correlated by using the Soave−Redlich−Kwong cubic equation of state with an absolute average relative deviation (AARD) from (1.3 to 6.1) %.
Using solute structure to predict solubility of organic molecules in supercritical carbon dioxide
The Journal of Supercritical Fluids, 2006
Predictions of critical parameters and the Pitzer factor for three different group contribution methods are compared and used in correlative predictions of virial coefficients. These virial coefficients are then used to determine the chemical potential of a solute in supercritical carbon dioxide as a function only of the solute structure. Experimental chemical potentials are determined from measured solubility data and compared to calculated chemical potentials by using both experimental vapour pressures and vapour pressures estimated from the solute structure by group contribution methods. The group contribution method of Marrero and Gani is shown to best reproduce experimental solubility data with an average absolute relative deviation of 10.4% ("exact" experimental input data only yields an accuracy of 10.7% for the molecules studied here). The obtained accuracy for several common organic pollutants (naphthalene, benzoic acid, anthracene, phenanthrene, naphthol-2 and pyrene) suggests that the method is applicable for predictions on previously unmeasured systems as long as the molecule has fewer than 20 non-hydrogenic atoms and is relatively rigid.
Solubility of dihydroxybenzene isomers in supercritical carbon dioxide
Fluid Phase Equilibria, 1998
The equilibrium solubilities of dihydroxybenzene isomers pyrocatechol, resorcinol and hydroquinone have been measured in supercritical carbon dioxide using a simple static method. The measurements were performed in the pressure range from 120 to 400 atm at temperatures 35, 45, 55 and 658C for pyrocatechol and resorcinol and in the pressure range from 120 to 200 atm at temperature 358C for hydroquinone. The solubility of the isomers in supercritical CO was found to vary in the order pyrocatechol) resorcinol4 hydroquinone. The 2 experimental data were correlated by use of the density based model proposed by Chrastil. q