Prospection du lit mineur et des berges sur le site médiéval de Taillebourg - Port-d’Envaux (Charente-Maritime) : un secteur d’activité lié à la Charente (original) (raw)

Aquitania : une revue inter-régionale d'archéologie, 2005

Abstract

The village of Taillebourg is situated on the right bank of the Charente river about 40 km from the Atlantic Ocean. On the opposite bank is the village of Port-d’Envaux, in the alluvial plain which forms the main channel of the Charente. Tide influence can be seen as far as Taillebourg and beyond : this phenomenon, combined with a strong currant at this point of the river, allowed certain types of sea faring boats to come upriver, thus favorising port activities. The medieval port site at Taillebourg – Port-d’Envaux has revealed numerous remains dating primarily from the VIIth and Xth centuries. Fifteen logboats, three wrecks, structural remains including a late IXth century dyke, as well as numerous objects (pottery, weapons, tools) are all conserved at a depth of 8 m along a succession of three shallows. Subaquatic prospecting revealed three objects, the identities of which are definitely scandinavian (two axes and a ring) and other objects (leads and an anchor) which are probably of scandinavian origin. In addition, amongst the abundant archaeological finds collected from the river, there are objects, particulary arms, which correspond chronologically with the period of the viking raids (IXth century) but which are not of clear scandinavian origin and could equally correspond to the local population. A geophysical survey was performed on the banks adjoining the site. The aim was to find potential remains of a settlement of the banks that could be linked with fittings of the river’s bed. A magnetic cartography, completed with electromagnetic data (Slingram method), was realized with a caesium vapor magnetometer on 13 000 m2. No structure can’t be highlight with assurance ; however, in boundaries of the map appear some parallel and parpendicular linear anomalies with probably anthropic origin.Les prospections subaquatiques menées sur le site portuaire médiéval de Taillebourg – Port-d’Envaux (situé à environ 40 km de l’Océan Atlantique), ont livré de nombreux vestiges datés entre les VIIe et Xe siècles ; pirogues monoxyles, épaves assemblées, vestiges structurés et objets variés (céramiques, armes, outils) sont répartis sur ou aux abords de trois hauts-fonds. Le corpus comprend également des éléments qui trouvent des comparaisons typologiques et stylistiques dans l’Europe du Nord ainsi que des productions qui correspondent à l’époque des raids vikings (IXe siècle) mais qui peuvent aussi bien être associées aux populations locales qu’aux vikings. Une prospection géophysique conduite sur les berges a mis en évidence des anomalies linéaires dont l’origine anthropique et la relation avec l’aménagement du lit du fleuve sont probables.Mariotti Jean-François, Dumont Annie, Mathé Vivien, Camus Adrien, Lévêque François, Jaubert Anne Nissen, Hulot Olivia, Greck Sandra, Szepertyski Béatrice. Prospection du lit mineur et des berges sur le site médiéval de Taillebourg - Port-d’Envaux (Charente-Maritime) : un secteur d’activité lié à la Charente. In: Aquitania : une revue inter-régionale d'archéologie, tome 21, 2005. pp. 299-336

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