Embodied Energy and Carbon Emissions of Pavements: A Review (original) (raw)

2019

Abstract

Energy consumption takes place at each stage of pavement construction, right from extraction of raw materials to finished products like roads. Carbon emission is an undesirable product that materializes simultaneously with energy consumption that is indispensable right through the construction activities. Reusability is another important feature that we should consider when we speak about sustainability. Though pavements made of bitumen have a higher embodied energy, it readily yields to recycling, when compared to concrete pavements, thereby reducing the energy consumed. Reducing consumed energy helps to save the resource for the future. Many situations warrant compromised sustainability when a particular type of pavement is preferred to serve a special function. In such cases, alternative materials with low embodied energy and low carbon emission may be used for the pavement design. Designs using waste materials and recycled materials would help to make energy-efficient pavements ...

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