Research on Lead-free Piezoelectric Films for MEMS Applications (original) (raw)
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Annealing Characteristics of Electrodeposited Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Photovoltaic Thin Films
Korean Journal of Materials Research, 2010
Cu(In,Ga)Se 2 (CIGS) photovoltaic thin films were electrodeposited on Mo/glass substrates with an aqueous solution containing 2 mM CuCl 2 , 8 mM InCl 3 , 20 mM GaCl 3 and 8 mM H 2 SeO 3 at the electrodeposition potential of −0.6 to −1.0 V(SCE) and pH of 1.8. The best chemical composition of Cu 1.05 In 0.8 Ga 0.13 Se 2 was found to be achieved at −0.7 V(SCE). The precursor Cu-In-Ga-Se films were annealed for crystallization to chalcopyrite structure at temperatures of 100-500 o C under Ar gas atmosphere. The chemical compositions, microstructures, surface morphologies, and crystallographic structures of the annealed films were analyzed by EPMA, FE-SEM, AFM, and XRD, respectively. The precursor Cu-In-Ga-Se grains were grown sparsely on the Mo-back contact and also had very rough surfaces. However, after annealing treatment beginning at 200 o C, the empty spaces between grains were removed and the grains showed well developed columnar shapes with smooth surfaces. The precursor Cu-In-Ga-Se films were also annealed at the temperature of 500 o C for 60 min under Se gas atmosphere to suppress the Se volatilization. The Se amount on the CIGS film after selenization annealing increased above the Se amount of the electrodeposited state and the MoSe 2 phase occurred, resulting from the diffusion of Se through the CIGS film and interaction with Mo back electrode. However, the selenization-annealed films showed higher crystallinity values than did the films annealed under Ar atmosphere with a chemical composition closer to that of the electrodeposited state.
세라믹칩 전기적 성능검사 시스템을 위한 고속구동 액튜에이터 개발
Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society, 2011
The core of IT products, electronic components, especially the MLCC, chip inductors, chip Varistors and so on. In order to test the electrical characteristics of the chip using the Reno-pin contact test method has been used. In current chips, mass production of semiconductor manufacturing processes, high-speed production test for the chip speed up, precision is required. But Vibration displacement is a very short, so in order to overcome these shortcomings, the displacement amplification to design the structure has been actively studied. In this paper, a building structure with a flexible hinge was designed amplification instrument, semiconductor chip industry in the performance test and inspection equipment to measure the electrical characteristics of high speed linear actuators Reno-Pin using system was developed.
Korean Journal of Materials Research, 2019
The recent development of information and communication technologies brings new changes to automobile traffic systems. The most typical example is the advancement of dedicated short range communication(DSRC). DSRC mainly consists of an intelligent transportation system(ITS), an electronic toll collection system(ETCS) and an advanced traveler information system(ATIS). These wireless communications often cause unnecessary electromagnetic waves, and these electromagnetic waves, in turn, cause frequent system malfunction. To solve this problem, an absorber of electromagnetic waves is suggested. In this research, various materials, such as powdered metal and iron oxides, are used to test the possibility for an effective absorption of the unnecessary electromagnetic waves. The various metal powders are made into a thin sheet form by compositing through processing. The electromagnetic characteristics(complex permittivity, complex permeability) of the fabricated sheet are measured. As a res...
비금속 배관에서의 원격 2축 굽힘 진동 측정을 위한 동박 패치형 자기 센서의 제안
Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering, 2008
This paper suggests a non-contact sensor for measuring bending vibration of a non-metallic cylinder in two orthogonal directions simultaneously. Recent research shows that a solenoid can pick up bending vibrations of a nonmetallic cylinder based on the reversed Lorentz force mechanism if an electrical conductive patch is attached to the cylinder. In this work, pairs of specially designed patches are used to make two independent paths for the current induced by bending vibrations, which enables the measurement of bending vibrations along two orthogonal directions simultaneously. The working performance of the developed sensor was verified by using two accelerometers.
