Variety of Cultural Landscapes as Indonesia Identity (PPt) (original) (raw)
2019, IFLA~APELA Workshop in Seoul
Indonesia is an archipelagic country in Southeast Asia. The barriers of the mountains, big rivers and the sea have protected the character and traditions of many groups. On the contrary, the character and traditions of each ethnic group influenced the metamorphosis of the local cultural landscape by the use of land for the fulfilment of the necessities of life, death, and for the purpose of sustaining the dignity of the ancestral families and their descendants who are privileged as aristocratic families. The genealogy and the movement of the families and their descendants formed the topogeny. But, in agricultural practice, there is equilibrium because of the influence of nature's work which does not recognize the level of feudalism. The most obvious example is the subak system in Bali that reflects the value of democracy and equality of rights, especially in the use of water for agriculture. Clearly the basis of Indonesia's cultural landscape is rural agricultural landscape. Cultural landscape of Bali, the subak system as manifestation of tri hita karana philosophy was added to UNESCO's world heritage list in 2012 as a site of outstanding universal value to humanity. There are many Indonesian cultural landscapes that were born and morphed from the oral narratives knowledge, delivered generation by generation. Indonesia's national identity as well as the motto Bhinneka Tunggal Ika (unity in diversity) refers to the variety in the country's internal composition (of natures, religions, languages, cultures) but also indicates that-despite all differences in its multicultural society-there is a true sense of unity (Indonesianness) among the people of Indonesia. So, variety of cultural landscapes is one of national identity of Indonesia.
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