Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (original) (raw)

For more than 10 years, in-vitro fertilization (IVF) has proved to be a successful treatment to alleviate long-standing infertility in couples with tubal, idiopathic and andrological infertility. IVF may fail consistently in certain couples, especially those with severe male-factor infertility, and infrequently in couples with idiopathic infertility. A sizeable number of couples cannot be accepted for IVF because the number of motile spermatozoa present in the ejaculate is too low; for many centres the minimum number of motile spermatozoa in the ejaculate is 500000. Recent reports have indicated that these problems can be overcome by different procedures of assisted fertilization such as partial zona dissection (PZD)