2019
자동차용 배터리는 초기 용량의 80% 이하가 되면 교체하게 되며, 근간 폐배터리의 수가 폭발적으로 증가할 것으로 예측되 고 있다. 폐배터리의 폐기로 인한 환경 파괴를 방지하고 자원 을 재활용하기 위해서 자동차에서 나오는 폐배터리를 에너지 저장장치(ESS)로 재사용 하는 것에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있 다. 폐배터리를 ESS로 재구성하기 위해서는 폐배터리 모듈의 그레이딩을 통해 비슷한 성능의 모듈끼리 모아서 구성하는 것 이 매우 중요하다. 배터리 모듈 간의 불균형은 전체 시스템의 성능을 저하시키며, 따라서 비슷한 성능과 잔존 수명을 가진 모듈을 골라내는 일은 폐배터리의 재사용에 있어서 첫 번째 선 결 과제가 된다. 본 연구에서는 폐배터리의 상태 및 잔존수명 평가를 위해 배터리 모듈의 임피던스 스펙트럼을 측정할 수 있 는 장비를 개발하였다. 폐배터리 모듈에 AC 섭동을 인가하고 이를 측정하여 임피던스 스펙트럼을 계산할 수 있는 하드웨어 와 소프트웨어를 개발하였다. 개발 장비는 60V이하의 폐배터리 모듈의 임피던스 스펙트럼을 0.1Hz에서 1kHz까지 측정 가능하 며, 측정 결과를 바탕으로 커브 피팅을 통해 등가회로의 파라 미터도 계산할 수 있다. SM3에서 얻어진 폐배터리 모듈을 이 용하여 측정한 임피던스 스펙트럼을 상용장비인 BIM2로 측정 한 결과를 비교하였고, Reduced Chi-Square를 이용한 분석결 과 두 데이터가 거의 일치함을 알 수 있었다.
Hygroscopic Characteristic of Gypsum Boards Using Porous Materials
Korean Journal of Materials Research, 2009
Active clays, Diatomite, bentonite and zeolite were used as porous materials for fabricating hygroscopic gypsum boards. Pohang active clay and Cheolwon diatomite showed excellent characteristics of moisture adsorption and desorption. These characteristics were caused by higher surface area and pore volume of porous materials. Moisture adsorption content of gypsum board with 10% active clay(P1) was 62.0 g/m 2 , and moisture desorption content was 50.2 g/m 2. Moisture adsorption content of gypsum board with 10% diatomite(P) was 59.5 g/m 2 , and moisture desorption content was 49.0 g/m 2. Moisture adsorption contents of gypsum boards with porous materials were higher than that moisture desorption contents of gypsum board without porous materials. Correlation coefficient between surface area and moisture adsorption content of gypsum boards was 0.98. Also, correlation coefficient between surface area and moisture desorption content of gypsum boards was 0.97. Moisture adsorption and desorption contents were influenced by surface area and pore volume of the gypsum boards, and surface area had a larger effect on moisture adsorption and desorption.
Effects of Acid Treatment of Carbon on Electroless Copper Plating
Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering, 2016
The effects of surface modification by nitric acid on the pre-treatment of electroless copper plating were investigated. Copper was electroless-plated on the nitric acid treated graphite activated by a two-step pretreatment process (sensitization + activation). The chemical state and relative quantities of the various surface species were determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) after nitric acid modification or pretreatment. The acid treatment increased the surface roughness of the graphite due to deep and fine pores and introduced the oxygen-containing functional groups (-COOH and O-C=O) on the surface of graphite. In the pre-treatment step, the high roughness and many functional groups on the nitric acid treated graphite promoted the adsorption of Sn and Pd ions, leading to the uniform adsorption of catalyst (Pd 0) for Cu deposition. In the early stage of electroless plating, a lot of tiny copper particles were formed on the whole surface of acid treated graphite and then homogeneous copper film with low variation in thickness was formed after 30 min.