Analysis of Soil Heavy Metal Pollution and Pattern in Central Transylvania (original) (raw)
Related papers
Heavy metals contamination of soils surrounding waste deposits in Romania
Journal De Physique Iv, 2003
Soils contamination with heavy metals is one of the most severe aspects of environmental pollution in Romania, independently of the origin sources (domestic or industrial activities) or type of disposal (organised landfill or hazardous deposits)[l-2]. This fact is the consequence of the poor state of the existing waste deposits in Romania and of the significant costs involved by the establishing of a new landfill according with the international regulations. The present study is trying to emphasise the contamination of soils surrounding different categories of waste deposits (sewage sludge ponds, domestic and industrial waste landfills, hillocks, sterile deposits) from various regions of Romania. Some case studies show a special interest being localise in a protected area (Iron Gates Natural Park). In order to quantify the concentration of metals like Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Zn, Ni, Mo in soil samples, analysis were performed using Inductively Coupled Plasma - Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES). Romanian standards were used as reference values[3].
In order to assess the soil pollution level by heavy metals and also the possibility of metals entrance in the food chain via plants, pollution load index (PLI), contamination factors (CF) and soil to plant transfer factors (TF) were calculated. Topsoil samples (1-10 cm) and plants growing on them were collected from four areas in Baia Mare city and surroundings: three polluted areas (Ferneziu, Săsar and Center) and one reference area. The following heavy metals: Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Ni, Cr, Co, Mn, Sn were analyzed in soil and plant samples by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. The highest TF were obtained for Cd (0.66-3.13) while the lowest values were calculated for Pb (0.004-0.02). The contamination level of the soil within the investigated areas was assessed according to PLI values. Ferneziu district, where the lead smelter is located, was found being the most polluted site for Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn and Sn. Cluster analysis was conducted in order to classify metals of different sources and origins. Cd, Pb, Sn, Zn and Cu occur as a result of anthropogenic activities while Co, Cr, Mn and Ni in soil can be naturally found in the soil composition
Survey of heavy metal deposition in Romania: Transylvanian plateau and western carpathians mountains
Acest studiu este similar unui procedeu anterior privind determinarea depunerilor atmosferice de metale grele, iniţiată pentru prima data în România, în 1995. În acest articol se prezintă rezultatele obţinute în urma colectării în 1999 si 2007 (în timpul verii) a 64 probe de muşchi din locaţiile cele mai poluate ale unor regiuni din România. Scopul acestui studiu constă în a obţine hărţi de depunere atmosferică ale elementelor trasoare de metale grele şi de a pune în evidenţă sursele de poluare care afectează regiunile vestice ale tării noastre. Metalele grele au fost determinate prin metode de analiza cum ar fi ENAA şi FAAS. În vederea asigurării calităţii măsurătorilor s-au folosit materiale indicate de Agenţia Internaţională de Energie Atomică (IAEA). This study is connected to an earlier survey of atmospheric heavy metal deposition started in 1995, for the first time, in Romania. In this paper the results obtained after collecting in 1999 and 2007 (during the summer) 64 moss samples from highly polluted area of some regions of Romania are reported. The aim of this study consists in obtaining the atmospheric deposition patterns of heavy metals trace elements and to reveal air pollution sources affecting the western regions of our country. The heavy metals were determined by using nuclear and non-nuclear methods, such as ENAA and FAAS. To ensure the quality of the measurements we used IAEA certified materials.
Assessment of Heavy Metals Concentration in Soil and Plants from Baia Mare Area, NW Romania
Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Horticulture, 2018
The results showed diverse patterns of Pb, Cd, Zn, Co, Cu, Ni, Mn, Cr and Sn, in case of Pb in all areas exceeded the M.L.A (average 32.59 mg/kg while M.L.A. = 20 mg/kg), other elements shows high concentration that exceed the M.L.A. for Ferneziu and Săsar area. In the case of plant material also records exceedances of the M.L.A for Ferneziu and Săsar area, but in the Dura area there were no overtaking of M.L.A.
Assessment of heavy metals contents in soil from an industrial plant of southern part of Romania
AES Bioflux, 2011
An investigation of soils is performed in order to establish the impact of heavy metal pollution near an industrial power plant. The use of synthetic products (e.g. pesticides, paints, batteries, industrial waste and land application of industrial or domestic sludge) can result in heavy metal contamination of soils. Heavy metals also occur naturally, but rarely at toxic levels. Soil samples from different depth were drawn. Heavy metals such as Pb, Zn, Cu and Mn were analysed to establish the level of contamination relative to maximum limits enforced by environmental protection agencies. In addition, a measurement for the total organic carbon (TOC) concentration is accomplished.
Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, 2000
The present paper is a study of the heavy metal contamination of natural soils due to atmospheric transport in the northern part of Eastern Carpathians. The study area is located north of Baia Mare, the main Romanian centre for processing complex sulphide ores. Ten undisturbed soil profiles of andosols and andic soils were investigated. The distribution of heavy metals (Pb, Cu, Zn, Mn, Ni, Co, Cr and Cd) was studied along the soil profile and at specific distances from the pollution sources. In addition to the total nitric acid soluble fraction of the metals, amounts of lead, copper, zinc and manganese extractable with 0.05 M hydrochloric acid were determined to evaluate the fraction of each metal potentially available to plants. Surface soils in the Ignis Mountains (10 km from Baia Mare) were more polluted with lead (200-800 ppm), with the concentration decreasing with distance from the processing plants. Lower lead concentrations were observed in the deeper soil horizons. The fraction of lead extractable in 0.05 M hydrochloric acid was generally higher at high total concentrations of lead. From its geographical and soil profile distributions it is also evident that cadmium was also supplied in appreciable amounts to the topsoil from the same pollution sources, whereas the trend was weaker for zinc and chromium and not evident for copper, manganese, nickel, or cobalt. The fraction extractable with 0.05 M hydrochloric acid generally followed the order Pb > Cu > Zn > Mn.
Environmental Geochemistry and Health, 2020
It is well known and proven that heavy metal contamination of the soils can severely affect the health of the people living in the contaminated areas given the ease with which trace elements can enter the human body. In addition-to agricultural crop depreciation as well as soil erosion, soil pollution can negatively affect the natural function of ecosystems. While certain heavy metals in high doses can be harmful to the body, others such as cadmium, mercury, lead, chromium, silver and arsenic in minimal amounts have delusional effects on the body, causing acute and chronic intoxication. Our research is focused on the identification of heavy metals from the soil (O,
2012
More than 20 years later, a new research on heavy metals (cadmium, cobalt, chromium, copper) contents in the soil cover of the Pantelimon – Brănesti area located East of the Bucharest Municipality and exposed for several decades to the influence of industrial emissions from two non-ferrous metallurgy plants is presented. A 5,912.72 ha area was investigated, 544 samples taken by geometric horizons (0-20; 20-40; 40-60 cm) from 215 points have been analyzed. The dominant soils are: Preluvosols, Chernozems, Phaeozems. The analytical data showed that all the heavy metals contents are below the maximum allowable limits and of the alarm thresholds. Higher cadmium and copper concentrations have been registered in the 40-60 cm layer and higher chromium and copper concentrations in the 0-20 cm layer. Cadmium and cobalt distributions are non-central, with a right asymmetry, and the chromium and copper ones are slightly symmetric. The surface distribution of the heavy metals shows the presence ...