A Study of the Demand for Beverages in Great Britain Using National Food Survey Data (original) (raw)

The British Household Panel Survey and its Income Data

Changing Fortunes, 2011

This paper is concerned with the construction of measures of household income for respondents to the British Household Panel Survey (BHPS). The focus is on a measure of net income. Sometimes also referred to as disposable income, net income refers to total money income from the labour market, cash benefits and tax credits including the state retirement pension, savings and investment income including private and occupational pensions, and private transfers, from which is deducted income tax payments, employee national insurance and occupational pension contributions, and local tax payments. (Gross income equals total income prior to the deductions referred to.) The household income variable provided in the official release of BHPS data is a gross income measure. However it is widely agreed that analysis of the personal distribution of income, inequality and poverty-trends over time and longitudinal dynamics-should use net income rather than gross income measures. ISER researchers have derived net income measures using BHPS data and, on an ad hoc basis, made these available as unofficial supplements to the main BHPS release files. BHPS net income variables are widely used. They also form part of the BHPS component of the Cross-National Equivalent File. (The CNEF contains comparable household panel data from the BHPS, Australian HILDA, Canadian SLID, German SOEP, US PSID, and the Swiss Household Panel Survey.) It is important that users of the BHPS net income files are aware of the nature of the BHPS sample design and its other features, and also of how the net household income variables are constructed. This paper addresses these needs. It provides a self-contained introduction to the BHPS, concentrating on aspects relevant to analysis of the distribution of household income. First, I discuss various BHPS design features drawing on the BHPS Quality Profile (Lynn 2006). Second, I discuss how data on net household income are derived. The BHPS net household income definition is modelled on that used in Britain's official personal income distribution statistics (Households Below Average Income, HBAI) based on the much larger and specialist cross-sectional income survey, the Family Resources Survey. The BHPS definitions are contrasted with those employed in the HBAI, and there are also comparisons of estimates of cross-sectional summaries of the income distribution. I show that the BHPS distributions track the HBAI ones relatively well over time.

Changes in Consumption of Households during 1990-1997

Sociologický časopis

The article provides social statistics concerning the main changes in the consumption behaviour of Czech households between 1990 and 1997. The descrip-tion is based on a comparison with the situation and trends in countries of the Euro-pean Union. The author uses the Family Budget Surveys data files that were weighted to assure higher representativeness of the research results. Different statis-tical procedures are employed to describe main shifts in the composition of house-hold budgets on the whole and for different consumption items in the first stage, and according to different factors characterising the household in the second stage. In the last part of the article, multiple regression and ANOVA analysis were applied to an-swer the question of the changes in the influence of different social indicators of households on the relative household expenditures. The author cannot confirm the hypothesis that 'meritocratic' factors (income, education) have strengthened and '...

Portuguese household food expenditure: 1990, 1995 and 2000

The aim of this work is to highlight the major trends of Portuguese household food expenditure in 1990, 1995 and 2000. Food expenditure trends per food groups are examined taking into account household food expenditure at home, and away from home, and based on different variables. Results suggest that income, education and age are influencing changes in Portuguese food spending behaviour. The pattern observed in Europe in terms of an increasing trend towards food away from home can also be confirmed for Portugal.

Statistical demand functions for food in the USA and the Netherlands

Journal of Applied Econometrics, 1997

This paper reports results of an extensive analysis of statistical demand functions for food using household survey data and aggregate time-series data on food consumption in the USA and The Netherlands. Using the model put forward by for survey data, we ®nd that socio-economic information on the composition, education, and status of households adds little to the explanation of food consumption. The income elasticity of food consumption decreases over time in the USA but increases in The Netherlands. Applying multivariate cointegration analysis to the time-series data, we ®nd that strict price homogeneity, structural stability, and weak exogeneity of prices have to be rejected statistically at conventional signi®cance levels, whereas weak exogeneity of food consumption cannot be rejected. The long-run income elasticity tends to decrease over Dependent variable: ln FOOD. Weighting variable: square root of group size. Restriction across surveys: none. Panel (a): estimated coecients (heteroscedasticity-consistent standard errors in parentheses). Panel (b): diagnostics (asymptotic p-values in parentheses when applicable).